表贴式永磁同步电机建模、分析与设计
发布时间：2018-08-28 18:07
【摘要】：表贴式永磁同步电机具有体积小、效率高、转矩密度大等优点，被广泛应用到众多工程领域中，是一类极具发展潜力的节能环保型电机。本文以表贴式永磁同步电机为研究对象，通过对电机磁场和电磁性能进行解析建模，重点分析了设计参数对电机性能的影响机制，并在此基础上对低速大转矩永磁同步电机进行了设计和分析。 磁场计算是进行电机设计的重要步骤之一，也是分析永磁同步电机性能的基础和前提。考虑到定子开槽后表贴式永磁同步电机的设计变量较多、变量间彼此耦合、难以直接获得设计参数与性能之间的映射关系，本文将等效磁路法与磁位解析法相结合，提出一种求解表贴式永磁同步电机空载磁场简化解析建模方法。该方法通过对气隙磁路进行近似，将定子齿槽效应和转子磁极分布分别考虑，降低了建模难度，简化了表贴式永磁同步电机磁场计算过程，实现了定子齿槽效应对气隙与永磁体内磁场分布以及反电势和电磁转矩的影响分析。 齿槽转矩是永磁同步电机研究的重点和难点。为了抑制表贴式永磁同步电机齿槽转矩波动，本文采用辅助槽法对电机结构进行改进，结合子域模型法建立了含辅助槽的表贴式永磁同步电机气隙磁场解析模型，，提出了一种普适性齿槽转矩解析计算方法，获得了齿槽转矩随辅助槽槽深、槽宽、槽数、槽位置等参数的变化规律，同时分析了辅助槽参数对电机电磁转矩和反电势波形的影响。该模型充分考虑了辅助槽与绕组槽以及转子磁极间的耦合作用，可对任意分布的辅助槽永磁同步电机齿槽转矩进行计算和分析，准确度较高。 磁极是永磁同步电机的关键组成部分。针对含不等厚磁极的表贴式永磁同步电机磁极参数难确定的问题，本文采用离散思想和磁场叠加原理对传统子域模型法进行改进，建立含有不等厚磁极的表贴式永磁同步电机磁场、齿槽转矩、反电势以及电磁转矩解析模型，分析了不等厚磁极形状参数对电磁性能的影响机制，并结合粒子群算法对电机的磁极形状进行优化设计。该设计方案有效地改善了气隙磁场分布、减小反电势谐波、削弱电机转矩波动，提高了电机的整体性能。 基于上述理论分析，本文对一台11kW低速大转矩永磁同步电机进行设计。通过对电机设计要求和工况特点进行分析，确定了电机的基本结构和参数。利用计算机辅助设计手段，对电机实现了电磁设计和有限元仿真，并进行了机械结构设计和样机加工，完成了基本实验测试。
[Abstract]:The surface permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) has the advantages of small size, high efficiency and high torque density. It is widely used in many engineering fields. It is a kind of energy-saving and environment-friendly motor with great potential for development. In this paper, the surface permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is taken as the research object. By analyzing the magnetic field and electromagnetic performance of the motor, the influence mechanism of the design parameters on the motor performance is analyzed. On this basis, the design and analysis of low speed and large torque permanent magnet synchronous motor are carried out. Magnetic field calculation is one of the important steps of motor design, and is also the basis and premise of analyzing the performance of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). Considering that the design variables of the stator slotted permanent magnet synchronous motor are many and the variables are coupled with each other, it is difficult to obtain the mapping relationship between the design parameters and the performance directly. In this paper, the equivalent magnetic circuit method is combined with the magnetic potential analysis method. A simplified analytical modeling method for solving the no-load magnetic field of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is proposed. By approximating the air gap magnetic circuit, the stator slot effect and rotor magnetic pole distribution are considered separately, which reduces the difficulty of modeling and simplifies the magnetic field calculation process of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). The effect of stator slot effect on magnetic field distribution, reverse EMF and electromagnetic torque in air gap and permanent magnet is analyzed. Grooving torque is the focus and difficulty of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) research. In order to restrain the torque ripple of tooth slot of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), the auxiliary slot method is used to improve the structure of PMSM, and the analytical model of air-gap magnetic field of PMSM with auxiliary slot is established by using subdomain model method. In this paper, an analytical method for calculating the general slotting torque is presented, and the variation of the torque with the depth, width, number and position of the grooves is obtained. At the same time, the influence of auxiliary slot parameters on the electromagnetic torque and back EMF waveform of the motor is analyzed. The coupling effect between auxiliary slot winding slot and rotor pole is fully considered in this model. The tooth torque of auxiliary slot permanent magnet synchronous motor with arbitrary distribution can be calculated and analyzed with high accuracy. Pole is a key component of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). Aiming at the difficulty of determining the magnetic pole parameters of permanent magnet synchronous motor with different thickness magnetic poles, the traditional subdomain model method is improved by using discrete thought and magnetic field superposition principle. An analytical model of magnetic field, grooving torque, reverse EMF and electromagnetic torque of permanent magnet synchronous motor with different thickness magnetic poles is established, and the influence mechanism of the shape parameters of magnetic pole with unequal thickness on the electromagnetic performance is analyzed. And the particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to optimize the pole shape of the motor. The design scheme can effectively improve the distribution of air gap magnetic field, reduce the back EMF harmonics, weaken the torque ripple of the motor, and improve the overall performance of the motor. Based on the above theoretical analysis, a 11kW low speed and large torque permanent magnet synchronous motor is designed. The basic structure and parameters of the motor are determined by analyzing the design requirements and operating conditions of the motor. The electromagnetic design and finite element simulation of the motor are realized by means of computer aided design, and the mechanical structure design and prototype machining are carried out, and the basic experimental tests are completed.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM341
