单相小功率光伏并网中孤岛效应的研究

发布时间：2018-08-03 09:04

【摘要】：进入21世纪以来人类社会处于生态环境严重被污染、化石能源短缺的状态。太阳能是一种绿色的可再生能源,光伏发电与光热发电是太阳能发电的主要利用形式,光伏并网发电具有无污染、安全可靠等优点,被人们广泛运用。光伏并网发电过程中发生的孤岛效应机率随之增加,而孤岛效应产生的危害也越来越严重,因此解决孤岛效应问题迫在眉睫,寻求快速有效的孤岛检测方法具有现实意义。本文主要研究单相小功率光伏并网中产生的孤岛效应问题。首先本文研究了孤岛效应发生的原理、产生的危害以及目前孤岛效应在国内外的研究状况和孤岛检测标准。其次,对比分析了孤岛效应的主动式、被动式和其它检测方法的原理和优缺点,为本文采用的主动频率孤岛检测法、正反馈主动频移孤岛检测法和主动电流扰动法孤岛检测奠定了理论基础。再次,详细讨论了这三种方法的工作原理、优缺点和盲区检测范围,通过M4ATLAB仿真研究发现：采用主动电流扰动法在并网逆变器输出功率大于、等于和小于负载消耗的功率情况下,能快速地检测到孤岛状态,且当逆变器单台运行时不存在检测盲区。本文采用STC12C5A162S芯片控制孤岛检测核心电路,设计了交流电压、电流和频率检测电路、IGBT驱动电路、整流滤波电路,故障检测电路、数码管显示控制电路等,编写了孤岛检测算法相关程序和控制流程图。结合软件和硬件设计,搭建了1000W/220V单相小功率光伏并网发电系统,在此系统下完成了单相并网测试和采用的主动电流扰动法进行孤岛效应实验,最后总结全文。
[Abstract]:Since entering the 21st century, human society has been in a state of serious pollution of ecological environment and shortage of fossil energy. Solar energy is a kind of green renewable energy. Photovoltaic power generation and photothermal generation are the main forms of solar power generation. Photovoltaic grid-connected power generation has the advantages of pollution-free, safe and reliable, and has been widely used. The probability of islanding effect in grid-connected photovoltaic power generation is increasing, and the harm of islanding effect is becoming more and more serious. Therefore, it is urgent to solve the problem of islanding effect, and it is of practical significance to seek a fast and effective detection method for islanding. This paper focuses on the islanding effect in single-phase low-power photovoltaic grid-connected. Firstly, this paper studies the principle of island effect, the harm it produces, the research status of island effect at home and abroad, and the detection standard of islanding effect at home and abroad. Secondly, the principle, advantages and disadvantages of active, passive and other detection methods of islanding effect are compared and analyzed. The positive feedback active frequency shift islanding detection method and the active current perturbation method have laid a theoretical foundation for islanding detection. Thirdly, the working principle, advantages and disadvantages and blind area detection range of these three methods are discussed in detail. Through M4ATLAB simulation, it is found that the output power of grid-connected inverter by active current perturbation method is greater than, When the power consumption is equal to or less than the load consumption, the isolated island state can be detected quickly, and there is no detection blind area when the inverter is running on a single unit. In this paper, STC12C5A162S chip is used to control the core circuit of islanding detection. The AC voltage, current and frequency detection circuits are designed, such as drive circuit, rectifier and filter circuit, fault detection circuit, digital tube display and control circuit, etc. The related program and control flow chart of islanding detection algorithm are compiled. Combined with software and hardware design, 1000W/220V single-phase low-power photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system is built. Under this system, single-phase grid-connected test and active current perturbation method are used to carry out islanding experiment. Finally, the full text is summarized.
【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM615

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