双极性铅酸电池钛基体电镀铅及铅锡合金工艺研究

发布时间：2018-10-05 08:23

【摘要】：铅酸电池因其生产工艺成熟、价格低廉、安全性高等传统的优点，一直以来占据着二次电池市场的重要份额。但铅酸电池本身存在着比容量低等诸多缺点。而双极性铅酸电池的特殊结构则使之具有内阻低，电流密度分布均匀，电池比能量高，比功率高，电池结构紧凑等优点，，很好地吻合了电动汽车与电动自行车对电池的要求。双极性铅酸电池中的关键部件为双极性基板。本文在钛基体上进行电镀铅或铅锡合金，提高镀层与钛基体的结合力，可以得到符合要求的导电基板。 本文首先对钛的前处理方法进行了研究。确定了打磨、除油、水洗、浸蚀、水洗、粗化处理、水洗、活化处理的工艺流程。重点考察了浸蚀方案以得到新鲜钛基体、粗化方案以加强机械结合力、以及活化方案以得到一层有利于显著提高表面结合力的氢化膜。并对粗化方案与活化方案进行优化，以提高效率，最后得到了与镀层结合力好的钛表面。 通过研究不同络合剂与不同添加剂的镀铅体系，确定了以TP-2为添加剂的焦磷酸盐镀铅体系，镀层白亮平整，结合力良好，厚度足够。并且镀液成分简单，容易配制与维护。进一步研究后得到了优化工艺为乙酸铅60-64g/L，焦磷酸钾200-240g/L，TP-22.5-5g/L，阴极电流密度范围：0.5-1.5A/dm2，温度范围：35-45℃，磁力搅拌或搅拌浆搅拌。 在镀铅体系的基础上，添加硫酸亚锡作为锡盐，得到了外观类似于纯铅镀层。优化工艺为乙酸铅62g/L，焦磷酸钾220g/L，硫酸亚锡1.67g/L，TP-22.5g/L，阴极电流密度：1A/dm2，温度：35℃，磁力搅拌或搅拌浆搅拌，得到的镀层锡含量为1.3%。 使用镀铅和镀铅锡钛基板组装了双极性铅酸电池，充放电测试表明，镀覆纯铅镀层的一组在60次循环之后，放电容量保持率仅为22.5%。而镀覆铅锡镀层的一组为80.6%，远远高于前者。
[Abstract]:Lead acid battery has been occupying an important share of secondary battery market because of its traditional advantages such as mature production process, low price and high safety. But lead acid battery itself has many disadvantages such as low specific capacity and so on. The special structure of bipolar lead-acid battery has the advantages of low internal resistance, uniform distribution of current density, high specific energy, high specific power and compact battery structure, which is in good agreement with the requirements of electric vehicle and electric bicycle for batteries. The key component of the bipolar lead acid battery is the bipolar substrate. In this paper, lead or lead-tin alloy was electroplated on titanium substrate to improve the adhesion between the coating and the titanium substrate, and the conductive substrates which meet the requirements could be obtained. In this paper, the pretreatment method of titanium is studied. The processes of grinding, oil removal, washing, erosion, washing, coarsening, washing and activating are determined. Emphasis was placed on the etching scheme to obtain fresh titanium matrix, coarsening scheme to enhance mechanical adhesion, and activation scheme to obtain a hydrogenated film that could significantly improve the surface adhesion. The coarsening scheme and activation scheme were optimized to improve the efficiency. Finally, the titanium surface with good adhesion to the coating was obtained. Based on the study of lead plating system with different complexing agents and additives, the pyrophosphate lead plating system with TP-2 as additive was determined. The coating was white and smooth, with good adhesion and sufficient thickness. And the composition of the bath is simple and easy to be prepared and maintained. After further study, the optimized process was obtained as follows: lead acetate 60-64g / L, potassium pyrophosphate 200-240g / L, TP-22.5-5g / L, cathode current density: 0.5-1.5A / dm2, temperature: 35-45 鈩

本文编号：2252679