高压输电线路自适应重合闸研究与开发

发布时间：2018-09-09 16:29

【摘要】：目前,我国高压输电线路普遍使用自动重合闸,在一定程度上能够提高供电可靠性,但当重合于永久性故障或者瞬时性故障二次电弧未熄灭时,会导致重合失败而给电力系统带来二次冲击。因此,在重合闸动作前能够确定故障性质和熄弧时间的重合闸方式即自适应重合闸就显得特别重要。本文从输电线路单相接地故障相端电压特征、故障性质识别、瞬时性故障二次电弧熄灭时间确定以及重合闸装置实现方案四方面对自适应重合闸技术展开研究。首先,分析了高压输电线路故障电弧特点,给出了高压输电线路一次电弧和二次电弧数学模型,利用ATP-EMTP的TACS以及MODELS语言搭建了输电线路瞬时性故障及永久性故障的仿真模型,研究了瞬时性故障和永久性故障的故障相端电压特征。其次,利用局部均值分解自适应地将故障相端电压信号分解成若干个具有物理意义的纯调频分量,提取故障电压特定频段信号,避免高频信号及噪声对故障分析的干扰;依据瞬时性与永久性故障断路器跳开后高压输电线路端电压局部极值个数的区别,判别故障性质。理论分析和仿真结果表明,该方法能准确识别故障性质。再次,为了进一步提高重合闸的成功率与缩短停电时间,分析了高压输电线路瞬时性故障二次电弧与恢复电压阶段故障相端电压的频率特征,利用小波提取特定频段的电压信号,根据两电压阶段能量函数比值的区别来确定熄弧时间,并给出了基于熄弧时间的自适应重合闸方案,能够在一定程度上缩短停电时间。最后,提出了基于DSP的高压输电线路自适应重合闸装置的总体设计方案,完成了数据采集、数据处理、数据存储和系统控制等部分的硬件设计,开发了数据采集、处理、串口通讯、人机界面等主要软件功能模块。
[Abstract]:At present, automatic reclosing is widely used in HV transmission lines in China, which can improve the reliability of power supply to some extent, but when the secondary arc is not extinguished when the reclosing occurs in permanent fault or transient fault, It will lead to the failure of the coincidence and bring secondary impact to the power system. Therefore, it is very important to determine the characteristics of the fault and the time of arc extinguishing before the reclosing operation, that is, adaptive reclosing. In this paper, the adaptive reclosing technology is studied from four aspects: phase voltage characteristics, fault character identification, secondary arc extinguishing time determination and reclosing device implementation of single-phase grounding fault of transmission line. Firstly, the characteristics of fault arc of HV transmission line are analyzed, the mathematical models of primary arc and secondary arc of HV transmission line are given, and the simulation model of transient fault and permanent fault of transmission line is built by using TACS of ATP-EMTP and MODELS language. The terminal voltage characteristics of transient and permanent faults are studied. Secondly, local mean decomposition is used to decompose the terminal voltage signal into several pure frequency components with physical significance, and extract the fault voltage signal in specific frequency band to avoid the interference of high frequency signal and noise to the fault analysis. According to the difference of the number of local extremum of terminal voltage between transient and permanent fault circuit breakers, the fault properties are determined. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the method can accurately identify fault properties. Thirdly, in order to further improve the success rate of reclosing and shorten the time of power outage, the frequency characteristics of the terminal voltage of secondary arc and fault phase in the phase of transient fault of high voltage transmission line are analyzed. Based on the difference of the ratio of energy function between two voltage stages, the arc extinguishing time is determined by using wavelet to extract the voltage signal of certain frequency band. An adaptive reclosing scheme based on the arc extinguishing time is presented, which can shorten the outage time to a certain extent. Finally, the overall design scheme of adaptive reclosing device for HV transmission line based on DSP is proposed. The hardware design of data acquisition, data processing, data storage and system control are completed, and data acquisition and processing are developed. Serial communication, man-machine interface and other main software functional modules.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TM75;TM762.2

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