大规模风电直流外送系统的仿真与协调控制策略研究
发布时间：2018-07-28 19:49
【摘要】：我国风能资源分布集中,且多处于西部、北部和沿海地区。新疆哈密、甘肃酒泉、蒙东蒙西等地区都是我国风能资源最丰富的地区,非常适合进行大基地集中式开发。由于风电出力具有波动性和随机性,大规模风电并网需要电力系统具有较强的调峰平衡能力。而我国西部、北部地区电力系统规模较小,且热电机组比重高,调峰能力不足,要实现风电大规模集中开发与高效利用,需要加强风电消纳研究,统筹考虑风电基地与外送通道建设,同步建设跨区特高压输电工程,将西部和北部地区的风电输送到华北、华中、华东等用电负荷中心地区消纳,“开发大风电、融入大电网”是中国风电发展的必然要求。 特高压直流输电的主要特点是输送容量大、距离远等。到目前为止,我国已经有3个特高压直流工程投入运行,多个工程正在建设和规划之中。特高压直流输电将成为未来风电远距离外送的重要方式,是缓解能源运力不足的有效手段,也是促进大规模风电基地建设的必要条件。利用直流输电系统有功与无功的灵活控制功能,适应风电的波动特性及故障特性,可以提高大规模风电接入系统的安全稳定性。 论文主要研究内容可归纳为以下三部分： (1)以电磁暂态实时数字仿真系统HYPERSIM为平台,利用电压源型换流器(Voltage Source Converter, VSC)物理仿真装置,通过数模混合仿真技术建立直驱式同步风力发电机组数模混合仿真模型,通过暂稳态仿真试验,对该模型在风速波动下的动态特性以及电网故障时的动态响应进行校核。 (2)以电磁暂态实时数字仿真系统HYPERSIM为研究平台,用直流输电物理仿真装置模拟外送风电的特高压直流输电系统,利用双向功率连接数模混合仿真技术,模拟功率在数字和物理模型之间的交换,建立大规模风电直流外送的数模混合仿真系统,并通过故障试验对仿真系统响应特性进行校核。 (3)基于数模混合实时仿真平台对特高压直流与风电外送系统的相互影响和协调控制策略进行深入研究,并通过数模混合实时仿真试验,验证协调控制策略的有效性。 论文的主要创新点是： (1)建立了直驱风机数模混合仿真模型,具备与实际风机换流器控制器连接研究风机接入电网动态响应特性的能力,可真实反映风机实际控制器动态特性。 (2)构建了大规模风电直流外送系统的数模混合实时仿真平台,从规模和精确度两方面满足研究要求。 (3)评估风火打捆系统与直流输电之间的相互影响程度,提出了提高大规模风电直流外送系统故障恢复特性的交直流协调控制策略。 论文坚持理论与实际相结合,旨在针对我国电网发展中遇到的实际问题,提出可行的解决措施。论文研究成果解决了精确实时模拟风电机组中全控器件动态特性的技术难题,为风电机组实际控制器的策略及参数优化研究和接入电网的动态特性检验提供了必要的技术手段；解决了在模拟大规模风电接入电网的同时精确模拟外送风电的直流输电系统动态响应特性的技术难题,为大规模风电接入电网及直流输电对大规模风电适应性、交直流协调控制等研究提供了必要的研究手段；提出了有效可行的风火打捆直流外送系统交直流协调控制策略,为大规模风电直流外送系统的规划、设计和运行提供了必要的技术支撑。
[Abstract]:China's wind energy resources are concentrated in the west, in the north and in the coastal areas. Xinjiang Hami, Gansu Jiuquan, Mengxi and other regions are the most abundant area of wind energy resources in China. It is very suitable for the centralized development of large bases. Due to the volatility and the machine of wind power output, the large-scale wind power grid connected to the power system needs to be compared. In the western part of China, the power system in the north of China is small, and the proportion of the electric power unit is high and the peak regulation ability is insufficient. To realize the centralized development and efficient utilization of wind power, the wind power consumption research should be strengthened, the construction of wind power base and the outer channel construction should be considered as a whole, and the construction of the trans regional UHV transmission project should be constructed in the west, and the West will be constructed simultaneously. The wind power in the Ministry and the northern region is transported to North China, central China, and East China and other power load centers, and "developing the wind power and integrating the large power grid" is the inevitable requirement of the development of China's wind power.
The main characteristics of UHVDC transmission are large capacity and long distance. So far, 3 UHVDC projects have been put into operation in China, and many projects are being built and planned. UHVDC transmission will become an important way of future wind power transmission, and it is an effective means to alleviate the shortage of energy. It is necessary to promote the construction of large-scale wind power base. Using the flexible control function of the active and reactive power of the DC transmission system to adapt to the fluctuating characteristics and fault characteristics of the wind power, the safety and stability of the large-scale wind power access system can be improved.
The main research contents of this paper can be summarized as follows:
(1) taking the electromagnetic transient real-time digital simulation system HYPERSIM as the platform, using the Voltage Source Converter (VSC) physical simulation device, the mixed simulation model of the direct drive synchronous wind generator group is set up by the mixed simulation technology of digital mode. The dynamic simulation test of the transient state is used to simulate the dynamics of the model under the fluctuation of wind speed. Characteristic and dynamic response of power grid fault are checked.
(2) taking the electromagnetic transient real time digital simulation system HYPERSIM as the research platform, the UHVDC transmission system with external wind power is simulated with the physical simulation device of HVDC transmission, and the hybrid simulation technology of bidirectional power connection digital analog is used to simulate the exchange of power between the digital and physical models, and the multi mode mixing of large scale wind power DC outflow is established. The simulation system is checked and the response characteristics of the simulation system are checked through the fault test.
