大功率斩波补偿式交流稳压器的研究与设计

发布时间：2018-08-24 16:35

【摘要】：随着高新技术的发展,交流稳压器广泛应用于航天技术、军事科技、医疗设备、通信工程和大型实验室,用电设备不仅对交流稳压器的供电质量要求越来越高,而且对交流稳压器输出功率也提出了严格的要求;但传统的交流稳压器存在严重的机械磨损、工作寿命短、输出精度低、动态响应速度慢、抗干扰能力差、以及带负载能力不强等缺点,已不能满足高精度用电设备的需求。针对目前交流稳压器存在的不足,本文设计了一种基于新型数据采集方法的大功率斩波补偿式交流稳压器。鉴于数据采集系统的精度对交流稳压器稳压精度和动态性能产生非常大的影响,在力求系统性价比最大化条件下,根据PWM控制技术的面积等效原理,设计了一种新型的数据采集方法,该方法把输入信号经过调理电路后与固定频率的三角波进行比较放大转换成PWM脉冲信号,同时微处理器通过门控定时器计量PWM脉冲高电平次数,从而快速准确地计算输入信号值。为了增大输出功率,本文运用了交错并联Buck技术,微处理器输出两对互补PWM脉冲信号控制两路交流Buck斩波回路在交替时序下工作,这样流过开关管的电流仅仅是总输出电流的二分之一,在开关管型号不变的情况下,扩大了总输出电流,提高系统带负载能力。本设计通过数据采集模块对输入电压、输出电压、输入电流进行采集,通过微处理器STM32F205计算处理后,调节PWM脉冲信号的占空比来改变补偿电压大小,同时控制桥式双向晶闸管开关顺序改变补偿电压方向,实现对输出电压的正反补偿,调整和稳定输出电压。交流稳压器还通过RS-485总线与上位机进行通信,远程实时管理和监测交流稳压器运行状态,实现了交流稳压器的数字化管理。本设计的大功率交流稳压器具有稳压精度高、抗干扰能力强、动态响应速度快、输出功率大等特点。最后,对样机进行了实验测试,从测试数据来看,该交流稳压器运行稳定,达到了预期的设计目标。
[Abstract]:With the development of high and new technology, AC regulator is widely used in aerospace technology, military science and technology, medical equipment, communication engineering and large laboratory. But the traditional AC regulator has serious mechanical wear, short working life, low output precision, slow dynamic response speed and poor anti-interference ability. It can not meet the demand of high-precision electric equipment because of its weak load capacity. Aiming at the deficiency of AC voltage regulator at present, a high power chopper compensation AC regulator based on new data acquisition method is designed in this paper. In view of the great influence of the precision of the data acquisition system on the voltage stabilization accuracy and dynamic performance of the AC voltage regulator, under the condition of maximizing the cost performance ratio of the system, according to the area equivalence principle of the PWM control technology, A new data acquisition method is designed, which converts the input signal into a PWM pulse signal after the input signal is compared with the fixed frequency triangular wave after conditioning circuit. At the same time, the microprocessor uses a gated timer to measure the number of high level PWM pulses, so that the input signal can be calculated quickly and accurately. In order to increase the output power, the interleaving parallel Buck technology is used in this paper. The microprocessor outputs two pairs of complementary PWM pulse signals to control two AC Buck chopping circuits working in alternating sequence. The current flowing through the switch tube is only 1/2 of the total output current, which expands the total output current and improves the load capacity of the system. The design collects the input voltage, output voltage and input current through data acquisition module, and adjusts the duty cycle of PWM pulse signal to change the compensation voltage after the microprocessor STM32F205 calculation and processing. At the same time, the bridge type bi-directional thyristor switch is controlled to change the direction of compensation voltage sequentially, to realize the positive and negative compensation of output voltage, to adjust and stabilize the output voltage. The AC regulator also communicates with the upper computer through the RS-485 bus, manages and monitors the running state of the AC regulator in real time, and realizes the digital management of the AC regulator. The designed high power AC regulator has the advantages of high voltage stabilization accuracy, strong anti-interference ability, fast dynamic response speed and large output power. Finally, the prototype is tested and the test data show that the AC regulator runs stably and achieves the desired design goal.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TM44

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