二维多环噻并苯衍生物及其聚合物的合成与研究

发布时间：2018-09-08 18:57

【摘要】：随着传统能源(煤、石油)的逐渐枯竭,人们对能源的需求越来越大,寻求并开发新的可再生能源日益凸显。对太阳能利用是解决人类能源问题的有效途径之一,而太阳能电池是利用太阳能的有效方式之一。有机聚合物太阳能电池(PSCs)以其优异的特点,如价格比较低、柔性好、重量轻、易于修饰等,而备受关注。因此,设计和合成性能优良的聚合物太阳能电池材料对开发和利用太阳能有非常重要的意义。本论文通过对电子给体单元二噻并[2,3-d:2′,3′-d′]苯并[1,2-b:4,5-b′]二噻吩(DTBDT)、苯并[1,2-b:4,5-b′]二噻吩(BDT)进行修饰,合成了新型的具有更大共轭程度的二维多环电子给体单元5,10-双(4,5-二癸基噻吩-2-基)二噻并[2,3-d:2′,3′-d′]苯并[1,2-b:4,5-b′]二噻吩(DTBDT-T)、4,8-双(三异丙基硅乙炔基)苯并[1,2-b:4,5-b′]二噻吩(BDT-TIPS)、4,8-双(4,5-二辛基噻吩-2-基)苯并[1,2-b:4,5-b′]二噻吩(BDT-T)。分别以DTBDT-T、BDT-TIPS、BDT-T为给体单元,选取性能优良的电子受体单元通过Stille反应合成了一系列的Donor-Accpter(D A)型共轭聚合物,并对其性能进行了测试。主要内容包括:1、第二章,在DTBDT的中间苯环上引入烷基噻吩得到二维结构电子给体单元DTBDT-T。选取一些较好的受体单元与该给体单元,通过Stille偶联反应得到了四种共轭聚合物PDTBDT-DTBTC8、PDTBDT-DTFBTC8、PDTBDT-DTBTC12、PDTBDT-DTFBTC12。这些聚合物具有良好的热稳定性,能溶于常见的有机溶剂甲苯和邻二氯苯中。以聚合物PDTBDT-DTFBTC8为给体材料,PC71BM为受体材料制备了能量转换效率为7.12%的光伏器件,其短路电流(Jsc)等于15.10 mA/cm2,开路电压(Voc)为0.73 V。2、第三章,在BDT的4、8位上引入烷基噻吩和三异丙基硅乙炔基(TIPS)侧边基,合成了二维结构的BDT衍生物电子给体单元。并与N,N′-(2-己基癸基)异靛蓝(IDC16)通过Stille偶联反应得到聚合物,即PBDT-T-IDC16和PBDT-TIPS-IDC16。对聚合物的电化学、吸收光谱、发光光谱及热学性质进行了测试,以聚合物PBDT-T-IDC16为给体材料,PC71BM为受体材料制备了能量转换效率为2.41%的光伏器件,其Jsc=4.55 mA/cm2,Voc=0.89 V。3、第四章用4,8-双(三异丙基硅乙炔基)苯并[1,2-b:4,5-b′]二噻吩(PBDT-TIPS)为电子给体单元,分别以苯并[1,2,5]噻二唑(BT)、5,6-双十二烷氧基苯并[2,1,3]噻二唑(BTC12)、5-辛基噻吩[3,4-c]吡咯-4,6-二酮(TAC8)、5-(2-己基癸基)噻吩[3,4-c]吡咯-4,6-二酮(TAC16)为受体单元,通过Stille聚合反应得到了四种D A型共轭聚合物,即PBDT-TIPS-BT、PBDT-TIPS-BTC12、PBDT-TIPS-TAC8、PBDT-TIPS-TAC16,并对四种聚合物的电化学、吸收光谱、发光光谱及热学性质进行了测试。
[Abstract]:With the gradual depletion of traditional energy (coal, oil), the demand for energy is increasing, and the search for and development of new renewable energy is becoming increasingly prominent. Solar energy utilization is one of the effective ways to solve the problem of human energy, and solar cell is one of the effective ways to utilize solar energy. Organic polymer solar cell (PSCs) has attracted much attention for its advantages such as low price, good flexibility, light weight, easy modification and so on. Therefore, the design and synthesis of polymer solar cell materials with excellent performance is of great significance to the development and utilization of solar energy. In this paper, we modify the electron donor unit dithio [2o 3-d: 2tio ~ 3o -d'] benzo [1 ~ (2) b: 4 ~ (5) B'] dithiophene (DTBDT), [1 ~ (2) b: 4 ~ (5-b')] dithiophene (BDT). A novel 2-D multi-ring electron donor unit with greater conjugation degree, 5Bis (4N 5-didecyl thiophene -2-yl) dithio [2o 3-d: 2o 2n 3n -d'] benzo [1o 2-b: 4n 4n 5-b'] dithiophene (DTBDT-T) 