风力发电机塔架结构风压数值模拟研究
发布时间：2018-10-19 07:52
【摘要】：风力发电已成为全球众多国家新能源发展的重要组成部分，其迅猛发展带动了风力发电机设计和应用的巨大革新。支撑风力发电设备的塔架结构，是一种高耸、细长的柔性结构，对风荷载非常敏感，其承载能力决定着整个风力机的安全性与正常使用。研究风力发电机塔架结构在风场中的流体特征，分析和研究风力发电机塔架结构所受风压的规律，不仅可为风电塔架结构的工程设计提供荷载取值依据，还可为该类结构的可靠性计算与评估奠定基础，具有重要的实际意义。 论文以内蒙古自治区白云鄂博风电场1.5MW锥筒型风力发电机为原型，利用ANSYS软件建立了额定风速、切出风速、暴风风速三种工况下锥筒型风力发电机的三维风场模型，通过CFD数值模拟计算了风流过锥筒型风力发电机的流场分布情况，在分析塔架周围流体变化、表面风压、风压系数的基础上提出了风压沿塔架高度方向的风压分布规律以及风环境下的塔架体型系数。 考虑地貌对风力发电机塔筒结构的影响，探讨了风力发电机位于六种典型孤立地形（15°，30°，45°的山坡和山脊）上时塔筒结构周围的风速场和风压场分布情况，，通过分析比较建立起平地与山区风压之间的联系，提出爬坡增值系数的取值建议。研究结果表明：坡度从15°增加到45°，山坡和山脊上的塔筒表面风压值均大于平地上塔筒表面风压值；山脊与山坡对坡顶处塔筒表面风压值的影响规律并不一致，坡度为15°时山脊上的塔筒风压大于山坡上的塔筒风压，坡度30°和45°时，山坡处风压则大于山脊处。 在风力发电机锥型塔筒结构受力分析的基础上论文建立了格构式三肢、四肢柱风力发电机塔架结构，通过有限元数值模拟，得出结构表面风压值、塔架周围风速等分布情况，将格构式塔架风压值与塔筒结构相比较，提出了格构式塔架的风载设计建议。 风力发电机锥型塔筒结构在平地与坡地的风压分布规律，以及风力发电机格构式三肢、四肢柱塔架结构周围风场的分布规律可为水平轴风力发电机支撑结构风荷载的设计取值提供一定参考，对今后风力发电机塔架结构的工程设计和革新带来极其重要的理论价值和指导意义。
[Abstract]:Wind power generation has become an important part of the development of new energy in many countries around the world, and its rapid development has led to great innovation in the design and application of wind turbines. The tower structure supporting wind power equipment is a kind of tall slender flexible structure which is very sensitive to wind load and its bearing capacity determines the safety and normal use of the whole wind turbine. The fluid characteristics of wind turbine tower structure in wind field are studied, and the law of wind pressure on wind turbine tower structure is analyzed and studied, which can not only provide a basis for load selection for wind power tower structure engineering design. It can also lay a foundation for the reliability calculation and evaluation of this kind of structure, and has important practical significance. Taking the 1.5MW cone wind turbine of Bayan Obo wind farm in Inner Mongolia Autonomous region as the prototype, using the ANSYS software, the three-dimensional wind field model of the cone tube wind generator under three working conditions, namely rated wind speed, cut out wind speed and storm wind speed, is established. Through CFD numerical simulation, the flow field distribution of wind turbine passing through conical cylinder is calculated, and the change of fluid around the tower and the surface wind pressure are analyzed. Based on the wind pressure coefficient, the wind pressure distribution along the height of the tower and the tower shape coefficient under the wind environment are presented. Considering the influence of geomorphology on the tower and tube structure of wind turbine, the distribution of wind velocity field and wind pressure field around the tower and tube structure on six typical isolated terrain (15 掳, 30 掳, 45 掳hillside and ridge) is discussed. By analyzing and comparing the relationship between the wind pressure of flat land and mountain area, the paper puts forward some suggestions on the value of increment coefficient of climbing slope. The results show that when the slope is increased from 15 掳to 45 掳, the wind pressure on the surface of the tower tube on the hillside and ridge is higher than that on the top of the flat ground, and the influence of the ridge and the hillside on the wind pressure on the surface of the tower at the top of the slope is not consistent. When the slope is 15 掳, the wind pressure on the ridge is greater than that on the hillside, and when the slope is 30 掳and 45 掳, the wind pressure on the hillside is greater than that on the ridge. Based on the analysis of the stress on the conical tower and tube structure of wind turbine, this paper establishes the three-leg and four-limb column tower structure of wind turbine. Through the finite element numerical simulation, the wind pressure on the surface of the structure and the distribution of wind velocity around the tower are obtained. The wind pressure value of lattice tower is compared with that of tower tube, and the wind load design suggestion of lattice tower is put forward. The wind pressure distribution law of the conical tower and tube structure of wind turbine on the flat land and the slope land, and the grid three legs of the wind turbine, The distribution of wind field around the column tower structure can provide a certain reference for the wind load design of the horizontal axis wind turbine supporting structure. It will bring very important theoretical value and guiding significance to the engineering design and innovation of wind turbine tower structure in the future.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM614;TU312.1
