交流感应电机矢量控制及MATLAB仿真

发布时间：2018-07-14 12:37

【摘要】：交流感应电机广泛应用于工业中各个领域，其运行可靠且具有良好的操控性，因而交流感应电机的控制策略是一项很重要的研究课题。本文简要介绍了交流感应电机的几种常用的控制策略，分析了各策略的利弊，选择了目前最为流行的矢量控制技术作为本文的研究对象。首先对交流感应电机的基本原理进行了介绍，介绍了矢量控制技术中坐标的变换原理以及磁场定向技术，通过分析选择了矢量控制中比较常用的转子磁场定向技术，然后分析了不同坐标系电机的数学模型以及交流感应电机的等效电路。由于交流感应电机自身结构的原因，转子与旋转磁场之间存在转速差，需要搭建磁链观测器，本文选择基于同步旋转坐标系下的电流—转速模型。最后详细介绍了空间电压矢量脉宽调制技术—SVPWM。众所周知，仿真是一项可缩短开发周期，节省开发资源，提高开发效率的有利手段，并且仿真验证结果也可作为实际运行结果的一项参考。MATLAB/Simulink是一个功能强大的仿真平台，可实现用户的各类需求，并能将仿真模型转变成C或C++代码，进行产品的开发。应用Simulink搭建了交流感应电机矢量控制的模型，并构建了与真实环境相似的交流感应电机模型，通过仿真验证了控制系统的可实施性以及可靠性。根据需要设计了硬件开发环境，进行了硬件电路的设计以及辅助性监控软件的开发，定制了通讯协议，通过MATLAB代码生成与单片机结合，，进行控制策略的开发。硬件电路主要包含控制电路与驱动电路，文中分别介绍了各部分的主要功能及设计原理。在实际工况下采集了电机运行中的参数波形，并与仿真波形做了对比分析，完成了控制策略的验证。对交流感应电机控制方法的研究有着很大的科研意义以及能够带来很高的经济效益，对其控制策略应不断的进行深入的探讨与研究。文中最后总结了此次研究中的不足之处，以待改正，并对未来工作的主要研究方向提出了设想与展望。
[Abstract]:Ac induction motor is widely used in various fields of industry, its operation is reliable and has good maneuverability, so the control strategy of AC induction motor is a very important research topic. This paper briefly introduces several common control strategies of AC induction motor, analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of each strategy, and selects the most popular vector control technology as the research object of this paper. Firstly, the basic principle of AC induction motor is introduced, and the principle of coordinate transformation and magnetic field orientation in vector control technology are introduced. The rotor magnetic field orientation technology commonly used in vector control is selected through analysis and selection. Then the mathematical model of motor in different coordinate system and the equivalent circuit of AC induction motor are analyzed. Due to the structure of the AC induction motor, there is a rotor speed difference between the rotor and the rotating magnetic field, so it is necessary to build flux observer. In this paper, the current-speed model based on synchronous rotating coordinate system is selected. Finally, the space voltage vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) technique is introduced in detail. As we all know, simulation is a useful means to shorten the development cycle, save the development resources and improve the efficiency of development. The simulation results can also be used as a reference for the actual running results. MATLAB / Simulink is a powerful simulation platform. It can realize all kinds of user's needs and transform the simulation model into C or C code to develop the product. The vector control model of AC induction motor is built by using Simulink, and the AC induction motor model similar to the real environment is constructed. The practicability and reliability of the control system are verified by simulation. The hardware development environment is designed according to the need, the hardware circuit is designed and the auxiliary monitoring software is developed, the communication protocol is customized, and the control strategy is developed through the combination of MATLAB code generation and single chip microcomputer. The hardware circuit mainly includes control circuit and drive circuit. The main function and design principle of each part are introduced in this paper. The parameter waveforms of the motor in operation are collected and compared with the simulation waveforms, and the control strategy is verified. The research of AC induction motor control method has great scientific significance and can bring high economic benefits. The control strategy of AC induction motor should be discussed and studied deeply. Finally, this paper summarizes the shortcomings of this study, and puts forward some ideas and prospects for the future research.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM346

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