无刷双馈风力发电机并网控制系统研究

发布时间：2018-10-04 22:42

【摘要】：随着我国环境问题的日益严重。高效、清洁的风电是我国可持续发展战略的重要组成部分。在风力发电领域,无刷双馈电机相比于其它电机存在明显优势,不仅拥有有刷双馈电机的优点:变速恒频发电,变频器容量小。同时由于取消了滑环和电刷,可靠性得到了很大的提升,减少了维护成本。首先,本文阐述了无刷双馈风力发电机的发展背景与应用前景,介绍了国内外关于无刷双馈风力发电机的控制算法的研究现状和存在的问题。其次,分析了无刷双馈电机的运行原理,导出了三相静止坐标系下的无刷双馈电机数学模型。依据转子磁场调制的特点,推导了无刷双馈电机的级联模型。通过坐标变换,获得了在转子机械速旋转坐标系下的无刷双馈电机数学模型,并进行了频率和绕组折算,获得了无刷双馈电机的等效电路。然后,基于等效电路,提出了独立发电模式下无刷双馈发电机的幅频控制算法,可以有效控制无刷双馈风力发电机输出电压的幅值和频率。为满足并网要求,提出了基于移相的相位控制策略,使得无刷双馈发电机的输出电压相位能够追踪上电网电压相位,实现了与电网的柔性连接,有效减小了对电网的冲击。并网后,本文给出了一种简单的基于电流的有功功率控制策略,有效地对无刷双馈风力发电机的有功功率进行了控制,并在此基础上,将常规的下垂控制策略引入到无刷双馈风力发电系统中,使无刷双馈风力发电系统能有效地提供电压和频率支撑,提高了系统电压和频率的稳定性。并利用SIMULINK软件,对整个无刷双馈风力发电系统进行了仿真分析,从原理上验证了上述算法的正确性。最后,搭建了无刷双馈风力发电系统的实验平台。进行了离网和并网实验,并模拟风力发电系统的最大风能追踪特性进行了相关实验。并对实验波形进行了分析,实验的结果很好的证明文中关于无刷双馈风力发电系统控制算法的正确性。
[Abstract]:With the increasingly serious environmental problems in China. Efficient and clean wind power is an important part of sustainable development strategy in China. In the field of wind power generation, brushless doubly-fed machines have obvious advantages over other motors, not only have the advantages of brushless doubly-fed machines: variable speed constant frequency generation, inverter capacity is small. At the same time, the reliability is greatly improved and the maintenance cost is reduced because of the removal of the slider and the brush. Firstly, this paper describes the development background and application prospect of brushless doubly-fed wind turbine, and introduces the research status and existing problems of the control algorithm of brushless doubly-fed wind turbine at home and abroad. Secondly, the operation principle of brushless doubly-fed machine is analyzed, and the mathematical model of brushless doubly-fed machine in three-phase static coordinate system is derived. According to the characteristics of rotor magnetic field modulation, the cascade model of brushless doubly-fed machine is derived. Through coordinate transformation, the mathematical model of brushless doubly-fed machine in rotating coordinate system of rotor mechanical speed is obtained, and the equivalent circuit of brushless doubly-fed machine is obtained by converting frequency and winding. Then, based on the equivalent circuit, an amplitude frequency control algorithm for brushless doubly-fed generator in independent generation mode is proposed, which can effectively control the amplitude and frequency of the output voltage of the brushless doubly-fed wind generator. In order to meet the requirements of grid connection, a phase shift based phase control strategy is proposed, which makes the output voltage phase of the brushless doubly-fed generator track the voltage phase of the upper grid, realizes the flexible connection with the grid, and effectively reduces the impact on the power grid. After grid-connected, a simple active power control strategy based on current is presented, which can effectively control the active power of brushless doubly-fed wind turbine. The conventional droop control strategy is introduced into the brushless doubly-fed wind power generation system. The brushless doubly-fed wind power generation system can effectively provide voltage and frequency support and improve the stability of the system voltage and frequency. The simulation analysis of the whole brushless doubly-fed wind power generation system is carried out by using SIMULINK software, and the correctness of the above algorithm is verified in principle. Finally, the experimental platform of brushless doubly-fed wind power generation system is built. Off-grid and grid-connected experiments were carried out, and experiments were carried out to simulate the maximum wind energy tracing characteristics of wind power generation system. The experimental waveform is analyzed and the experimental results show that the control algorithm of the brushless doubly-fed wind power generation system is correct.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TM315

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