光伏聚光照明系统关键技术研究
发布时间：2018-12-28 18:45
【摘要】：随着环境保护越来越被重视,各国都在寻找一种可以替代化石燃料的新能源,而太阳能作为一种储量丰富的新能源,也获得了广泛的关注。目前光伏发电是太阳能利用的最主要方式,但是却存在着投资大、效率低的缺点。同时人类每天用于照明的电量却与日俱增,浪费了大量的能源。而光伏聚光照明系统将太阳光通过光纤传导至室内用于照明,可以节省大量用于照明的电能,不失为一种很好的利用太阳能的方式。相对于传统照明装置不仅更环保,而且还有利于人员的身心健康,可谓一举多得。本论文设计的光伏聚光照明系统包括跟踪系统、聚光系统和传导光纤。跟踪系统对太阳方位进行跟踪,提高太阳光的利用效率;聚光系统汇聚太阳光提高太阳能密度;传导光纤用于传导汇聚的太阳光。跟踪系统采用了一种新型的可调节精度的太阳方位跟踪器,其跟踪精度高,可以对阴晴天做出判断,且可以通过改变外形尺寸来调节跟踪精度。跟踪系统的运转机构包括两种方式:一种是基于L298N控制带蜗轮蜗杆的直流减速电机的机械转动方案,另一种是基于云台的机械转动方案。聚光系统通过菲涅尔透镜对太阳光进行汇聚,为了能够降低焦点处的温度,本论文还采取了降温装置:采用隔热玻璃和二次均匀透镜。隔热玻璃放置于菲涅尔透镜前,可有效反射红外线和紫外线,降低热效应。二次均匀透镜放置于焦点处,太阳光在通过均匀透镜内部反射后,能使太阳光均匀的分布在透镜的出光面,也可以降低温度。本论文对二次均匀透镜的设计进行了重点讨论,通过几何光学分析得出了二次均匀透镜外形尺寸应满足的条件,并用Tracepro光学分析软件各种参数下的结果进行了模拟仿真,验证了其效果。本文对三种常见的传导光纤进行分析对比,得出了其优缺点。根据降低成本的要求,系统采用了塑料光纤作为传导太阳光的介质。文末对跟踪系统的跟踪精度进行了测试,结果表明跟踪精度高,满足光伏聚光照明系统要求;对隔热玻璃和二次均匀透镜的进行了测试,其降温效果良好。最后对光伏聚光照明系统的实际照明效果进行了测试,该系统基本能够满足室内照明要求。
[Abstract]:With more and more attention being paid to environmental protection, many countries are looking for a new energy source that can replace fossil fuels, and solar energy, as a new energy with abundant reserves, has been paid more and more attention. At present, photovoltaic power generation is the main way of solar energy utilization, but it has the disadvantages of large investment and low efficiency. At the same time, the amount of electricity used for lighting is increasing, wasting a lot of energy. The photovoltaic concentrated lighting system can transmit sunlight through optical fiber to indoor lighting, which can save a lot of electricity for lighting, and it is a good way to use solar energy. Compared with traditional lighting devices, not only more environmental protection, but also conducive to the physical and mental health of personnel, can be said to kill more than one stone. The photovoltaic lighting system designed in this paper includes tracking system, focusing system and conducting fiber. The tracking system tracks the position of the sun to improve the utilization efficiency of the solar light; the condensing system gathers the sunlight to increase the solar density; and the conducting fiber is used to conduct the convergent sunlight. A new type of solar azimuth tracker with adjustable precision is used in the tracking system. The tracking accuracy is high, and the tracking accuracy can be adjusted by changing the shape of the sun. The running mechanism of the tracking system includes two ways: one is the mechanical rotation scheme of DC deceleration motor with worm gear and worm gear based on L298N; the other is mechanical rotation scheme based on cloud head. In order to reduce the temperature at the focal point, the condensing system uses a Fresnel lens to reduce the temperature of the sun. In this paper, the thermal insulation glass and the secondary uniform lens are used to reduce the temperature. Thermal insulation glass placed in front of Fresnel lens can effectively reflect infrared and ultraviolet rays and reduce heat effect. The secondary uniform lens is placed at the focal point. After the sunlight is reflected through the uniform lens, the solar light can be distributed uniformly on the surface of the lens, and the temperature can also be reduced. In this paper, the design of the secondary uniform lens is discussed in detail, and the conditions for the shape size of the secondary uniform lens are obtained by geometrical optics analysis, and the simulation results under various parameters of the Tracepro optical analysis software are simulated. The effect is verified. In this paper, three kinds of common conductive fibers are analyzed and compared, and their advantages and disadvantages are obtained. According to the requirement of reducing cost, plastic fiber is used as the medium of transmitting solar light. Finally, the tracking accuracy of the tracking system is tested. The results show that the tracking accuracy is high and meets the requirements of the photovoltaic lighting system, and the thermal insulation glass and the secondary uniform lens are tested, and the cooling effect is good. Finally, the lighting effect of photovoltaic concentrated lighting system is tested, and the system can basically meet the indoor lighting requirements.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM615
