基于高频注入法的异步电机无速度传感器控制

发布时间：2018-07-07 20:19

本文选题：异步电机 + 无速度传感器矢量控制　；参考：《中国矿业大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：异步电机无速度传感器矢量控制系统舍弃了物理的速度传感器，不仅降低了系统的成本，而且使得整个系统更加便捷、稳定和可靠，是国内外研究的热点之一。本文对异步电机的数学模型和矢量控制方法进行了阐述，深入分析了按转子磁链定向的矢量控制基本原理及其控制方法，研究了异步电机的可控性和可观性，并根据波波夫（Popov）超稳定性理论推导出模型参考自适系统（MRAS）的转速估计自适应率。准确并且可靠的转速信息是保证电机能够安全、可靠和高效工作的前提。本文在深入研究异步电机高频信号注入方法的基础上，结合异步测速发电机的基本原理，提出了一种利用高频环流估计转速的方法。与其它高频信号注入的方法相比，高频环流法不依赖于电机的非理想特性也不需要对电机结构做任何更改，不仅适用于鼠笼式异步电机同样也适用于绕线式异步电机，具有良好的通用性与实用性；同时，本文提出的高频环流法保留了高频信号注入法对电机参数不敏感的特性，并且改善了高频信号注入法在电机低速时的缺点，拓宽了转速估计的范围。仿真结果显示，高频环流法能够在很宽的转速范围内实现电机转速的准确估计，且动态响应很快。本文在异步电机矢量控制系统的基础上，构建了基于高频环流法的异步电机无速度传感器系统仿真模型，并和基于模型参考自适应法的系统仿真模型进行了仿真对比，结果表明：高频环流法对电机参数的变化和外界的干扰具有很强的鲁棒性，且整个系统具有良好的动静态性能。同时，，本文通过电机实验平台对高频环流法进行了实验验证，实验结果证明了利用高频环流法对异步电机进行转速估计的有效性和可行性。
[Abstract]:The speed sensorless vector control system of asynchronous motor has abandoned the physical speed sensor, which not only reduces the cost of the system, but also makes the whole system more convenient, stable and reliable. In this paper, the mathematical model and vector control method of induction motor are described. The basic principle and control method of vector control based on rotor flux linkage are deeply analyzed, and the controllability and observability of asynchronous motor are studied. According to Popov's hyperstability theory, the adaptive rate of speed estimation for model reference adaptive system (MRAs) is derived. Accurate and reliable speed information is the premise to ensure the safety, reliability and efficiency of the motor. Based on the deep study of the high frequency signal injection method of asynchronous motor and the basic principle of asynchronous speed measuring generator, a method of speed estimation based on high frequency circulation is proposed in this paper. Compared with other high frequency signal injection methods, the high frequency loop method does not depend on the non-ideal characteristics of the motor and does not need to make any changes to the motor structure. It is suitable not only for squirrel cage asynchronous motor but also for winding asynchronous motor. At the same time, the high frequency signal injection method is not sensitive to the parameters of the motor, and improves the shortcomings of the high frequency signal injection method at low speed. The range of speed estimation is widened. The simulation results show that the high frequency loop method can accurately estimate the motor speed in a wide speed range and the dynamic response is very fast. On the basis of vector control system of asynchronous motor, the simulation model of speed sensorless system for induction motor based on high frequency circulation method is constructed, and the simulation model based on model reference adaptive method is compared. The results show that the high frequency loop method is robust to the variation of motor parameters and external disturbance, and the whole system has good dynamic and static performance. At the same time, the high frequency loop method is verified by the motor experiment platform. The experimental results show the validity and feasibility of using the high frequency loop method to estimate the speed of asynchronous motor.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM343;TM301.2

【参考文献】