基于分布式电源选址与储能控制优化的微网经济运行研究

发布时间：2018-11-09 12:51

【摘要】：微电网是促进分布式电源大规模应用的有效途径之一。微电网运行经济性的提高能够为其未来的发展和推广奠定基础。微电网经济运行研究当中,通过分布式电源选址定容优化能够降低线路的损耗,然而现有研究的侧重点主要是分析对配电网网损的影响,对微电网内部网损影响的研究并不完善；另外,传统基于集中控制的储能优化方法随着微电网规模的扩大控制难度也会逐渐增加,有一定的局限性,而分散控制则能满足微电网未来发展的需求。因此,本论文将针对上述两个方面展开研究。首先,本论文分析了光伏发电系统、蓄电池系统以及微电网线路损耗的数学模型,并构建了光伏发电系统和蓄电池系统的SIMULINK仿真模型。验证了光伏系统基于占空比扰动观察法的最大功率跟踪控制方法和蓄电池恒母线电压充放电策略的有效性。其次,结合本论文分析的微电网线路损耗模型与求解目标、约束条件等构建了分布式电源选址定容优化的数学模型。运用免疫算法对模型进行求解,并编写程序在MATLAB中进行了仿真验证。最后,运用小波神经网络算法对微电网中分布式电源发电值以及系统负载值进行短期预测,在此基础上建立了一种基于蓄电池荷电状态、实时电价、分布式电源当前发电和负载功率以及未来短期发电负载预测功率的模糊控制策略,并通过SIMULINK进行了仿真验证。研究结果表明,本文设计的基于免疫算法的分布式电源选址定容优化方法与基于模糊控制的储能系统充放电优化算法可提高微电网运行的经济性。其中,分布式电源经选址定容优化之后能够使微电网内部线路总长度降低58.9%,总网损由3.9%下降至0.539%；储能系统充放电优化后能够利用实时电价创造额外9.8%的经济效益。论文的相关研究结果对微电网的经济运行具有一定的理论价值和工程应用价值。
[Abstract]:Microgrid is one of the effective ways to promote the large-scale application of distributed generation. The improvement of microgrid operation economy can lay a foundation for its future development and promotion. In the research of economic operation of microgrid, the loss of transmission line can be reduced by optimizing the location and capacity of distributed generation. However, the emphasis of the present research is to analyze the influence on the network loss of distribution network. The research on the influence of internal network loss on microgrid is not perfect. In addition, the traditional energy storage optimization method based on centralized control will gradually increase the difficulty of microgrid control with the expansion of the scale, and has some limitations, while decentralized control can meet the needs of the future development of microgrid. Therefore, this thesis will focus on the above two aspects. Firstly, this paper analyzes the mathematical models of photovoltaic power generation system, battery system and microgrid line loss, and constructs the SIMULINK simulation model of photovoltaic power system and battery system. The effectiveness of the maximum power tracking control method based on the duty cycle perturbation observation method and the charging and discharging strategy of battery constant bus voltage are verified. Secondly, the mathematical model of distributed power source location and capacity optimization is constructed by combining the line loss model and solving target, constraint condition and so on of the microgrid analyzed in this paper. The immune algorithm is used to solve the model, and a program is written for simulation in MATLAB. Finally, the wavelet neural network algorithm is used to predict the generation value and system load value of distributed generation in microgrid, and a real-time electricity price based on the charging state of battery is established. The fuzzy control strategy for the current generation and load power of distributed power generation and the predicted power of future short-term generation load is verified by SIMULINK simulation. The results show that the immune algorithm based on the immune algorithm and the fuzzy control algorithm can improve the economy of micro-grid operation. The total length of the microgrid line can be reduced by 58.9 and the total network loss can be reduced from 3.9% to 0.539% after the distributed power generation is optimized by location and volume. After charging and discharging optimization, the energy storage system can make use of the real-time electricity price to create an extra 9. 8% economic benefit. The research results of this paper have certain theoretical value and engineering application value to the economic operation of microgrid.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM732

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