本文编号：2394294
[Abstract]:With more and more attention being paid to environmental protection, many countries are looking for a new energy source that can replace fossil fuels, and solar energy, as a new energy with abundant reserves, has been paid more and more attention. At present, photovoltaic power generation is the main way of solar energy utilization, but it has the disadvantages of large investment and low efficiency. At the same time, the amount of electricity used for lighting is increasing, wasting a lot of energy. The photovoltaic concentrated lighting system can transmit sunlight through optical fiber to indoor lighting, which can save a lot of electricity for lighting, and it is a good way to use solar energy. Compared with traditional lighting devices, not only more environmental protection, but also conducive to the physical and mental health of personnel, can be said to kill more than one stone. The photovoltaic lighting system designed in this paper includes tracking system, focusing system and conducting fiber. The tracking system tracks the position of the sun to improve the utilization efficiency of the solar light; the condensing system gathers the sunlight to increase the solar density; and the conducting fiber is used to conduct the convergent sunlight. A new type of solar azimuth tracker with adjustable precision is used in the tracking system. The tracking accuracy is high, and the tracking accuracy can be adjusted by changing the shape of the sun. The running mechanism of the tracking system includes two ways: one is the mechanical rotation scheme of DC deceleration motor with worm gear and worm gear based on L298N; the other is mechanical rotation scheme based on cloud head. In order to reduce the temperature at the focal point, the condensing system uses a Fresnel lens to reduce the temperature of the sun. In this paper, the thermal insulation glass and the secondary uniform lens are used to reduce the temperature. Thermal insulation glass placed in front of Fresnel lens can effectively reflect infrared and ultraviolet rays and reduce heat effect. The secondary uniform lens is placed at the focal point. After the sunlight is reflected through the uniform lens, the solar light can be distributed uniformly on the surface of the lens, and the temperature can also be reduced. In this paper, the design of the secondary uniform lens is discussed in detail, and the conditions for the shape size of the secondary uniform lens are obtained by geometrical optics analysis, and the simulation results under various parameters of the Tracepro optical analysis software are simulated. The effect is verified. In this paper, three kinds of common conductive fibers are analyzed and compared, and their advantages and disadvantages are obtained. According to the requirement of reducing cost, plastic fiber is used as the medium of transmitting solar light. Finally, the tracking accuracy of the tracking system is tested. The results show that the tracking accuracy is high and meets the requirements of the photovoltaic lighting system, and the thermal insulation glass and the secondary uniform lens are tested, and the cooling effect is good. Finally, the lighting effect of photovoltaic concentrated lighting system is tested, and the system can basically meet the indoor lighting requirements.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM615
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 陈超;杨毅;李远军;邓华德;王先春;;一种基于单片机智能控制的云台设计[J];现代电子技术;2011年09期
，本文编号：2394294
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