复杂光照条件下光伏发电系统输出特性及最大功率点跟踪研究

发布时间：2018-06-24 12:46

本文选题：光伏发电 + 输出特性　；参考：《太原理工大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：太阳能作为一种绿色清洁可替代能源,具有可再生、无污染等优点,近年来发展迅速,光伏发电作为太阳能利用的主要形式,已经成为研究的热点。当今有关光伏发电系统运行的关键性技术已经日渐成熟,但仍然存在成本高、效率低、经济性差等问题,严重制约其进一步推广与应用。因此,如何进一步提高光伏发电系统的效率,降低开发成本,已成为国内外光伏领域专家的研究重点。本文紧密围绕提高光伏发电系统效率,对复杂光照条件下光伏阵列的输出特性及最大功率点跟踪(Maximum Power Point Tracking,MPPT)分别进行研究。主要内容如下： (1)介绍了光伏发电的基本原理,使用Matlab/Simulink搭建了光伏电池仿真模型,仿真分析了光伏电池输出特性曲线。 (2)建立了对复杂光照条件下的光伏阵列模型并对其输出特性进行研究。首先,分析了光伏阵列的局部阴影问题；其次,将输出电流和输出电压分别作为串、并联式光伏阵列输出特性理论分析的基准,进一步推导得到两种光伏阵列在复杂光照条件下的不同输出特性方程,建立复杂光照条件下光伏阵列的输出特性模型,得到输出特性曲线；最后,分析了阴影情况下光伏阵列输出曲线的特性以及局部极值点的位置情况,并对移动云层及阵列结构不同的光伏阵列的输出特性曲线的变化规律进行分析和研究,为光伏阵列的MPPT算法研究奠定了理论基础。 (3)研究了最大功率点跟踪技术,主要包括传统MPPT算法和复杂光照条件下MPPT算法。详细介绍了MPPT算法原理,在Matlab/Simulink环境中搭建了实现MPPT算法的Boost电路。研究了三种传统的MPPT控制方法及基于神经网络的多峰MPPT技术。采用神经网络原理来实现光伏系统的最大功率跟踪控制,并进行仿真,证明该方法的有效性；最后将输出结果与传统的最大功率跟踪方法进行了比较,证明该方法的优越性。
[Abstract]:As a kind of green clean alternative energy, solar energy has the advantages of renewable and pollution-free. In recent years, photovoltaic power generation as the main form of solar energy utilization has become a hot spot. Nowadays, the key technology of photovoltaic power generation system is becoming more and more mature, but there are still some problems, such as high cost, low efficiency and poor economy, which seriously restrict its further promotion and application. Therefore, how to further improve the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation system, reduce the development costs, has become the focus of domestic and foreign experts in the field of photovoltaic research. In this paper, the output characteristics and maximum Power Point tracking (MPPT) of photovoltaic arrays under complex illumination conditions are studied in order to improve the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation systems. The main contents are as follows: (1) the basic principle of photovoltaic power generation is introduced, and the simulation model of photovoltaic cell is built by Matlab / Simulink. The output characteristic curve of photovoltaic cell is simulated and analyzed. (2) the photovoltaic array model under complex illumination is established and its output characteristics are studied. Firstly, the local shadow problem of photovoltaic array is analyzed. Secondly, the output current and output voltage are used as the reference for theoretical analysis of output characteristics of parallel photovoltaic array. Furthermore, the output characteristic equations of two photovoltaic arrays under complex illumination conditions are derived, and the output characteristic models of photovoltaic arrays under complex illumination conditions are established. Finally, the output characteristic curves are obtained. The characteristics of photovoltaic array output curve and the location of local extremum are analyzed, and the variation law of output characteristic curve of photovoltaic array with different moving clouds and array structure is analyzed and studied. It lays a theoretical foundation for the research of MPPT algorithm of photovoltaic array. (3) the maximum power point tracking technology is studied, including the traditional MPPT algorithm and MPPT algorithm under complex illumination conditions. The principle of MPPT algorithm is introduced in detail, and the boost circuit of MPPT algorithm is built in Matlab / Simulink environment. Three traditional MPPT control methods and multimodal MPPT technology based on neural network are studied. The principle of neural network is used to realize the maximum power tracking control of photovoltaic system, and the simulation is carried out to prove the effectiveness of the method. Finally, the output results are compared with the traditional maximum power tracking method, and the superiority of the method is proved.
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM615

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