双馈风力发电系统硬件在环测试平台设计与实现
发布时间：2018-09-18 20:50
【摘要】：在人类一次能源日益减少,环境日益恶化的今天,风能作为一种清洁可再生原源受到了全世界的关注。随着技术进步和环境保护事业的发展,风能市场也迅速发展起来。自2004年以来,全球风力发电量翻了一番。预计未来20-25年内,风能发电在商业上将完全可以与火力发电竞争。近年来风力发电市场爆发式增长的局面。因为传统测试平台投资成本高,风机测试验证能源消耗巨大和测试覆盖率低等问题,使风力发电机组无法得到充分测试,无法满足所有工况下的产品性能测试,导致风力发电机组可靠性低,质量缺陷引发各种重大安全事故。传统风力发电测试平台测试覆盖率低,无法实现多个机型兼容一个测试平台等缺陷。安全事故暴露的各种测试盲点,也对风力发电系统测试平台的提出了更高的要求。如何在保证产品的质量的前提下,实现风力发电机组控制代码和算法的自动化测试,开发灵活,多种测试机型可配置的高精度自动化测试平台已经刻不容缓。在此背景下,本文阐述了一种对双馈风力发电系统(Doubly-Fed Induction Generator,简称DFIG)进行测试验证的新型硬件在环测试平台。将已经在汽车电子中得到广泛应用的硬件在环实时仿真测试系统,运用到风力发电系统的测试验证中。本测试平台通过风力发电核心控制器+软件模型,以半实物+半仿真的硬件在环方式实现风力发电系统的测试验证。用软件的方式将风力发电机组的电气部件转换为实时模型,解决了传统风力发电系统实物测试的缺陷,避免了现场实物测试的危险性和对各种风况输入测试条件的依赖;可以灵活的改变测试条件,并且可以实现各种测试机型的快速切换,不仅降低了测试系统的开发成本和测试成本,也提高了产品测试精度和测试覆盖率。文中提到的硬件在环测试平台通过电磁暂态仿真软件Star Sim将被测对象的电气模型转换为Star Sim实时模型。Star Sim实时模型转换为Lab VIEW Express VI,然后转换为可以执行的Lab VIEW代码运行在National Instruments(简称NI)公司基于PXI总线的实时CPU和FPGA硬件平台上。通过硬件接口和被测对象进行物理连接,硬件在环测试平台通过实时仿真将模型中电压和电流信号通过FPGA输出模块提供给被测对象,该被测对象根据接收到的电压和电流信号,提供一个反馈信号给硬件在环系统,进而构成一个闭环。本文的具体研究工作如下:第一,研究硬件在环基本原理,发展历史。明确风力发电系统硬件在环测试平台的研究目的和研究前景。综合分析硬件在环测试系统相较于传统测试平台的优势,了解国内外风电企业和各高校对双馈风力发电系统硬件在环的开发情况。第二,提出风力发电系统硬件在环测试平台设计方案;综合分析国内外对电气模型软件实现的发展和成果。第三,根据设计方案和所要匹配的测试风力发电机型对软件和硬件进行选型。本文主要基于NI公司的Lab VIEW软件和PXI总线的硬件系统作为系统的构成。第四,硬件在环测试平台实现。Lab VIEW完成实时仿真的软件实现;基于PXI总线的FPGA,工业CPU和输入输出模块构成硬件部分,向被测对象的核心控制器提供仿真后的物理信号。第五,硬件在环测试平台实现结果的检验。经过参数的设定后,配合核心控制器实物模拟实际风力发电系统进行仿真。作为本文的成果,双馈风力发电系统硬件在环测试平台已经完成基本功能开发;在性能上,达到了预期的目标。
[Abstract]:With the development of technology and environmental protection, the wind energy market has developed rapidly. Since 2004, the global wind power generation has doubled. It is expected that wind power will be generated in the next 20-25 years. In recent years, the wind power market has witnessed an explosive growth. Because of the high investment cost of traditional test platforms, huge energy consumption and low test coverage, wind turbines can not be fully tested and can not meet the requirements of product performance testing under all operating conditions. The traditional wind power test platform has low test coverage and can not realize the compatibility of multiple wind turbines with one test platform. Under the premise of guaranteeing the quality of the products, it is urgent to realize the automatic test of the control codes and algorithms of the wind turbines, develop flexible and configurable high-precision automatic test platforms for various test models. The hardware-in-the-loop real-time simulation test system, which has been widely used in automotive electronics, is applied to the test and verification of wind power generation system. Testing and validation of wind power generation system. Converting the electrical components of wind turbines into real-time models by software solves the defects of traditional wind power generation system physical testing, avoids the danger of on-site physical testing and the dependence on various wind input test conditions, and can flexibly change the test conditions, and can be implemented. The rapid switching of various test models not only reduces the development cost and test cost of the test system, but also improves the test precision and test coverage of the products. Lab VIEW Express VI is converted to Lab VIEW Express VI, and then converted to executable Lab VIEW code running on the PXI-based real-time CPU and FPGA hardware platform of National Instruments (NI). According to the received voltage and current signals, the tested object provides a feedback signal to the hardware-in-the-loop system, and then forms a closed-loop. The specific research work of this paper is as follows: First, the basic principle of hardware-in-the-loop and the development history of the hardware-in-the-loop are studied. The research purpose and Prospect of the platform are summarized. The advantages of the hardware-in-the-loop test system over the traditional test platform are analyzed comprehensively to understand the development of the hardware-in-the-loop of the doubly-fed wind power generation system in domestic and foreign wind power enterprises and universities. Secondly, the design scheme of the hardware-in-the-loop test platform for the wind power generation system is proposed. The development and achievement of gas model software. Thirdly, the software and hardware are selected according to the design scheme and the type of wind turbine to be matched. This paper is mainly based on the Lab VIEW software of NI company and the hardware system of PXI bus. Fourthly, the hardware-in-the-loop test platform is implemented. Lab VIEW completes the real-time simulation. Software implementation; based on the PXI bus FPGA, the industrial CPU and the input and output module constitute the hardware part to provide the simulated physical signal to the core controller of the tested object. Fifth, the hardware in the loop test platform to verify the results. After the parameters are set, with the core controller to simulate the actual wind power system simulation. As the result of this paper, the hardware-in-the-loop test platform of doubly-fed wind power generation system has completed the basic function development, and achieved the expected goal in performance.