通信信号频率扫描和测量的实现

发布时间：2018-07-09 09:15

本文选题：频率扫描 + 频率测量　；参考：《电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：一般来说,通信信号在电磁频谱中主要占据高频(HF)、甚高频(VHF)和特高频(UHF)等频段。此外在更低频率上,有工作在甚低频(VLF)和低频(LF)的紧急通信链路;在更高的频率上,卫星通信可以工作在X频段和K频段,美国的国防军事卫星通信系统甚至工作在了20GHz和44GHz。通常而言,对通信侦查系统的工作频率范围要求在2~1000MHz。面对如此大的频率覆盖范围,若要进行全概率接收,实现难度较大,通常的办法是进行扫频。频率测量几乎是所有接收机系统都必须完成的基本任务。而在数字域进行频率测量,则具有测频算法灵活多样、精度高等优点。随着现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)技术的不断发展,其具有的逻辑门阵列和功能模块也不断增加,FPGA能完成的功能也越来越多,其高速、高集成度等优点使其在实时或准实时的处理场合被广泛应用。本文在扫频技术和测频技术的基础上,搭建了一个基于FPGA和个人电脑(PC)的通信信号频率扫描和测量系统平台,重点研究该系统的各部件设计和基于第三代总线(PCIE)的主机接口,完成了整个系统的设计、实现和测试。该系统在FPGA上完成可变带宽的数字下变频、可变点数的快速傅立叶变换(FFT)、数字测频、主机接口硬件部分等模块;在PC上实现硬件驱动程序和上位机应用程序。最终完成后,在上位机界面进行操作,可以控制整个系统以最小250KHz,最大20MHz的步进带宽,对最大20MHz~3.6GHz的频率范围进行扫描同时完成对最大值信号频率的测量。扫描结果和频率测量结果通过主机接口上传到上位机界面进行显示。
[Abstract]:Generally speaking, communication signals occupy high frequency (HF), very high frequency (VHF) and ultra-high frequency (UHF) in the electromagnetic spectrum. In addition, at lower frequencies, there are emergency communication links operating at very low frequency (VLF) and low frequency (LF); at higher frequencies, satellite communications can operate in the X-band and K-band, and the US defense military satellite communication system even operates at 20GHz and 44GHz. Generally speaking, the frequency range of communication detection system is required to be in the range of 21000 MHz. In the face of such a large frequency coverage, it is difficult to realize the full probability receiving, the usual method is to sweep the frequency. Frequency measurement is an essential task for almost all receiver systems. The frequency measurement in digital domain has the advantages of flexible frequency measurement algorithm and high precision. With the continuous development of field programmable gate array (FPGA) technology, its logic gate array and functional modules are also increasing the number of functions that can be accomplished by FPGA. High integration makes it widely used in real-time or quasi-real-time processing. On the basis of frequency sweep technology and frequency measurement technology, a communication signal frequency scanning and measuring system platform based on FPGA and personal computer (PC) is built in this paper. The design of each component of the system and the host computer interface based on the third generation bus (PCIE) are studied emphatically. The whole system is designed, implemented and tested. The system implements the modules of variable bandwidth digital down-conversion, variable point fast Fourier transform (FFT), digital frequency measurement, host interface hardware and so on FPGA, and implements hardware driver and host computer application program on PC. After the final completion, the whole system can be controlled with a minimum of 250kHz and a maximum stepping bandwidth of 20MHz, and the maximum frequency range of 20MHz / 3.6GHz can be scanned and the maximum signal frequency can be measured simultaneously. Scan results and frequency measurement results are uploaded to the host computer interface through the host interface for display.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM935.1

【参考文献】