(3) based on the digital analog hybrid real-time simulation platform, the interaction and coordination control strategy of UHV DC and wind power supply system are studied, and the effectiveness of the coordinated control strategy is verified by the mixed real-time simulation test.
The main innovation of this paper is:
(1) a mixed simulation model of the direct fan is established. It has the ability to connect with the controller of the actual fan converter to study the dynamic response characteristic of the fan to the power grid. It can truly reflect the dynamic characteristics of the actual controller of the fan.
(2) a real-time mixed mode real-time simulation platform for large-scale wind power DC transmission system is constructed, which meets the research requirements from two aspects of scale and accuracy.
(3) to evaluate the mutual influence between the wind fire baling system and the direct current transmission, the AC / DC coordinated control strategy is proposed to improve the fault recovery characteristics of the large-scale wind power DC outflow system.
In order to solve the practical problems encountered in the development of China's power grid, the paper puts forward feasible solutions to the actual problems encountered in the development of China's power grid. The research results of the paper have solved the technical problem of accurate and real-time simulation of the dynamic characteristics of the fully controlled devices in the wind turbine, and for the optimization of the strategy and parameters of the actual controller of the wind turbine and the access to the power grid. The dynamic characteristic test provides the necessary technical means, and solves the technical problem of the dynamic response characteristic of the DC transmission system with the simulation of the large scale wind power access to the power grid and the accurate simulation of the outflow wind power, which provides the need for large-scale wind power access to the power grid and the DC transmission to the large-scale wind power adaptation, the AC and DC coordinated control and so on. The necessary technical support is provided for the planning, design and operation of the large-scale wind power DC outflow system.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM614
本文编号：2151399
[Abstract]:China's wind energy resources are concentrated in the west, in the north and in the coastal areas. Xinjiang Hami, Gansu Jiuquan, Mengxi and other regions are the most abundant area of wind energy resources in China. It is very suitable for the centralized development of large bases. Due to the volatility and the machine of wind power output, the large-scale wind power grid connected to the power system needs to be compared. In the western part of China, the power system in the north of China is small, and the proportion of the electric power unit is high and the peak regulation ability is insufficient. To realize the centralized development and efficient utilization of wind power, the wind power consumption research should be strengthened, the construction of wind power base and the outer channel construction should be considered as a whole, and the construction of the trans regional UHV transmission project should be constructed in the west, and the West will be constructed simultaneously. The wind power in the Ministry and the northern region is transported to North China, central China, and East China and other power load centers, and "developing the wind power and integrating the large power grid" is the inevitable requirement of the development of China's wind power.
The main characteristics of UHVDC transmission are large capacity and long distance. So far, 3 UHVDC projects have been put into operation in China, and many projects are being built and planned. UHVDC transmission will become an important way of future wind power transmission, and it is an effective means to alleviate the shortage of energy. It is necessary to promote the construction of large-scale wind power base. Using the flexible control function of the active and reactive power of the DC transmission system to adapt to the fluctuating characteristics and fault characteristics of the wind power, the safety and stability of the large-scale wind power access system can be improved.
The main research contents of this paper can be summarized as follows:
(1) taking the electromagnetic transient real-time digital simulation system HYPERSIM as the platform, using the Voltage Source Converter (VSC) physical simulation device, the mixed simulation model of the direct drive synchronous wind generator group is set up by the mixed simulation technology of digital mode. The dynamic simulation test of the transient state is used to simulate the dynamics of the model under the fluctuation of wind speed. Characteristic and dynamic response of power grid fault are checked.
(2) taking the electromagnetic transient real time digital simulation system HYPERSIM as the research platform, the UHVDC transmission system with external wind power is simulated with the physical simulation device of HVDC transmission, and the hybrid simulation technology of bidirectional power connection digital analog is used to simulate the exchange of power between the digital and physical models, and the multi mode mixing of large scale wind power DC outflow is established. The simulation system is checked and the response characteristics of the simulation system are checked through the fault test.
(3) based on the digital analog hybrid real-time simulation platform, the interaction and coordination control strategy of UHV DC and wind power supply system are studied, and the effectiveness of the coordinated control strategy is verified by the mixed real-time simulation test.
The main innovation of this paper is:
(1) a mixed simulation model of the direct fan is established. It has the ability to connect with the controller of the actual fan converter to study the dynamic response characteristic of the fan to the power grid. It can truly reflect the dynamic characteristics of the actual controller of the fan.
(2) a real-time mixed mode real-time simulation platform for large-scale wind power DC transmission system is constructed, which meets the research requirements from two aspects of scale and accuracy.
(3) to evaluate the mutual influence between the wind fire baling system and the direct current transmission, the AC / DC coordinated control strategy is proposed to improve the fault recovery characteristics of the large-scale wind power DC outflow system.
In order to solve the practical problems encountered in the development of China's power grid, the paper puts forward feasible solutions to the actual problems encountered in the development of China's power grid. The research results of the paper have solved the technical problem of accurate and real-time simulation of the dynamic characteristics of the fully controlled devices in the wind turbine, and for the optimization of the strategy and parameters of the actual controller of the wind turbine and the access to the power grid. The dynamic characteristic test provides the necessary technical means, and solves the technical problem of the dynamic response characteristic of the DC transmission system with the simulation of the large scale wind power access to the power grid and the accurate simulation of the outflow wind power, which provides the need for large-scale wind power access to the power grid and the DC transmission to the large-scale wind power adaptation, the AC and DC coordinated control and so on. The necessary technical support is provided for the planning, design and operation of the large-scale wind power DC outflow system.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM614
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