无刷直流电机正弦波控制方法研究

发布时间：2018-07-13 20:17

【摘要】：无刷直流电机具有结构简单、维护方便、调速性能好、运行效率高等优点，在工业和商业领域得到了广泛应用。无刷直流电机多采用120°方波控制方式，该控制方式下电机输出转矩存在转矩脉动，，导致电机运行噪音较大。而新型正弦波驱动无刷直流电机输出转矩波动小、运行噪音低，近年来应用日益广泛，发展较快。因此，对无刷直流电机正弦波控制技术的研究具有重要的理论意义和实用价值。本文以无刷直流电机正弦波控制技术为研究内容，针对正弦波控制方式的几个关键问题，即转子转速及转子位置估算、正弦波直接起动和相位超前角补偿等算法进行了仿真和实验研究，其中着重研究了基于霍尔位置传感器的转子信息估算算法。在分析零阶估算算法、一阶估算算法的基础上，本文研究了一种利用灰色预测算法实现转子转速及转子位置估算的新方法，旨在提高加减速运行过程中的转子转速及转子位置估算精度。该方法采用基于GM(1,1)模型的灰色预测算法获取霍尔扇区时间值，然后根据预测的霍尔扇区时间值计算转子转速及转子位置等信息，从而实现无刷直流电机正弦波驱动。与零阶估算算法、一阶估算算法相比，在加减速运行阶段，灰色预测算法所获取的转子位置具有更高的精度。本文构建了以数字信号控制器MC56F8013为主控芯片的系统实验平台，在此平台上进行了无刷直流电机正弦波控制系统性能实验，并与方波控制方式实验结果进行了对比。实验结果表明，本文所设计的正弦波控制系统运行稳定可靠，性能良好，适用于对成本及噪音有严格要求的应用场合。
[Abstract]:Brushless DC motor (BLDCM) has been widely used in industrial and commercial fields because of its simple structure, convenient maintenance, good speed regulation performance and high running efficiency. The brushless DC motor mostly adopts 120 掳square wave control mode. Under this control mode, the torque ripple of the motor output torque exists, resulting in the motor running noise. The new sinusoidal drive brushless DC motor has low torque ripple and low operating noise. It has been widely used and developed rapidly in recent years. Therefore, the research on sine wave control technology of brushless DC motor has important theoretical significance and practical value. In this paper, the sine wave control technology of brushless DC motor is taken as the research content, aiming at several key problems of sine wave control, that is, rotor speed and rotor position estimation. The algorithms of sinusoidal direct starting and phase leading angle compensation are simulated and experimented. The rotor information estimation algorithm based on Hall position sensor is emphatically studied. Based on the analysis of zero-order estimation algorithm and first-order estimation algorithm, a new method of rotor speed and rotor position estimation using grey prediction algorithm is studied in this paper. The purpose of this paper is to improve the accuracy of rotor speed and rotor position estimation during acceleration and deceleration. In this method, the grey prediction algorithm based on GM (1 / 1) model is used to obtain the time value of Hall sector, and then the rotor speed and rotor position are calculated according to the predicted time value of Hall sector, so as to realize the sine wave drive of brushless DC motor. Compared with the zero order estimation algorithm and the first order estimation algorithm, the rotor position obtained by the grey prediction algorithm has a higher accuracy in the acceleration and deceleration stage. In this paper, a digital signal controller MC56F8013 is used as the main control chip. The performance experiment of sine wave control system of brushless DC motor is carried out on this platform, and the experimental results are compared with those of square wave control mode. The experimental results show that the sinusoidal control system designed in this paper is stable and reliable and has good performance. It is suitable for applications with strict requirements for cost and noise.
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM33

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