垃圾焚烧发电项目温室气体减排计算方法应用研究

发布时间：2018-10-23 15:15

【摘要】：“低碳”问题是当今世界关注的热点，也是人类社会共同面对的挑战。能源约束和气候变化是低碳问题的主导因素，相应的节能减排成为了“低碳”问题主要的解决方案。随着《京都议定书》的签订，，温室气体减排得到迅速发展，特别是CDM项目的开展，使碳的减排量成为一种新的商品。我国政府正在探索一条符合自身实际国情的碳交易市场发展路径，积极应对气候变化，将节约能源和应对气候变化作为社会发展的重大战略方针。垃圾焚烧发电项目具有良好的经济效益和社会效益，既可以降低垃圾处理的温室气体排放量，又可以将垃圾作为能源得到有效利用。垃圾焚烧发电将在国家“十二五”期间得到大力推广。本文以垃圾焚烧发电项目温室气体减排计算方法作为研究对象。首先，对国内外垃圾处理现状及技术进行了综述；其次，对垃圾焚烧发电产业进行了分析，提出了相应的发展对策和建议；然后，对生命周期评价法(LCA)和CDM方法学ACM0022进行了解读，研究了计算方法的适用性和计算过程；最后，针对具体案例，分别采用LCA和CDM方法学ACM0022对垃圾焚烧发电项目温室气体减排量进行了计算，根据计算结果探讨了这两种计算方法在我国的适用性，并进一步分析了影响温室气体减排量的因素。研究结果表明：垃圾焚烧发电项目可以产生较高的温室气体减排量；LCA与CDM方法学均适用于垃圾焚烧发电项目减排量计算，但适用条件不同。CDM方法学更适用于“可报告，可监测，可核查”的项目碳交易方式；垃圾焚烧发电项目中温室气体减排量的影响因素主要包括垃圾处理量，垃圾含水率以及锅炉效率。本文的研究为我国垃圾焚烧发电项目温室气体减排的计算提供了参考，进一步完善了“可报告、可监测、可核查”的碳市场交易体系。
[Abstract]:Low-carbon problem is the focus of attention in the world today, and it is also a common challenge to human society. Energy constraints and climate change are the leading factors of low-carbon problem, and the corresponding energy saving and emission reduction become the main solution to the low-carbon problem. With the signing of Kyoto Protocol, greenhouse gas emission reduction has been developed rapidly, especially with the development of CDM project, which makes carbon emission reduction a new commodity. Our government is exploring a development path of carbon trading market in accordance with its own actual conditions, actively dealing with climate change, and taking energy conservation and climate change as the major strategic policy of social development. The waste incineration power generation project has good economic and social benefits. It can not only reduce the greenhouse gas emissions from waste disposal, but also make effective use of garbage as energy. Waste incineration power generation will be vigorously promoted during the "12 th five-year Plan" period. In this paper, the calculation method of greenhouse gas emission reduction in MSW incineration power generation project is taken as the research object. Firstly, the current situation and technology of waste disposal at home and abroad are summarized. Secondly, the industry of waste incineration power generation is analyzed, and the corresponding development countermeasures and suggestions are put forward. The life cycle evaluation method (LCA) and the CDM methodology ACM0022 are interpreted, and the applicability and calculation process of the calculation method are studied. The LCA and CDM methodology ACM0022 were used to calculate the greenhouse gas emission reduction in MSW incineration power generation project. The applicability of the two methods in China was discussed according to the results of the calculation, and the factors affecting the greenhouse gas emission reduction were further analyzed. The results show that: the MSW incineration power generation project can produce high greenhouse gas emission reduction, and both LCA and CDM methodologies are applicable to the calculation of emission reduction in MSW incineration power generation projects, but the applicable conditions are different. CDM methodology is more suitable for "reportable," The main factors affecting greenhouse gas emission reduction in MSW incineration power generation project include waste disposal amount, waste moisture content and boiler efficiency. The research in this paper provides a reference for the calculation of greenhouse gas emission reduction in the waste incineration power generation project in China, and further improves the carbon market trading system of "reportable, monitored and verifiable".
【学位授予单位】：河北工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：X773

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