基于聚吡咯的柔性复合材料的制备及其电容性能研究
发布时间：2018-10-23 21:06
【摘要】：超级电容器又被称为电化学电容器,是一种介于传统电容器和二次电池之间的新型储能器件。由于具有功率密度高、循环寿命长、快速充放电,使用温度范围宽,绿色环保等特性,在许多领域都有广泛的应用。随着便携式电子产品在日常生活中变得越来越普遍,开发一种同时具有超薄性、柔韧性、轻便性、环保性等优点的高效电化学电容器成为当前研究的热点之一。电极材料是电化学电容器的重要成分之一,它决定着电容器的主要性能指标。在制备超级电容器电极材料的过程中,承载着电活性物质的基底材料同样占据着重要的地位。本文以聚吡咯、碳纳米管和石墨烯为电活性材料,通过简单的原位气相聚合和浸渍方法将活性材料负载于不同的柔性基底上,制备出柔软的导电复合材料,并对材料的电容性能进行研究。(1)首先利用浸泡-干燥的方法把碳纳米管负载在三聚氰胺海绵上,制成碳纳米管/三聚氰胺复合膜材料,再将制得的膜吸附上三氯化铁-乙腈溶液,然后在室温下通过原位化学氧化聚合法制备聚吡咯/碳纳米管/三聚氰胺复合材料。为了增加复合材料的导电性,再一次把碳纳米管负载于复合材料聚吡咯/碳纳米管/三聚氰胺之上,从而制得复合材料碳纳米管/聚吡咯/碳纳米管/三聚氰胺。通过电子扫描显微镜(SEM)观察形貌,X-射线衍射(XRD)对复合物的组成进行表征,用循环伏安法(CV),恒电流充放电(CD),和电化学阻抗(EIS)研究其电容性能。结果表明,复合材料碳纳米管/聚吡咯/碳纳米管/三聚氰胺具有更好的电容性能,整个电极的比电容为184F g-1,而基于活性物质的最大比电容可达到262 F g-1。(2)首先将无纺布浸泡在已经配制好的氧化石墨烯(GO)和盐酸羟胺的混合溶液中,取出并置于130℃的烘箱中利用盐酸羟胺把GO还原为石墨烯(rGO),得到复合薄膜材料石墨烯/无纺布,再把复合薄膜浸泡在作为氧化剂的三氯化铁-乙腈溶液中,取出后,在室温下通过原位化学氧化聚合法制备出复合材料聚吡咯/石墨烯/无纺布,最后利用浸泡-干燥的方法使得碳纳米管负载在聚吡咯上得到复合材料碳纳米管/聚吡咯/石墨烯/无纺布,通过X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和SEM对复合材料的元素和表面形貌进行分析。通过CV,CD,和EIS法研究了复合材料的电容性能。结果表明,复合材料碳纳米管/聚毗咯/石墨烯/无纺布更适合用于柔性电化学电容器的电极材料,最大比电容可达319 Fg-1,而且循环稳定性好,扫描速度80 mV s-1时,经过1000圈的循环与初始比电容相比,仅下降了5.5%。
[Abstract]:Supercapacitors, also called electrochemical capacitors, are new energy storage devices between conventional capacitors and secondary batteries. Because of its high power density, long cycle life, rapid charge and discharge, wide temperature range, green environmental protection and so on, it has been widely used in many fields. With the increasing popularity of portable electronic products in daily life, the development of an efficient electrochemical capacitor with the advantages of ultra-thin, flexible, portable and environmentally friendly has become one of the hot spots in the current research. Electrode material is one of the important components of electrochemical capacitors, which determines the main performance of capacitors. In the process of preparing electrode materials for supercapacitors, the substrate materials carrying electrically active substances also occupy an important position. In this paper, using polypyrrole, carbon nanotubes and graphene as electrically active materials, soft conductive composites were prepared by in situ vapor phase polymerization and impregnation. The capacitive properties of the materials were studied. (1) carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were loaded on melamine sponge by soaking and drying method to make carbon nanotubes / melamine composite membrane materials. The membranes were adsorbed on ferric chloride-acetonitrile solution and then polypyrrole / carbon nanotubes / melamine composites were prepared by in situ chemical oxidation polymerization at room temperature. In order to increase the electrical conductivity of the composites, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were once again loaded on the polypyrrole / carbon nanotubes (CNTs) / melamine (melamine), and the composite carbon nanotubes (CNTs) / polypyrrole / CNTs / melamine were prepared. The composition of the composite was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The capacitive properties of the composite were investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV),) constant current charge-discharge (CD), and electrochemical impedance (EIS) (EIS). The results show that the composite carbon nanotubes / polypyrrole / carbon nanotubes / melamine have better capacitive properties. The specific capacitance of the whole electrode is 184F g-1, while the maximum specific capacitance based on active substances can reach 262F g-1. (2) the non-woven cloth is first immersed in the mixed solution of graphene oxide (GO) and hydroxylamine hydrochloride, which has been prepared. GO was reduced to graphene (rGO), by hydroxylamine hydrochloride in oven at 130 鈩，
本文编号：2290462
[Abstract]:Supercapacitors, also called electrochemical capacitors, are new energy storage devices between conventional capacitors and secondary batteries. Because of its high power density, long cycle life, rapid charge and discharge, wide temperature range, green environmental protection and so on, it has been widely used in many fields. With the increasing popularity of portable electronic products in daily life, the development of an efficient electrochemical capacitor with the advantages of ultra-thin, flexible, portable and environmentally friendly has become one of the hot spots in the current research. Electrode material is one of the important components of electrochemical capacitors, which determines the main performance of capacitors. In the process of preparing electrode materials for supercapacitors, the substrate materials carrying electrically active substances also occupy an important position. In this paper, using polypyrrole, carbon nanotubes and graphene as electrically active materials, soft conductive composites were prepared by in situ vapor phase polymerization and impregnation. The capacitive properties of the materials were studied. (1) carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were loaded on melamine sponge by soaking and drying method to make carbon nanotubes / melamine composite membrane materials. The membranes were adsorbed on ferric chloride-acetonitrile solution and then polypyrrole / carbon nanotubes / melamine composites were prepared by in situ chemical oxidation polymerization at room temperature. In order to increase the electrical conductivity of the composites, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were once again loaded on the polypyrrole / carbon nanotubes (CNTs) / melamine (melamine), and the composite carbon nanotubes (CNTs) / polypyrrole / CNTs / melamine were prepared. The composition of the composite was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The capacitive properties of the composite were investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV),) constant current charge-discharge (CD), and electrochemical impedance (EIS) (EIS). The results show that the composite carbon nanotubes / polypyrrole / carbon nanotubes / melamine have better capacitive properties. The specific capacitance of the whole electrode is 184F g-1, while the maximum specific capacitance based on active substances can reach 262F g-1. (2) the non-woven cloth is first immersed in the mixed solution of graphene oxide (GO) and hydroxylamine hydrochloride, which has been prepared. GO was reduced to graphene (rGO), by hydroxylamine hydrochloride in oven at 130 鈩，
本文编号：2290462
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