高压压电陶瓷驱动电源技术研究
发布时间：2018-11-24 09:19
【摘要】：压电陶瓷具有的正逆压电效应，使得压电陶瓷驱动技术在近些年的微驱动定位领域中发挥着重要的作用。精密的微位移定位要求压电陶瓷驱动器具有低纹波、高频响和快速的动态响应，因此压电陶瓷驱动器的研究成为微位移定位系统中的关键任务之一。目前市场上常见的压电陶瓷驱动器大多采用线性电源驱动方式，普遍存在损耗大、体积大、功率低等问题，为克服上述缺陷并结合特定的压电陶瓷驱动器要求，本文采用PWM驱动方式，提出了前级DC/DC升压和后级DC/AC逆变的两级式驱动方案，设计了带有直流偏置可连续调频调幅的正弦波压电陶瓷驱动电源。 压电陶瓷驱动器首先通过前级电路将直流30V~42V升压至380V，逆变后产生峰值为300V的正弦波，再与前级输出的隔离直流电压相叠加产生带直流偏置的正弦波。 针对电池供电系统，本文研究一种具有较高升压比和低纹波输入电流的升压DC/DC变换器，该变换器基于交错并联结构和有源箝位电路，不仅可以吸收开关管关断时变压器漏感引起的电压尖峰，而且能够在宽范围输入电压和负载变化情况下实现高频开关管的ZVS，减小器件的体积和重量，保持变换器较高效率。辅助开关管的驱动波形与主开关管驱动波形完全互补，不需要添加额外的驱动电路，设计简单易行。论文详细分析升压DC/DC变换器的工作模态和工作原理，研究缓冲电路环节的分析设计和软开关的实现条件，并给出电路参数计算过程。对升压变换器控制方法进行深入研究，采用状态空间平均法建立升压变换器的小信号模型，设计PI调节器参数，在此基础上建立仿真模型，对控制方法进行验证。 后级采用全桥逆变拓扑，双极性SPWM控制策略。建立逆变器的数学模型，，设计电压平均值和电压瞬时值双闭环控制系统，保证输出电压低畸变率、高正弦度和较高的输出精度，逆变器输出的正弦波与前级电路输出的隔离直流电压相叠加用于驱动压电陶瓷，利用PSIM软件对系统进行仿真分析。 基于理论分析和仿真验证，采用TMS320F2812数字控制芯片，设计整个系统的软件程序，实现驱动硬件电路设计。绘制PCB板搭建实验平台，对系统进行详细的实验分析，验证系统方案的可行性。
[Abstract]:Because of the direct and inverse piezoelectric effect, piezoelectric ceramic driving technology plays an important role in the field of micro-drive and positioning in recent years. Precise micro-displacement positioning requires low ripple, high frequency response and fast dynamic response of piezoelectric actuator. Therefore, the research of piezoelectric actuator becomes one of the key tasks in micro-displacement positioning system. At present, the common piezoelectric actuators in the market mostly adopt linear power drive mode. There are many problems such as large loss, large volume, low power, etc. In order to overcome the above defects and combine with the specific piezoelectric actuators, In this paper, a two-stage drive scheme of front stage DC/DC boost and rear stage DC/AC inverter is proposed by using PWM drive mode. A sinusoidal piezoelectric ceramic driving power supply with DC bias and continuous frequency modulation is designed. The piezoelectric ceramic driver firstly boosts the DC 30V~42V to 380 V by the front circuit, and then generates a sinusoidal wave with a peak value of 300V after the inverter, and then superposes with the isolated DC voltage of the front stage to produce a sine wave with DC bias. In this paper, a boost DC/DC converter with high boost ratio and low ripple input current is studied for battery power supply system. The converter is based on staggered parallel structure and active clamp circuit. It can not only absorb the voltage spike caused by leakage inductance of transformer when the switch is off, but also realize the ZVS, of high frequency switch to reduce the volume and weight of the device under the condition of wide range of input voltage and load change, and keep the converter high efficiency. The driving waveform of the auxiliary switch is completely complementary to the drive waveform of the main switch, and it is simple and feasible to design the auxiliary switch without adding extra drive circuit. The working mode and working principle of boost DC/DC converter are analyzed in detail. The analysis and design of snubber circuit and the realization condition of soft switch are studied, and the calculation process of circuit parameters is given. The control method of boost converter is studied in depth. The small signal model of boost converter is established by the state space averaging method, and the parameters of PI regulator are designed. On this basis, the simulation model is established and the control method is verified. The rear stage adopts full bridge inverter topology and bipolar SPWM control strategy. The mathematical model of inverter is established, and the double closed loop control system of voltage average value and voltage instantaneous value is designed to guarantee the output voltage with low distortion rate, high sinusoidal degree and high output precision. The sinusoidal wave output from the inverter and the isolated DC voltage from the front circuit are superimposed to drive the piezoelectric ceramics. The system is simulated and analyzed by PSIM software. Based on theoretical analysis and simulation verification, the software program of the whole system is designed by using TMS320F2812 digital control chip, and the drive hardware circuit is designed. The PCB board is drawn to build the experimental platform, and the system is analyzed in detail to verify the feasibility of the system.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM46
