内燃机尾气余热半导体温差发电系统研究设计

发布时间：2018-06-29 14:49

本文选题：温差发电 + 集热器　；参考：《北京交通大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前,我国成为了世界上最大的汽车生产国和消费国,但是也带来一系列的能源和环境问题。如何节省燃油的消耗以及降低污染和排放成为汽车行业发展的关键问题。在上世纪70年代兴起的汽车尾气余热温差发电系统正成为各大高校和车企的研究热点,它是一种能够将汽车尾气的热能转换为电能的装置,可以提高燃油的利用率,具有较强的应用前景和广阔的市场空间。本文在国内外相关研究的基础上,针对汽车尾气余热温差发电系统在现阶段存在输出功率小和结构不紧凑的不足,研究在多场耦合条件下尾气与集热器的换热过程,为提高集热器表面温度和改善集热器表面温度分布提供了实现途径。同时搭建了温差发电试验台架,优化温差发电片之间的拓扑结构,得出温差发电系统输出功率与柴油机工况之间的关系,与模拟进行对比,为模拟提供了一定的实验依据。本文以计算流体动力学为基础,利用UG建立集热器的几何模型,采用FLUENT软件对不同结构集热器的换热过程进行分析,得到耦合面平均温度、集热器进出口压差和集热效率的仿真结果,得到综合性能最佳的集热器。搭建ZS1100柴油机尾气余热温差发电试验台,采用独立水冷却方式,完成不同柴油机工况下温差发电系统的性能试验。在柴油机转速为1200r/min时,输出功率为3.2kW时,集热器的集热效率最大为49.15%；在冷热端温差为130℃时,最大输出功率为106.0W的功率,集热器的集热效率为35.44%,热电转换效率为6.6%,得到温差发电系统的发电效率为2.34%。本文对集热器的仿真为实际优化集热器内部结构提供了理论基础,搭建的ZS1100柴油机尾气余热半导体温差发电试验台为以后的相关研究提供参考。
[Abstract]:At present, China has become the world's largest automobile producer and consumer, but also brings a series of energy and environmental problems. How to save fuel consumption and reduce pollution and emissions has become the key problem in the development of automobile industry. In the 70s of last century, the waste heat differential power generation system of automobile exhaust gas is becoming the research hotspot of universities and automobile enterprises. It is a device that can convert the heat energy of automobile exhaust into electric energy, and can improve the utilization rate of fuel. It has strong application prospect and broad market space. In this paper, based on the related research at home and abroad, the heat transfer process between exhaust gas and collector is studied under the condition of multi-field coupling, aiming at the shortage of low output power and uncompact structure of the waste heat differential power generation system of automobile exhaust gas at the present stage. It provides a way to increase the surface temperature of collector and to improve the surface temperature distribution of collector. At the same time, the test bench of thermoelectric power generation is built to optimize the topological structure between the thermoelectric units, and the relationship between the output power of the thermoelectricity generation system and the working conditions of the diesel engine is obtained, and compared with the simulation, which provides a certain experimental basis for the simulation. Based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD), the geometric model of collector is established by UG, and the heat transfer process of collector with different structure is analyzed by fluent software, and the average temperature of coupling surface is obtained. The optimum performance of collector is obtained by the simulation results of pressure difference and heat collection efficiency of collector inlet and outlet. The ZS1100 diesel engine exhaust heat differential power generation test rig was built, and the performance test of the thermoelectric power generation system under different diesel engine conditions was completed by using independent water cooling method. When the speed of diesel engine is 1200r/min and the output power is 3.2 kW, the maximum heat collection efficiency of the collector is 49.15.The maximum output power is 106.0W when the temperature difference between the cold and hot ends is 130C. The collection efficiency of collector is 35.44 and the efficiency of thermoelectric conversion is 6.6. The generating efficiency of thermoelectric system is 2.34. In this paper, the simulation of the collector provides a theoretical basis for practical optimization of the internal structure of the collector, and provides a reference for future research on the ZS1100 diesel engine exhaust heat semiconductor thermoelectric test rig.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM913

【参考文献】