适用于系统分析的风电与光伏降阶模型研究

发布时间：2018-11-06 10:15

【摘要】：随着风力发电与光伏发电装机容量的不断增大,新能源并网研究成为当前关注的热点,而开发适合系统分析用风电和光伏模型是开展这些研究的基础和关键。因此,本文对风电模型降阶方法、标准化模型、模型衍变机理、光伏降阶模型及光伏接入系统分析进行了深入研究。本文首先系统地论述了双馈风电机组模型的降阶方法,主要针对发电机、变流器模型进行降阶,对于发电机模型,详细分析了由电磁全阶模型到电磁简化模型最后到机电暂态模型的衍变过程。通过机理建模的方法,针对风电模型中动态响应最快、计算最耗时的发电机和变流器部分进行重点分析,忽略发电机定子磁链暂态过程、逆变器开关动作和逆变器内环控制等快速动态过程的影响,对关键部分进行了降阶处理,通过详细的理论推导,得到适用于系统分析的双馈风电机组通用降阶模型。最后,在风速扰动和电网故障两种情况下将降阶模型与电磁全阶模型进行仿真对比。跟踪了国际化学术组织对风电模型的研究进展,分析了通用型风电模型的发展与衍变,对WECC第一版、WECC第二版和IEC三种风电标准化模型进行了详细比较,包括模型的主要结构差异与参数对应关系。并对三种标准化模型进行对比分析。对于光伏模型降阶,通过详细的理论推导,简化光伏电磁模型中较为耗时的元件——逆变器,将其简化为一阶惯性环节,此外考虑其控制特性,基于注入功率法建立了适用于系统分析的光伏降阶模型,包括光伏电池模块、逆变器控制模块、MPPT控制模块、并网模块和保护模块,并给出了光伏发电系统各个模块之间的变量传递关系。通过光伏电站接入实际电网验证了所建的光伏降阶模型的正确性。
[Abstract]:With the increasing of installed capacity of wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation, the research of grid connection of new energy has become a hot topic at present, and the development of wind power and photovoltaic model suitable for system analysis is the basis and key of these studies. Therefore, the wind power model reduction method, standardized model, model evolution mechanism, photovoltaic reduction model and photovoltaic access system analysis are deeply studied in this paper. Firstly, this paper systematically discusses the method of reducing the order of the model of doubly-fed wind turbine, mainly aiming at the model of generator and converter, and for the model of generator. The evolution process from the full order electromagnetic model to the simplified electromagnetic model and to the electromechanical transient model is analyzed in detail. Through the method of mechanism modeling, the dynamic response of wind power model is the fastest and the most time-consuming part of generator and converter is analyzed, and the transient process of generator stator flux is ignored. Because of the influence of inverter switching operation and inverter inner loop control, the order reduction model of doubly-fed wind turbine is obtained through detailed theoretical derivation. Finally, the reduced order model and the full order electromagnetic model are simulated and compared in the case of wind speed disturbance and power network fault. The research progress of wind power models in international academic organizations is followed, and the development and evolution of general wind power models are analyzed. The first edition of WECC, the second edition of WECC and the three kinds of standardized models of wind power generation are compared in detail. Including the main structural differences of the model and the corresponding relationship between the parameters. Three standardized models are compared and analyzed. For photovoltaic model reduction, the inverter, which is a time-consuming component in the photovoltaic electromagnetic model, is simplified to a first-order inertial link by detailed theoretical derivation, and its control characteristics are considered. Based on the injection power method, a photovoltaic reduced-order model is established for system analysis, including photovoltaic cell module, inverter control module, MPPT control module, grid-connected module and protection module. The variable transfer relation between modules of photovoltaic system is also given. The correctness of the reduced order photovoltaic model is verified by connecting the photovoltaic power station to the actual grid.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TM61

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