本文编号：2353116
[Abstract]:Because of the direct and inverse piezoelectric effect, piezoelectric ceramic driving technology plays an important role in the field of micro-drive and positioning in recent years. Precise micro-displacement positioning requires low ripple, high frequency response and fast dynamic response of piezoelectric actuator. Therefore, the research of piezoelectric actuator becomes one of the key tasks in micro-displacement positioning system. At present, the common piezoelectric actuators in the market mostly adopt linear power drive mode. There are many problems such as large loss, large volume, low power, etc. In order to overcome the above defects and combine with the specific piezoelectric actuators, In this paper, a two-stage drive scheme of front stage DC/DC boost and rear stage DC/AC inverter is proposed by using PWM drive mode. A sinusoidal piezoelectric ceramic driving power supply with DC bias and continuous frequency modulation is designed. The piezoelectric ceramic driver firstly boosts the DC 30V~42V to 380 V by the front circuit, and then generates a sinusoidal wave with a peak value of 300V after the inverter, and then superposes with the isolated DC voltage of the front stage to produce a sine wave with DC bias. In this paper, a boost DC/DC converter with high boost ratio and low ripple input current is studied for battery power supply system. The converter is based on staggered parallel structure and active clamp circuit. It can not only absorb the voltage spike caused by leakage inductance of transformer when the switch is off, but also realize the ZVS, of high frequency switch to reduce the volume and weight of the device under the condition of wide range of input voltage and load change, and keep the converter high efficiency. The driving waveform of the auxiliary switch is completely complementary to the drive waveform of the main switch, and it is simple and feasible to design the auxiliary switch without adding extra drive circuit. The working mode and working principle of boost DC/DC converter are analyzed in detail. The analysis and design of snubber circuit and the realization condition of soft switch are studied, and the calculation process of circuit parameters is given. The control method of boost converter is studied in depth. The small signal model of boost converter is established by the state space averaging method, and the parameters of PI regulator are designed. On this basis, the simulation model is established and the control method is verified. The rear stage adopts full bridge inverter topology and bipolar SPWM control strategy. The mathematical model of inverter is established, and the double closed loop control system of voltage average value and voltage instantaneous value is designed to guarantee the output voltage with low distortion rate, high sinusoidal degree and high output precision. The sinusoidal wave output from the inverter and the isolated DC voltage from the front circuit are superimposed to drive the piezoelectric ceramics. The system is simulated and analyzed by PSIM software. Based on theoretical analysis and simulation verification, the software program of the whole system is designed by using TMS320F2812 digital control chip, and the drive hardware circuit is designed. The PCB board is drawn to build the experimental platform, and the system is analyzed in detail to verify the feasibility of the system.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM46
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