海岛微网分布式电源容量优化配置及运行控制策略研究

发布时间：2018-10-04 20:22

【摘要】：海岛上风能、太阳能等可再生能源资源丰富，但其具有间歇性和波动性的特点，给系统电源规划和运行调度带来很大困难。柴油发电机出力虽然稳定但发电成本较高且尾气排放严重污染环境。因此，独立海岛微网设计中如何合理配置各种分布式电源容量以保证在满足供电可靠率的基础上，尽可能减少设备投资成本，提高可再生能源利用率，降低柴油发电机燃料费用，成为亟待解决的问题。从日时间尺度来看，，如何在风、光、负荷较强随机波动下优化柴油机出力、合理安排电源备用，使微网既能较好消纳风光负荷波动性，又能实现最优经济运行是实际面临的另一个关键问题。目前，我国近岸海岛的供电主要依靠海底电缆连接陆上电网。海上捕鱼、挖沙等作业极易对海缆造成破坏，而海缆的故障定位和检修难度大、作业时间长，很难快速恢复供电。因此，实现海岛电网并网运行和孤网运行之间平滑切换，保证长岛电网孤网方式下的稳定运行，避免类似故障造成的停电损失，提高长岛地区的供电可靠性，具有重大的意义。论文首先介绍HOMER软件和数学解析法分别配置海岛微网分布式电源容量的方法。数学解析法寻优速度较快，是本文采用的主要方法，其充分考虑各种系统线性约束条件，方便进行灵敏度分析，但难以处理复杂非线性约束。然后研究了考虑风、光和负荷预测误差的经济运行问题。本文假设预测误差满足正态分布，建立了机会约束模型，以储能作为备用弥补实际值与预测值之间的不一致，合理安排储能出力和剩余能量水平，优化柴油机出力，实现最优经济运行。论文最后介绍了海岛微网并网、孤网和并/孤网平滑切换控制策略，以实现并网时平抑联络线功率波动、孤网时维持系统供电质量和海底电缆故障时供电不中断的目的，保证电网在各种工况下的安全稳定运行。
[Abstract]:The island is rich in renewable energy resources such as wind energy and solar energy, but it has the characteristics of intermittency and volatility, which brings great difficulties to the power source planning and operation scheduling of the system. Although the output of diesel generator is stable, the cost of power generation is high and the exhaust gas pollutes the environment seriously. Therefore, in the design of the independent island microgrid, how to reasonably configure the capacity of various distributed power sources to ensure that, on the basis of satisfying the reliability of power supply, the investment cost of equipment is reduced as much as possible, and the utilization rate of renewable energy is improved, Reducing the cost of diesel generator fuel has become an urgent problem. According to the daily time scale, how to optimize the diesel engine output under the strong random fluctuation of wind, light and load, and reasonably arrange the power supply reserve, so that the microgrid can absorb the fluctuation of wind and wind load better, The realization of optimal economic operation is another key problem in practice. At present, the power supply of the coastal islands mainly depends on submarine cables to connect to the land power grid. Fishing and sand dredging on the sea can easily damage the submarine cable, but the fault location and maintenance of the submarine cable is difficult, the working time is long, and it is difficult to restore power supply quickly. Therefore, it is of great significance to realize the smooth switching between the island power grid and the isolated network operation, to ensure the stable operation of the long Island power grid under the isolated network mode, to avoid the power failure loss caused by similar faults, and to improve the power supply reliability in the long Island area. In this paper, HOMER software and mathematical analytic method are introduced to configure the capacity of distributed power generation of island microgrid. The mathematical analytical method is the main method used in this paper, which fully considers the linear constraints of various systems and is convenient for sensitivity analysis, but it is difficult to deal with complex nonlinear constraints. Then, the economic operation problem considering wind, light and load forecasting errors is studied. On the assumption that the prediction error satisfies the normal distribution, an opportunistic constraint model is established, in which the storage energy is used as a reserve to compensate for the inconsistency between the actual value and the predicted value, and the storage capacity and the residual energy level are reasonably arranged to optimize the diesel engine output. To achieve optimal economic operation. Finally, the paper introduces the control strategy of island microgrid, isolated network and parallel / isolated network smooth switching, so as to stabilize the power fluctuation of tie line, maintain the quality of power supply in isolated network and keep the power supply uninterrupted in the event of submarine cable fault. To ensure the safe and stable operation of the power grid under various operating conditions.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM732

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