开关磁阻电机反步控制方法的研究

发布时间：2018-08-08 11:35

【摘要】：开关磁阻电机(Switched Reluctance Motor,SRM)自问世以来,作为一种新型调速驱动系统,开关磁阻电机以其结构简单、低成本、高效率、优良的调速性能和灵活的可控性,愈来愈得到人们的认可和应用。已成功应用于在电动车用驱动系统、家用电器、工业应用、伺服系统、高速驱动、航空航天等众多领域中,成为交流电机调速系统、直流电机调速系统和无刷直流电机调速系统的强有力竞争者。SRM固有的双凸极结构导致它在工作的过程中转矩脉动大,噪音问题突出,限制了其在很多精密场合的应用。它的双凸极结构、磁路的饱和性使其是一个多变量、非线性和强耦合的系统。为了降低SRM转矩脉动,目前已经开发出了很多种控制方法,比如:线性化控制、变结构控制、迭代学习控制、智能控制理论等。本文以三相6/4开关磁阻电机为研究对象,将反步控制器分别应用于速度环、转矩环和磁链环,提出了一种基于反步控制(Back Stepping Control,BSC)的开关磁阻电机控制方法,主要工作如下:首先,学习认识反步控制法的原理,了解一般非线性、强耦合系统中反步控制器的特点和建立过程,分析反步控制法运用于开关磁阻电机调速系统中的可行性。其次,分析开关磁阻电机线性模型、准线性模型以及非线性模型之间的不同,选择准线性模型作为开关磁阻电机反步控制器的设计依据。接着建立电机的反步模型,根据反步模型依次设计速度反步控制器、转矩反步控制器和磁链反步控制器,将他们连接起来形成速度环和磁链环,对电机实行双环控制。最后,根据速度环提供的电压给定值选择电压PWM控制器,根据磁链环提供的给定电流值选择电流斩波控制器。于此完成开关磁阻电机反步控制器的设计。用MATLAB仿真模块分别建立开关磁阻电机反步控制器模型、开关磁阻电机电流斩波控制器模型和开关磁阻电机直接转矩控制器模型,仿真结果对比表明此方案能够有效地减小转矩、磁链、电流脉动,鲁棒性强,达到了理论预期结果。本文研究对于SRM的应用推广具有重要意义。
[Abstract]:Since the advent of switched reluctance Motor (Switched Reluctance Motor), as a new speed regulation drive system, switched reluctance motor (SRM) is characterized by its simple structure, low cost, high efficiency, excellent speed regulation performance and flexible controllability. More and more people recognize and apply. Has been successfully used in electric vehicle drive system, home appliances, industrial applications, servo systems, high-speed drive, aerospace and other fields, become AC motor speed control system, The double salient structure inherent in DC motor speed control system and brushless DC motor speed governing system leads to its large torque ripple and prominent noise problem, which limits its application in many precision situations. Its doubly salient structure and saturation of magnetic circuit make it a multivariable, nonlinear and strongly coupled system. In order to reduce SRM torque ripple, many control methods have been developed, such as linearization control, variable structure control, iterative learning control, intelligent control theory and so on. This paper takes three-phase 6 / 4 switched reluctance motor as research object, applies backstepping controller to speed loop, torque loop and magnetic chain ring, and presents a control method of switched reluctance motor based on backstepping control (Back Stepping control. The main work is as follows: first, Learn the principle of backstepping control method, understand the characteristics and establishment process of backstepping controller in general nonlinear and strong coupling system, and analyze the feasibility of using backstepping control method in switched reluctance motor speed control system. Secondly, the differences among the linear model, quasi-linear model and nonlinear model of switched reluctance motor are analyzed, and the quasi-linear model is chosen as the basis for the design of the backstepping controller of switched reluctance motor. Then, the speed backstepping controller, the torque backstepping controller and the flux chain backstepping controller are designed according to the backstepping model of the motor. The speed loop and the magnetic chain loop are connected together, and the motor is controlled by double loop. Finally, the voltage PWM controller is selected according to the given voltage value provided by the speed loop, and the current chopper controller is selected according to the given current value provided by the magnetic link. The design of the switched reluctance motor backstepping controller is completed. The MATLAB simulation module is used to establish the switched reluctance motor backstepping controller model, the switched reluctance motor current chopper controller model and the switched reluctance motor direct torque controller model respectively. The simulation results show that this scheme can effectively reduce the torque. Flux, current pulsation, strong robustness, reach the expected theoretical results. The research in this paper is of great significance to the application and popularization of SRM.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TM352

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