含大规模风电的多目标电网规划方法研究

发布时间：2018-06-24 17:54

本文选题：风电场 + 多目标　；参考：《华北电力大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：风电作为新兴的可再生能源,对于缓解能源危机具有重大意义,近年来得到飞速发展。风电出力本身特有的波动性和间歇性,给电网带来更多的潮流波动,成为电网规划阶段必须考虑的不确定性因素。抽水蓄能电站作为提高电网接纳风电能力的主要措施之一,研究抽水蓄能电站规划方案的选择和建设次序是电网规划的一个重要方面。因此,研究大规模风电接入下的电网规划方法具有重要的学术和工程实用价值。传统电网规划模型将风电场出力划分为几个典型运行场景,很难将风电场所有的运行情况均考虑在内。现有的基于机会约束的规划模型较少,且目标函数只有投资成本,只能根据经验设置合理的置信水平来反应规划方案可靠性,不能对可靠性水平进行量化。为此,本文采用机会约束规划模型,以支路不过负荷概率反应风电出力波动性对电网的影响,并引入电力期望不足目标函数量化可靠性水平。首先,本文给出了概率直流潮流计算中涉及到的相关概率统计理论,使用基于半不变量法和Gram-Charlier级数的概率直流潮流计算方法计算支路有功概率密度函数,用该方法与蒙特卡洛方法对算例进行计算,计算结果表明该方法精度符合要求且计算速度快；接着给出了点估计法计算电力期望不足的方法,并对IEEE24节点测试系统进行计算,计算结果表明该方法计算速度快,适合在规划模型中重复计算。其次,本文以支路不过负荷概率为约束条件,分别以投资成本最小和电力不足期望最小为单一目标函数,通过模糊隶属度函数构建满意度指标作为评价函数,提出了考虑支路故障、负荷波动、风电场有功出力不确定性的输电系统多目标机会约束规划模型。采用差分进化算法对IEEE24节点测试系统进行求解,验证了提出的电网规划模型的有效性,为含有大规模风电场的输电系统规划问题提供了一种较好的解决思路。最后,针对抽水蓄能电站的特点及其对电网的影响,从技术性和经济性两方面,选取评价抽水蓄能电站对电网影响的4个单一评价指标,并给出了基于搜索算法结合BPA仿真的指标计算方法,进而提出了一种综合指标的构造方法；最后,以某省电网为例,对备选的7个抽水蓄能电站接入方案进行评价,给出规划方案的排序,为抽水蓄能电站的建设提供参考。
[Abstract]:Wind power, as a new renewable energy, has great significance in alleviating the energy crisis and has been developed rapidly in recent years. Wind power generation has its own unique volatility and intermittency, which brings more power flow fluctuations to the power grid, and becomes an uncertain factor that must be considered in the power network planning stage. Pumped-storage power station is one of the main measures to improve the capacity of accepting wind power in power network. It is an important aspect of power network planning to study the selection and construction sequence of the planning scheme of pumped storage power station. Therefore, it is of great academic and practical value to study the power network planning method under large-scale wind power access. The traditional power grid planning model divides the wind farm output into several typical operation scenarios, and it is difficult to take all the operation conditions of the wind farm into account. The existing programming models based on opportunity constraints are few, and the objective function is only the investment cost, which can only reflect the reliability of the planning scheme by setting reasonable confidence level according to experience, but not quantifying the reliability level. In this paper, an opportunity-constrained programming model is adopted to reflect the influence of wind power output volatility on the power grid by the branch load probability, and the quantitative reliability level of the objective function is introduced. First of all, this paper gives the relevant probability and statistics theory involved in the calculation of probabilistic DC power flow, and uses the method based on semi-invariant method and Gram-Charlier series to calculate the active power probability density function of the branch circuit. The method and Monte Carlo method are used to calculate the example. The results show that the accuracy of the method meets the requirement and the calculation speed is fast. Then, the method of point estimation to calculate the shortage of electric power expectation is given, and the IEEE 24 bus test system is calculated. The calculation results show that the method is fast and suitable for repeated calculation in the programming model. Secondly, the paper takes the load probability as the constraint condition, takes the minimum investment cost and the expected minimum of power shortage as the single objective function, and constructs the satisfaction index by the fuzzy membership function as the evaluation function. A multi-objective opportunity-constrained programming model for transmission system considering branch fault load fluctuation and uncertainty of active power output of wind farm is proposed. The IEEE 24-bus test system is solved by differential evolution algorithm, which verifies the validity of the proposed model and provides a good solution to the transmission system planning problem with large-scale wind farms. Finally, in view of the characteristics of pumped storage power station and its influence on power grid, four single evaluation indexes are selected to evaluate the impact of pumped storage power station on power network from the aspects of technology and economy. The index calculation method based on search algorithm and BPA simulation is given, and then a comprehensive index construction method is put forward. Finally, taking a provincial power network as an example, seven alternative access schemes for pumped storage power stations are evaluated. The order of the planning scheme is given, which provides a reference for the construction of pumped storage power station.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM614;TM715

【参考文献】