超临界汽轮发电机组流量特性与能耗分析研究
发布时间：2018-09-17 16:18
【摘要】：随着火电厂节能降耗工作的开展和对机组运行水平要求的提高,深入开展机组能耗分析,进而达到机组优化运行,实现节能降耗,对电厂节能减排有重要指导意义。 主蒸汽流量对机组运行状况、性能监测、过程控制都起着至关重要的作用,应当精确测量。准确把握汽轮机流量特性,是实现机组可靠能耗分析的前提。国内对低参数汽轮机流量特性试验研究较多,对超临界参数汽轮机进行流量特性试验时流量误差较大。利用汽轮机调节级临界压比可以提高流量特性的计算精度,准确得到汽轮机的主蒸汽流量,将流量误差控制在1%以内。 本文以某600MW超临界汽轮机为例,对调节级进行详细地变工况计算,准确得到汽轮机调节级的临界压比。并研究调节级临界压比与流量、反动度和速比之间的关系,分析新蒸汽参数,机组配汽方式,结构尺寸对调节级临界压比的影响。得出级临界压比是只与调节级结构尺寸有关的常数,与新蒸汽参数、机组配汽方式无关。通过与流量特性试验、实际运行数据的对比,验证了临界压比特性计算和分析的准确性。 在此基础上,对某1000MW超临界供热机组建立耗差计算模型,基于热力学法、等效焓降原理定量计算出机组中可控参数,不可控参数偏离基准值所引起的煤耗变化。同时采用炯分析法进行定性研究,从本质上把握能量损失的原因,真正反映出能量损耗的实质,揭示了电厂损失的真实分布规律。 通过与电厂实时数据库连接,可以对热力系统的主要热经济性指标进行实时的在线计算,对影响机组热经济性的运行参数进行连续监督和分析,实时诊断机组的运行能损的分布情况,大大提高了机组运行的经济性。
[Abstract]:With the development of energy-saving and consumption-reducing work in thermal power plants and the improvement of the requirement for the operation level of units, it is of great significance for energy-saving and emission reduction of power plants to carry out in-depth analysis of unit energy consumption so as to optimize the operation of units and achieve energy-saving and consumption-reducing.
The main steam flow plays an important role in the operation condition, performance monitoring and process control of the unit, so it should be measured accurately. Accurate grasp of the flow characteristics of the steam turbine is the premise of realizing the reliable energy consumption analysis of the unit. The calculation accuracy of flow characteristics can be improved by utilizing the critical pressure ratio of turbine regulating stage, and the main steam flow can be obtained accurately, and the flow error can be controlled within 1%.
Taking a 600MW supercritical steam turbine as an example, this paper calculates the critical pressure ratio of the regulating stage in detail and obtains the critical pressure ratio of the regulating stage accurately. The critical pressure ratio is a constant only related to the structural dimension of the regulating stage and has nothing to do with the new steam parameters and the steam distribution mode of the unit.
On this basis, a consumption calculation model for a 1000MW supercritical heat supply unit is established. Based on thermodynamic method and equivalent enthalpy drop principle, the coal consumption changes caused by controllable parameters and uncontrollable parameters deviating from the reference value are calculated quantitatively. The essence of energy loss reveals the true distribution rule of power plant losses.
By connecting with the real-time database of the power plant, the main thermal economic indexes of the thermal system can be calculated on-line in real time, and the operation parameters affecting the thermal economic performance of the unit can be monitored and analyzed continuously. The distribution of the operating energy loss of the unit can be diagnosed in real time, which greatly improves the economic performance of the unit.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM621.3
[Abstract]:With the development of energy-saving and consumption-reducing work in thermal power plants and the improvement of the requirement for the operation level of units, it is of great significance for energy-saving and emission reduction of power plants to carry out in-depth analysis of unit energy consumption so as to optimize the operation of units and achieve energy-saving and consumption-reducing.
The main steam flow plays an important role in the operation condition, performance monitoring and process control of the unit, so it should be measured accurately. Accurate grasp of the flow characteristics of the steam turbine is the premise of realizing the reliable energy consumption analysis of the unit. The calculation accuracy of flow characteristics can be improved by utilizing the critical pressure ratio of turbine regulating stage, and the main steam flow can be obtained accurately, and the flow error can be controlled within 1%.
Taking a 600MW supercritical steam turbine as an example, this paper calculates the critical pressure ratio of the regulating stage in detail and obtains the critical pressure ratio of the regulating stage accurately. The critical pressure ratio is a constant only related to the structural dimension of the regulating stage and has nothing to do with the new steam parameters and the steam distribution mode of the unit.
On this basis, a consumption calculation model for a 1000MW supercritical heat supply unit is established. Based on thermodynamic method and equivalent enthalpy drop principle, the coal consumption changes caused by controllable parameters and uncontrollable parameters deviating from the reference value are calculated quantitatively. The essence of energy loss reveals the true distribution rule of power plant losses.
By connecting with the real-time database of the power plant, the main thermal economic indexes of the thermal system can be calculated on-line in real time, and the operation parameters affecting the thermal economic performance of the unit can be monitored and analyzed continuously. The distribution of the operating energy loss of the unit can be diagnosed in real time, which greatly improves the economic performance of the unit.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM621.3
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