本文编号：2210163
[Abstract]:The surface permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) has the advantages of small size, high efficiency and high torque density. It is widely used in many engineering fields. It is a kind of energy-saving and environment-friendly motor with great potential for development. In this paper, the surface permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is taken as the research object. By analyzing the magnetic field and electromagnetic performance of the motor, the influence mechanism of the design parameters on the motor performance is analyzed. On this basis, the design and analysis of low speed and large torque permanent magnet synchronous motor are carried out. Magnetic field calculation is one of the important steps of motor design, and is also the basis and premise of analyzing the performance of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). Considering that the design variables of the stator slotted permanent magnet synchronous motor are many and the variables are coupled with each other, it is difficult to obtain the mapping relationship between the design parameters and the performance directly. In this paper, the equivalent magnetic circuit method is combined with the magnetic potential analysis method. A simplified analytical modeling method for solving the no-load magnetic field of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is proposed. By approximating the air gap magnetic circuit, the stator slot effect and rotor magnetic pole distribution are considered separately, which reduces the difficulty of modeling and simplifies the magnetic field calculation process of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). The effect of stator slot effect on magnetic field distribution, reverse EMF and electromagnetic torque in air gap and permanent magnet is analyzed. Grooving torque is the focus and difficulty of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) research. In order to restrain the torque ripple of tooth slot of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), the auxiliary slot method is used to improve the structure of PMSM, and the analytical model of air-gap magnetic field of PMSM with auxiliary slot is established by using subdomain model method. In this paper, an analytical method for calculating the general slotting torque is presented, and the variation of the torque with the depth, width, number and position of the grooves is obtained. At the same time, the influence of auxiliary slot parameters on the electromagnetic torque and back EMF waveform of the motor is analyzed. The coupling effect between auxiliary slot winding slot and rotor pole is fully considered in this model. The tooth torque of auxiliary slot permanent magnet synchronous motor with arbitrary distribution can be calculated and analyzed with high accuracy. Pole is a key component of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). Aiming at the difficulty of determining the magnetic pole parameters of permanent magnet synchronous motor with different thickness magnetic poles, the traditional subdomain model method is improved by using discrete thought and magnetic field superposition principle. An analytical model of magnetic field, grooving torque, reverse EMF and electromagnetic torque of permanent magnet synchronous motor with different thickness magnetic poles is established, and the influence mechanism of the shape parameters of magnetic pole with unequal thickness on the electromagnetic performance is analyzed. And the particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to optimize the pole shape of the motor. The design scheme can effectively improve the distribution of air gap magnetic field, reduce the back EMF harmonics, weaken the torque ripple of the motor, and improve the overall performance of the motor. Based on the above theoretical analysis, a 11kW low speed and large torque permanent magnet synchronous motor is designed. The basic structure and parameters of the motor are determined by analyzing the design requirements and operating conditions of the motor. The electromagnetic design and finite element simulation of the motor are realized by means of computer aided design, and the mechanical structure design and prototype machining are carried out, and the basic experimental tests are completed.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM341
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本文编号：2210163
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