48-bis (triisopropylsilyl ethynyl) benzo [1n 2-bw 45-b'] has been synthesized. Dithiophene (BDT-TIPS) 4N 8- Bis (4N 5- dioctylthiophene -2-yl) benzo [1n 2-b: 4n 5-b'] dithiophene (BDT-T). Using DTBDT-T,BDT-TIPS,BDT-T as donor unit, a series of Donor-Accpter (DBA) conjugated polymers were synthesized by Stille reaction and their properties were tested. The main contents include: 1, Chapter 2, introducing alkyl thiophene into the intermediate benzene ring of DTBDT to obtain two-dimensional electron donor unit DTBDT-T. Four kinds of conjugated polymer PDTBDT-DTBTC8,PDTBDT-DTFBTC8,PDTBDT-DTBTC12,PDTBDT-DTFBTC12. were obtained by Stille coupling reaction by selecting some better receptor units and the donor unit. These polymers have good thermal stability and can be dissolved in common organic solvents toluene and o-dichlorobenzene. A photovoltaic device with an energy conversion efficiency of 7.12% was prepared using polymer PDTBDT-DTFBTC8 as donor material and PC71BM as acceptor. The short-circuit current (Jsc) is equal to 15.10 mA/cm2, open circuit voltage (Voc) is 0.73 V. 2. The electron donor units of BDT derivatives with two-dimensional structure were synthesized by introducing alkyl thiophene and triisosilyl acetynyl (TIPS) side groups at the 4 ~ 8 position of BDT. The polymer, that is, PBDT-T-IDC16 and PBDT-TIPS-IDC16., was synthesized by Stille coupling reaction with NN- (2-hexyldecyl) isoindigo (IDC16). The electrochemical, absorption, luminescence and thermal properties of the polymer were measured. Photovoltaic devices with energy conversion efficiency of 2.41% were prepared using polymer PBDT-T-IDC16 as donor material and PC71BM as acceptor. Its Jsc=4.55 mA/cm2,Voc=0.89 V.3, Chapter 4, is an electron donor unit using 4C8-Bis (triisosilyl ethynyl) benzo [1: 2-b: 4o 5-b'] dithiophene (PBDT-TIPS) as the electron donor unit. Four conjugated polymers of D A type were prepared by Stille polymerization using benzo [1H 2N 5] thiadiazol (BT) (5) -didodecoxy benzo [2o 1N 3] thiadiazole (BTC12) 5 octyl thiophene [3n 4-c] pyrrole-4o 6 dione (TAC8) -5- (2-hexyl decyl) thiophene [34-c] pyrrole-4n 6-dione (TAC16) as receptor unit, respectively. The electrochemistry, absorption spectra, luminescence spectra and thermal properties of the four polymers were also measured by PBDT-TIPS-BT,PBDT-TIPS-BTC12,PBDT-TIPS-TAC8,PBDT-TIPS-TAC16,.
【学位授予单位】：兰州交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：O633.5;TM914.4

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