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TP274;TM614
[Abstract]:With the development of technology and environmental protection, the wind energy market has developed rapidly. Since 2004, the global wind power generation has doubled. It is expected that wind power will be generated in the next 20-25 years. In recent years, the wind power market has witnessed an explosive growth. Because of the high investment cost of traditional test platforms, huge energy consumption and low test coverage, wind turbines can not be fully tested and can not meet the requirements of product performance testing under all operating conditions. The traditional wind power test platform has low test coverage and can not realize the compatibility of multiple wind turbines with one test platform. Under the premise of guaranteeing the quality of the products, it is urgent to realize the automatic test of the control codes and algorithms of the wind turbines, develop flexible and configurable high-precision automatic test platforms for various test models. The hardware-in-the-loop real-time simulation test system, which has been widely used in automotive electronics, is applied to the test and verification of wind power generation system. Testing and validation of wind power generation system. Converting the electrical components of wind turbines into real-time models by software solves the defects of traditional wind power generation system physical testing, avoids the danger of on-site physical testing and the dependence on various wind input test conditions, and can flexibly change the test conditions, and can be implemented. The rapid switching of various test models not only reduces the development cost and test cost of the test system, but also improves the test precision and test coverage of the products. Lab VIEW Express VI is converted to Lab VIEW Express VI, and then converted to executable Lab VIEW code running on the PXI-based real-time CPU and FPGA hardware platform of National Instruments (NI). According to the received voltage and current signals, the tested object provides a feedback signal to the hardware-in-the-loop system, and then forms a closed-loop. The specific research work of this paper is as follows: First, the basic principle of hardware-in-the-loop and the development history of the hardware-in-the-loop are studied. The research purpose and Prospect of the platform are summarized. The advantages of the hardware-in-the-loop test system over the traditional test platform are analyzed comprehensively to understand the development of the hardware-in-the-loop of the doubly-fed wind power generation system in domestic and foreign wind power enterprises and universities. Secondly, the design scheme of the hardware-in-the-loop test platform for the wind power generation system is proposed. The development and achievement of gas model software. Thirdly, the software and hardware are selected according to the design scheme and the type of wind turbine to be matched. This paper is mainly based on the Lab VIEW software of NI company and the hardware system of PXI bus. Fourthly, the hardware-in-the-loop test platform is implemented. Lab VIEW completes the real-time simulation. Software implementation; based on the PXI bus FPGA, the industrial CPU and the input and output module constitute the hardware part to provide the simulated physical signal to the core controller of the tested object. Fifth, the hardware in the loop test platform to verify the results. After the parameters are set, with the core controller to simulate the actual wind power system simulation. As the result of this paper, the hardware-in-the-loop test platform of doubly-fed wind power generation system has completed the basic function development, and achieved the expected goal in performance.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TP274;TM614
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