本文编号：2280570
[Abstract]:Wind power generation has become an important part of the development of new energy in many countries around the world, and its rapid development has led to great innovation in the design and application of wind turbines. The tower structure supporting wind power equipment is a kind of tall slender flexible structure which is very sensitive to wind load and its bearing capacity determines the safety and normal use of the whole wind turbine. The fluid characteristics of wind turbine tower structure in wind field are studied, and the law of wind pressure on wind turbine tower structure is analyzed and studied, which can not only provide a basis for load selection for wind power tower structure engineering design. It can also lay a foundation for the reliability calculation and evaluation of this kind of structure, and has important practical significance. Taking the 1.5MW cone wind turbine of Bayan Obo wind farm in Inner Mongolia Autonomous region as the prototype, using the ANSYS software, the three-dimensional wind field model of the cone tube wind generator under three working conditions, namely rated wind speed, cut out wind speed and storm wind speed, is established. Through CFD numerical simulation, the flow field distribution of wind turbine passing through conical cylinder is calculated, and the change of fluid around the tower and the surface wind pressure are analyzed. Based on the wind pressure coefficient, the wind pressure distribution along the height of the tower and the tower shape coefficient under the wind environment are presented. Considering the influence of geomorphology on the tower and tube structure of wind turbine, the distribution of wind velocity field and wind pressure field around the tower and tube structure on six typical isolated terrain (15 掳, 30 掳, 45 掳hillside and ridge) is discussed. By analyzing and comparing the relationship between the wind pressure of flat land and mountain area, the paper puts forward some suggestions on the value of increment coefficient of climbing slope. The results show that when the slope is increased from 15 掳to 45 掳, the wind pressure on the surface of the tower tube on the hillside and ridge is higher than that on the top of the flat ground, and the influence of the ridge and the hillside on the wind pressure on the surface of the tower at the top of the slope is not consistent. When the slope is 15 掳, the wind pressure on the ridge is greater than that on the hillside, and when the slope is 30 掳and 45 掳, the wind pressure on the hillside is greater than that on the ridge. Based on the analysis of the stress on the conical tower and tube structure of wind turbine, this paper establishes the three-leg and four-limb column tower structure of wind turbine. Through the finite element numerical simulation, the wind pressure on the surface of the structure and the distribution of wind velocity around the tower are obtained. The wind pressure value of lattice tower is compared with that of tower tube, and the wind load design suggestion of lattice tower is put forward. The wind pressure distribution law of the conical tower and tube structure of wind turbine on the flat land and the slope land, and the grid three legs of the wind turbine, The distribution of wind field around the column tower structure can provide a certain reference for the wind load design of the horizontal axis wind turbine supporting structure. It will bring very important theoretical value and guiding significance to the engineering design and innovation of wind turbine tower structure in the future.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM614;TU312.1
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