新型配网故障指示器研究
发布时间：2018-09-19 08:04
【摘要】：随着社会经济的发展,电力电网于国民经济的重要性越来越突显,电网的智能化及其对事故的快速反应也愈显重要,电网的智能化不仅是整个电力系统现代化的标志,也是我国综合国力的体现。 配电网因覆盖范围广,网络结构复杂,当发生线路故障,特别是单相接地故障时,其故障定位一直都是一个难题。为了帮助维修人员定位故障区段,缩短故障中断时间,故障指示设备现已大量使用于配网中。然而,市面上的故障指示器大多存在两个问题：一些故障指示设备和FTU、DTU等配套安装,借用其精度高的电压电流互感器实现故障判断,当然,这样的成本无疑是很高的；另一些故障指示设备,如故障指示器,可以单独运行于线路上,但是因为它们仅能获取线路电流信息,因此对于单相接地故障无法很好地检测。此外,国内配置故障指示器的做法一般是每隔一小段距离便安设一个,这样的做法不仅耗资巨大,且往往实际的效果提升并不明显。如何在经济性和缩短故障中断时间之间找到一个平衡点,也一直是国内研究的空白。 本文将设计一款全新的故障指示器,既有硬件上的创新设计,也有软件判据上的改进。硬件上设计了电场感应电路,电源供给电路,电流获取电路等；软件判据上,以首半波电流信号为基础,结合电场感应电压,提高单相接地故障判断的准确性；远程通信选择上,提出了无线射频和电力线载波方案相结合的通信方式,克服传统故障指示器通信方案(GPRS)的缺点。另外,本文还研究了故障指示器最优配置问题,对故障指示器安装运行成本及其对缩短故障时间的效用进行综合分析,提出最优配置目标函数,并使用免疫算法进行求解,进行对比研究。在文章的最后,本文利用Matlab的Simulink模块和Proteus软件作了故障指示器仿真,验证故障判别算法和一些电路模块的有效性。
[Abstract]:With the development of social economy, the importance of electric power grid in national economy is more and more prominent, and the intelligence of power grid and its rapid response to accidents are becoming more and more important. The intellectualization of power grid is not only the symbol of the modernization of the whole power system. It is also the embodiment of our country's comprehensive national strength. Because of its wide coverage and complex network structure, the fault location of distribution network is always a difficult problem when line faults occur, especially single-phase grounding faults. In order to help maintainers locate fault section and shorten fault interruption time, fault indication equipment has been widely used in distribution network. However, most of the fault indicators on the market have two problems: some fault indication equipment and FTU,DTU and other matching installation, using its high-precision voltage and current transformer to achieve fault judgment, of course, such a cost is undoubtedly high; Other fault indicating devices such as fault indicators can run on the line separately but because they can only obtain line current information they can not be well detected for single-phase grounding faults. In addition, in China, fault indicators are usually installed at short distances, which is not only costly, but also less effective. How to find a balance between economy and fault interruption time is still a blank in domestic research. This paper will design a new fault indicator, both hardware innovation design and software criterion improvement. The electric field induction circuit, power supply circuit and current acquisition circuit are designed in hardware, and the accuracy of single-phase grounding fault judgement is improved on the basis of the first half wave current signal and electric field induction voltage. In the selection of remote communication, a communication mode combining radio frequency with power line carrier is proposed, which overcomes the shortcoming of traditional fault indicator communication scheme (GPRS). In addition, the optimal configuration problem of fault indicator is studied in this paper. The cost of installation and operation of fault indicator and its utility in shortening fault time are analyzed synthetically, the objective function of optimal configuration is proposed, and the immune algorithm is used to solve the problem. A comparative study was carried out. At the end of the paper, the fault indicator is simulated by using Simulink module and Proteus software of Matlab to verify the validity of fault identification algorithm and some circuit modules.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM76
[Abstract]:With the development of social economy, the importance of electric power grid in national economy is more and more prominent, and the intelligence of power grid and its rapid response to accidents are becoming more and more important. The intellectualization of power grid is not only the symbol of the modernization of the whole power system. It is also the embodiment of our country's comprehensive national strength. Because of its wide coverage and complex network structure, the fault location of distribution network is always a difficult problem when line faults occur, especially single-phase grounding faults. In order to help maintainers locate fault section and shorten fault interruption time, fault indication equipment has been widely used in distribution network. However, most of the fault indicators on the market have two problems: some fault indication equipment and FTU,DTU and other matching installation, using its high-precision voltage and current transformer to achieve fault judgment, of course, such a cost is undoubtedly high; Other fault indicating devices such as fault indicators can run on the line separately but because they can only obtain line current information they can not be well detected for single-phase grounding faults. In addition, in China, fault indicators are usually installed at short distances, which is not only costly, but also less effective. How to find a balance between economy and fault interruption time is still a blank in domestic research. This paper will design a new fault indicator, both hardware innovation design and software criterion improvement. The electric field induction circuit, power supply circuit and current acquisition circuit are designed in hardware, and the accuracy of single-phase grounding fault judgement is improved on the basis of the first half wave current signal and electric field induction voltage. In the selection of remote communication, a communication mode combining radio frequency with power line carrier is proposed, which overcomes the shortcoming of traditional fault indicator communication scheme (GPRS). In addition, the optimal configuration problem of fault indicator is studied in this paper. The cost of installation and operation of fault indicator and its utility in shortening fault time are analyzed synthetically, the objective function of optimal configuration is proposed, and the immune algorithm is used to solve the problem. A comparative study was carried out. At the end of the paper, the fault indicator is simulated by using Simulink module and Proteus software of Matlab to verify the validity of fault identification algorithm and some circuit modules.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM76
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