微网群自主与协调控制关键技术研究

发布时间：2018-08-04 21:53

【摘要】：随着全球人口的增长、能耗的增加、环境问题的严峻和化石能源的逐步枯竭，可再生能源的开发利用得到越来越多的关注。微电网作为一种整合利用分布式电源的有效形式，如何通过灵活的控制技术实现可再生能源的充分利用，提高供电质量与可靠性成为研究的热点。此外，微电网的分布式特性越来越明显，渗透率正逐渐提高，在高渗透率情况下如何有效地控制多个微电网的运行成为亟待解决的问题。本文围绕微网群协调控制涉及的发电单元控制、微电网控制、群级控制以及控制通信系统模型等几个方面展开了深入的研究，主要研究成果如下： 1）针对分布式电源下垂控制中频率存在偏差的问题，提出了基于虚拟频率的下垂控制方法。该方法给出通过改变虚拟频率设定值来调整相角，得到相角下垂控制系数，实现了在不改变电源频率条件下的无功功率输出。仿真实验结果表明，与以往下垂控制方法相比基于虚拟频率的下垂控制方法无需改变频率设定值即可实现相同功率分配效果。 2）针对微电网多运行状态、分布式电源多控制模式的问题，建立了基于有限状态机矩阵的状态转换模型，，提出了基于有限状态机矩阵的微电网协调控制方法。该方法可以实现微电网全局控制管理，并且在离网独立运行状态下通过分区协调控制实现了电压频率的二次调整和功率越限控制。 3）提出了确定微电网在群体中对外应表现的控制特性指标及实现外特性的控制方法，并给出了基于该控制方法的微网群协调控制3层体系结构。通过仿真实验验证了评价指标及其控制方法的适用性和合理性。 4）在对微电网功能进行全面分解组合的基础上，建立了IEC61850微电网通信控制信息模型，并给出了基于该信息模型的微网群控制实现方法。该信息模型为微网群中智能设备互操作提供了基础，使得微电网控制方法实现过程标准化，文中对典型控制功能的实现进行了验证。
[Abstract]:With the increase of global population, the increase of energy consumption, the severe environmental problems and the gradual depletion of fossil energy, more and more attention has been paid to the development and utilization of renewable energy. As an effective form of integrating and utilizing distributed generation, microgrid has become a hotspot in the research on how to make full use of renewable energy through flexible control technology and improve the quality and reliability of power supply. In addition, the distributed characteristic of microgrid is becoming more and more obvious, and the permeability is increasing gradually. How to effectively control the operation of multiple microgrids under the condition of high permeability becomes an urgent problem to be solved. This paper focuses on the generation unit control, microgrid control, group level control and control communication system model, which are involved in microgrid group coordination control. The main research results are as follows: 1) aiming at the problem of frequency deviation in DG droop control, a droop control method based on virtual frequency is proposed. In this method, the phase angle is adjusted by changing the set value of the virtual frequency, and the sagging control coefficient of the phase angle is obtained, and the reactive power output is realized without changing the frequency of the power supply. The simulation results show that the droop control method based on virtual frequency can achieve the same power distribution effect without changing the frequency setting value compared with the previous droop control methods. In this paper, a state transformation model based on finite state machine matrix is established, and a coordinated control method for microgrid based on finite state machine matrix is proposed. This method can realize the global control management of microgrid. Furthermore, the secondary regulation of voltage frequency and the control of power overrun are realized under the condition of off-grid independent operation. 3) the control characteristic index is proposed to determine the external performance of microgrid in the group. The control method to realize the external characteristic, A 3-layer architecture of micro-grid coordinated control based on this control method is presented. The applicability and rationality of the evaluation index and its control method are verified by simulation experiments. 4) based on the comprehensive decomposition and combination of microgrid functions, the communication control information model of IEC61850 microgrid is established. The realization method of microgrid group control based on the information model is also presented. The information model provides the basis for the intelligent equipment interoperability in the microgrid group, and makes the process of microgrid control method standardized. The realization of typical control functions is verified in this paper.
【学位授予单位】：中国农业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM727

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