永磁同步电机特性测试系统设计与实现
发布时间：2018-10-30 20:51
【摘要】：在专业工程领域，，机械设备经常采用永磁同步电机作为驱动源以提供动力，永磁同步电机的性能则将直接影响到这些装置的驱动稳定性。而由于专业设备使用环境的复杂性和特殊性，对于电机特性测试系统的高精度、高稳定性的要求使得以往的测试系统已经难以符合要求，迫切需要研制一种新的电机特性测试系统。 针对以上问题，为了对作为驱动设备的永磁同步电机的参数和特性进行高精度和自动化测量，开发了一套新的永磁同步电机测试系统。本课题便主要研究了针对永磁同步电机的自动化测试系统的设计与实现。 首先，详细介绍了当前电机特性测试的基本原理和测试方法。针对电机的不同参数给出了相应的测试数学原理。然后由于扭矩-转速特性对于永磁同步电机特性测试的至关重要性，文章单独针对电机扭矩-转速这一特性的测试进行了详细的原理说明。这些为之后的系统硬件和软件设计以及实验研究奠定了坚实的理论基础。 然后，从项目的实际需求出发，进行了电机特性测试系统的总体框架设计。具体描述了各个模块的功能和相应的性能指标要求，并根据相应的指标要求进行了硬件设备的选型。之后又分别阐述了系统硬件平台和软件平台的整体设计。在总体设计的基础上，开展了详细的硬件平台设计，包括硬件各子模块设计和电机控制设计。在实现了硬件设计之后，又分别从软件的功能模块设计、流程设计和界面设计等多个方面进行上位机软件部分的详细设计。其中软件的关键功能模块包括：电机控制与监测模块、数据采集模块、数据分析曲线拟合模块和方案自动化测试模块等。 最后，在电机特性数据的拟合分析处理中，本文首先指出了传统电机特性曲线拟合算法的最小二乘法一些不足之处，如在拟合过程中,多项式的阶次需要试算，用的正交多项式指数太小会影响拟合度等。采用了移动最小二乘法这种新的算法来拟合电机曲线，这是因为移动最小二乘法可以很好地克服以上最小二乘法的缺陷，使拟合出来的试验曲线更接近电机特性的真正实际曲线。这符合电机特性测试系统的项目需求，系统拟合出来的曲线更加接近电机本身真正的特性，使测试系统具有更高的精度和鲁棒性。
[Abstract]:In the field of professional engineering, the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is often used as the driving source to provide power, and the performance of PMSM will directly affect the driving stability of these devices. Because of the complexity and particularity of the professional equipment using environment, the requirement of high precision and high stability for the motor characteristic test system makes it difficult for the former test system to meet the requirements. It is urgent to develop a new testing system for motor characteristics. In order to measure the parameters and characteristics of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) as a driver, a new PMSM testing system is developed. This paper mainly studies the design and implementation of the automatic test system for permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). Firstly, the basic principle and testing method of motor characteristic test are introduced in detail. According to the different parameters of the motor, the corresponding test mathematical principle is given. Then because of the importance of torque-speed characteristic to PMSM performance testing, this paper gives a detailed explanation of the principle of the testing of the torque-rotational speed characteristic of PMSM. These lay a solid theoretical foundation for the subsequent hardware and software design and experimental research. Then, according to the actual requirements of the project, the overall frame design of the motor characteristic testing system is carried out. The function of each module and the corresponding performance requirements are described in detail, and the selection of hardware equipment is carried out according to the corresponding requirements. After that, the whole design of the hardware platform and the software platform of the system are expounded respectively. On the basis of the overall design, the detailed hardware platform design, including the hardware sub-module design and motor control design. After the hardware design is realized, the software part is designed in detail from the following aspects: function module design, flow design, interface design and so on. The key function modules of the software include: motor control and monitoring module, data acquisition module, data analysis curve fitting module and scheme automation test module. Finally, in the analysis and processing of motor characteristic data, this paper first points out some shortcomings of the least square method of the traditional motor characteristic curve fitting algorithm, for example, in the process of fitting, the order of the polynomial needs to be tried. The orthogonal polynomial exponent used is too small to affect the fitting degree and so on. The moving least square method is used to fit the motor curve because the moving least square method can overcome the defects of the above least square method. The fitting test curve is closer to the real curve of motor characteristics. This is in line with the project requirements of the motor characteristic test system, and the curve fitted out by the system is closer to the real characteristics of the motor itself, which makes the test system have higher accuracy and robustness.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM341
本文编号：2301150
[Abstract]:In the field of professional engineering, the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is often used as the driving source to provide power, and the performance of PMSM will directly affect the driving stability of these devices. Because of the complexity and particularity of the professional equipment using environment, the requirement of high precision and high stability for the motor characteristic test system makes it difficult for the former test system to meet the requirements. It is urgent to develop a new testing system for motor characteristics. In order to measure the parameters and characteristics of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) as a driver, a new PMSM testing system is developed. This paper mainly studies the design and implementation of the automatic test system for permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). Firstly, the basic principle and testing method of motor characteristic test are introduced in detail. According to the different parameters of the motor, the corresponding test mathematical principle is given. Then because of the importance of torque-speed characteristic to PMSM performance testing, this paper gives a detailed explanation of the principle of the testing of the torque-rotational speed characteristic of PMSM. These lay a solid theoretical foundation for the subsequent hardware and software design and experimental research. Then, according to the actual requirements of the project, the overall frame design of the motor characteristic testing system is carried out. The function of each module and the corresponding performance requirements are described in detail, and the selection of hardware equipment is carried out according to the corresponding requirements. After that, the whole design of the hardware platform and the software platform of the system are expounded respectively. On the basis of the overall design, the detailed hardware platform design, including the hardware sub-module design and motor control design. After the hardware design is realized, the software part is designed in detail from the following aspects: function module design, flow design, interface design and so on. The key function modules of the software include: motor control and monitoring module, data acquisition module, data analysis curve fitting module and scheme automation test module. Finally, in the analysis and processing of motor characteristic data, this paper first points out some shortcomings of the least square method of the traditional motor characteristic curve fitting algorithm, for example, in the process of fitting, the order of the polynomial needs to be tried. The orthogonal polynomial exponent used is too small to affect the fitting degree and so on. The moving least square method is used to fit the motor curve because the moving least square method can overcome the defects of the above least square method. The fitting test curve is closer to the real curve of motor characteristics. This is in line with the project requirements of the motor characteristic test system, and the curve fitted out by the system is closer to the real characteristics of the motor itself, which makes the test system have higher accuracy and robustness.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM341
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 王艳芳;电机特性曲线拟合技术的探索[J];电动工具;1999年04期
本文编号：2301150
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