变压器绕组光纤温度在线监测系统应用研究

发布时间：2018-09-16 19:41

【摘要】：变压器是电力系统中最重要的电气设备之一，也是导致电力系统事故最多的电气设备之一，其运行状态直接影响电力系统的安全稳定运行。变压器运行过程中有一部分电能转换为变压器的热能，尽管这部分热能相对整个变压器转换的总能量来说很小，但是这部份热能会使变压器产生明显的温升。这个温升将导致变压器绕组绝缘加速老化进而影响变压器使用寿命。近年来，由于变压器绕组局部过热而造成的恶性事故在国内外均有发生。这些事故在给工业生产造成巨大经济损失的同时也对社会造成了巨大的不利影响。因此研究变压器绕组的温度，特别是开展对绕组温度实时在线监测研究具有十分重要的意义。本文首先对变压器各类故障进行细致研究，，分析出绕组超温运行，导致绝缘老化、绕组击穿、烧毁事故在变压器故障中占有相当大的比例。并着重分析了变压器绕组故障的原因及影响因素。其次，对光纤光栅（FBG）绕组测温的原理进行了分析，并将其与目前采用的间接计算测量法、热模拟法绕组温度计法进行了比较。通过实物对比试验，列出八项对比指标，并得出结论变压器绕组光纤温度在线监测系统能够实时直接地测量绕组热点温度，解决了相对于普通绕组温度计温度测量不准以及不能及时反映绕组和油温快速变化的问题。并且光纤温度在线监测系统结构简单，安装方便，可靠性、智能化水平高。最后，将变压器绕组光纤温度在线监测装置在营口花英台变电站的应用及安装方案的优化情况进行了介绍。不但将变压器绕组光纤温度在线监测装置在安装前的检查、安装过程中的工艺控制和安装完成后的试验过程进行了详细分析，还提出通过采用垫块开孔、定位块固定等措施提高系统测温准确度。本文详细阐述了可能导致光纤安装失败及影响测量效果的主要风险点及对应的控制手段，为国内变压器安装绕组在线监测系统提供参考。
[Abstract]:Transformer is one of the most important electrical equipment in power system, and it is also one of the electrical equipments that cause the most accidents in power system. The operation state of transformer directly affects the safe and stable operation of power system. During the operation of the transformer, a part of the electric energy is converted into the heat energy of the transformer. Although this part of the heat energy is small relative to the total energy of the whole transformer, this part of the heat energy will cause the transformer to produce obvious temperature rise. This temperature rise will cause the transformer winding insulation to accelerate aging and affect the transformer service life. In recent years, malignant accidents caused by local overheating of transformer windings have occurred at home and abroad. These accidents not only cause huge economic losses to industrial production, but also have great adverse effects on society. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the temperature of transformer windings, especially the real-time on-line monitoring of winding temperature. In this paper, various kinds of transformer faults are studied in detail, and it is found that the overtemperature operation of the windings leads to the aging of insulation, breakdown of the windings and burning out of the transformers, which accounts for a large proportion of the faults of the transformers. The causes and influencing factors of transformer winding faults are analyzed emphatically. Secondly, the principle of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) (FBG) winding temperature measurement is analyzed and compared with indirect calculation method and thermometer method. Through the physical contrast test, eight contrasting indexes are listed, and it is concluded that the on-line monitoring system of transformer winding fiber-optic temperature can directly measure the winding hot spot temperature in real time. It solves the problem that the temperature measurement of the thermometer is not correct and that the temperature of the winding and oil can not be reflected in time. And the optical fiber temperature on-line monitoring system has the advantages of simple structure, convenient installation, reliability and high intelligence level. Finally, the application of optical fiber temperature on-line monitoring device in Yingkou Huayingtai substation and the optimization of installation scheme are introduced. This paper not only makes a detailed analysis of the on-line monitoring device of transformer winding fiber temperature before installation, the process control during installation and the test process after installation, but also puts forward that by using the pad to open the hole, Positioning block fixation and other measures to improve the system temperature measurement accuracy. This paper describes in detail the main risk points and corresponding control measures which may lead to the failure of the installation of optical fibers and affect the measuring results, which provides a reference for the on-line monitoring system of transformer installation windings in China.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM403.2

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