高性能电极材料及新型非对称超级电容器的研究
发布时间：2018-10-23 07:11
【摘要】：随着社会的进步，人类对能源的需求飞速增长。目前常见的能量存储器件主要包括电池和电容器两种，而超级电容器又称为电化学电容器，是介于传统电容器和电池之间的新型电化学储能器件，具有比充电电池高的功率密度、比传统电容器高的能量密度特性。虽然超级电容器充放电速度快、循环寿命长和环境友好，但是如何获得更高的能量密度，同时保持优异的循环稳定性和低的生产成本成为超级电容器进一步发展所面临的挑战。本论文的工作围绕着提高电容器比电容和拓宽工作电位窗口两方面展开。首先我们从决定电容器性能的关键因素—电极材料入手，创新性地采用等离子体增强化学气相沉积结合电沉积方法制备了电化学性能优异的氢氧化钴/石墨烯纳米片（GNS）复合电极材料；探究了碳纳米材料的形貌、结晶度对氢氧化钴赝电容性能的影响机制；构建了新型的正负电极体系：正电极体系Co(OH)2/GNS-KOH/K3Fe(CN)6，负电极体系AC/碳纸-KOH/PPD，，新型的电极体系实现了高的比电容和优异的循环稳定性；将Co(OH)2/GNS-KOH/K3Fe(CN)6和AC/碳纸-KOH/PPD分别作为正负极并加以匹配，组装成新型的非对称式超级电容器，实现了高的比电容和宽的工作电位窗口，并探讨和研究了单体性质。
[Abstract]:With the progress of society, the demand for energy is increasing rapidly. At present, the common energy storage devices mainly include batteries and capacitors, and supercapacitors, also called electrochemical capacitors, are new electrochemical energy storage devices between conventional capacitors and batteries. It has higher power density than rechargeable battery and higher energy density than traditional capacitor. Although supercapacitors have high charge and discharge speed, long cycle life and environmental friendliness, how to obtain higher energy density, while maintaining excellent cycle stability and low production cost, has become a challenge for the further development of supercapacitors. The work of this paper is focused on improving the capacitance of capacitors and widening the working potential window. First of all, we start with the key factor that determines the performance of capacitors-electrode materials. The cobalt hydroxide / graphene nanochip (GNS) composite electrode materials with excellent electrochemical properties were prepared by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PCVD) combined with electrodeposition. The mechanism of the effect of crystallinity on the properties of cobalt hydroxide pseudo-capacitance was studied, and a new type of positive and negative electrode system was constructed: the positive electrode system Co (OH) 2/GNS-KOH/K3Fe (CN) 6, the negative electrode system AC/ carbon paper-new type electrode system realized high specific capacitance and excellent cycle stability. Co (OH) 2/GNS-KOH/K3Fe (CN) 6 and AC/ carbon paper-KOH/PPD were used as positive and negative electrodes respectively to assemble new asymmetric supercapacitors to realize high specific capacitance and wide working potential window. The properties of monomers were discussed and studied.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM53;TB383.1
本文编号：2288448
[Abstract]:With the progress of society, the demand for energy is increasing rapidly. At present, the common energy storage devices mainly include batteries and capacitors, and supercapacitors, also called electrochemical capacitors, are new electrochemical energy storage devices between conventional capacitors and batteries. It has higher power density than rechargeable battery and higher energy density than traditional capacitor. Although supercapacitors have high charge and discharge speed, long cycle life and environmental friendliness, how to obtain higher energy density, while maintaining excellent cycle stability and low production cost, has become a challenge for the further development of supercapacitors. The work of this paper is focused on improving the capacitance of capacitors and widening the working potential window. First of all, we start with the key factor that determines the performance of capacitors-electrode materials. The cobalt hydroxide / graphene nanochip (GNS) composite electrode materials with excellent electrochemical properties were prepared by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PCVD) combined with electrodeposition. The mechanism of the effect of crystallinity on the properties of cobalt hydroxide pseudo-capacitance was studied, and a new type of positive and negative electrode system was constructed: the positive electrode system Co (OH) 2/GNS-KOH/K3Fe (CN) 6, the negative electrode system AC/ carbon paper-new type electrode system realized high specific capacitance and excellent cycle stability. Co (OH) 2/GNS-KOH/K3Fe (CN) 6 and AC/ carbon paper-KOH/PPD were used as positive and negative electrodes respectively to assemble new asymmetric supercapacitors to realize high specific capacitance and wide working potential window. The properties of monomers were discussed and studied.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM53;TB383.1
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本文编号：2288448
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