多目标网厂两级负荷优化调度研究

发布时间：2018-09-13 16:26

【摘要】：随着电力市场化进程的日益深入,厂网分开、竞价上网等一系列改革措施的逐步实施,改革传统发电调度方式,开展节能发电调度成为电力系统应对节能减排、保证电力工业可持续发展的重要手段。为此,本文进行了节能发电调度模式下的网厂两级负荷优化调度问题的研究。首先,本文针对火电厂所面临的实际问题,充分考虑发电成本、污染物排放以及负荷调整时间,构建了节能调度模式下的基于经济性、环保性和快速性的多目标厂级负荷优化分配模型。将经典的多目标优化方法中的理想点法和分目标乘除法分别应用于火电厂多目标负荷优化调度问题,实现了多目标问题的单目标转化,采用自适应免疫疫苗算法进行模型求解,在达到较好的优化效果的同时,提高了优化方案的简洁性。其次,考虑的是基于风电功率预测的风火短期联合优化调度问题,通过网内火电机组提供正、负备用容量以应对风电出力的波动性和随机间歇,建立一个以兼顾系统发电成本和环境保护作为目标函数,考虑火电机组出力、升降负荷速率以及最小启停时间,系统有功平衡和备用容量作为约束条件的含风电场电网多目标负荷优化调度模型。针对风电的随机性,对传统的机组优先顺序表构建方法予以改进,综合考虑了机组的经济性以及负荷升降速率。采用启发式搜索方法确定机组组合方式,等比例分配法进行机组间备用容量的分配,为解决风火短期联合优化调度问题提供了新思路。最后,随着风电入网规模的不断增大,鉴于火电的调节能力将不足以弥补风电的随机性与波动性,为此单纯研究风电和火电的联合调度将具有一定的局限性。本文将水电引入风火联合优化调度系统中,分别构建了风电-火电-梯级水电和风电-火电-抽水蓄能电站的短期联合优化调度模型。根据节能发电调度原则,设计了风水火联合优化流程体系,针对梯级水电和抽水蓄能电站各自的运行特点,制定了不同的优化调度策略。实验仿真表明,本文方法能够很好的发挥水电的优势,减轻了火电在应对风电波动以及负荷峰谷差的压力,很好的解决了风电、火电以及水电之间的多电源协调优化问题。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of the process of electricity marketization, the gradual implementation of a series of reform measures, such as the separation of power plants and networks, the bidding for the Internet, and so on, the reform of the traditional power generation dispatching mode and the development of energy-saving generation dispatching have become the response of the power system to energy conservation and emission reduction. The important means to ensure the sustainable development of electric power industry. Therefore, this paper studies the optimal dispatching problem of two-stage load of power plant under the mode of energy-saving generation dispatching. Firstly, in view of the practical problems faced by thermal power plants, this paper takes full account of generation cost, pollutant emission and load adjustment time, and constructs the economy based on energy-saving dispatching mode. Multi-objective load distribution model for environmental protection and rapidity. The ideal point method and sub-objective multiplication and division method of classical multi-objective optimization method are applied to the multi-objective load optimization scheduling problem of thermal power plant respectively. The single-objective transformation of the multi-objective problem is realized, and the adaptive immune vaccine algorithm is used to solve the model. At the same time, the conciseness of the optimization scheme is improved. Secondly, the short-term optimal scheduling problem of wind and fire based on wind power prediction is considered, which provides positive and negative reserve capacity to deal with the fluctuation and random intermittent of wind power output through the thermal power unit in the network. Taking the cost of power generation and environmental protection of the system as the objective function, taking into account the generating capacity of thermal power units, the load rate and the minimum start and stop time, A multi-objective load optimal dispatching model for wind farm power network with active power balance and reserve capacity as constraints is presented in this paper. In view of the randomness of wind power, the traditional construction method of unit priority list is improved, and the economy of the unit and the load rise and fall rate are considered synthetically. The heuristic search method is used to determine the unit combination mode and the equal proportion allocation method is used to allocate the spare capacity among the units, which provides a new idea for solving the problem of combined short-term optimal scheduling of wind and fire. Finally, with the increasing scale of wind power grid, in view of the fact that the regulating capacity of thermal power will not be enough to compensate for the randomness and volatility of wind power, it will be limited to study the joint dispatch of wind power and thermal power. In this paper, hydropower is introduced into the wind-fire joint optimal dispatching system, and the short-term joint optimal dispatching models of wind power, thermal power cascade hydropower station and wind power thermal power pumped storage power station are constructed respectively. According to the principle of energy saving power generation dispatching, the system of wind, water and fire joint optimization process is designed. According to the operation characteristics of cascade hydropower station and pumped storage power station, different optimal dispatching strategies are worked out. The experimental results show that this method can give full play to the advantages of hydropower, lighten the pressure of thermal power in dealing with wind power fluctuation and load peak and valley difference, and solve the problem of multi-power coordination and optimization between wind power, thermal power and hydropower.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TM73

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