基于压力延迟渗透原理的盐差能发电技术研究
发布时间：2018-12-30 14:22
【摘要】：盐差能是指海水和淡水之间或两种含盐度不同的海水之间存在的化学电位差能，，是以化学形态存在的海洋能。盐差能主要存在于河海交接处，淡水丰富地区的盐湖和地下盐矿。 据统计，全球可供利用的盐差能理论发电功率可达2.6TW，我国可供利用的有0.1TW。其中，我国沿海地区盐差能资源蕴藏量约为3.91015kJ，长江口及以南大江河口沿海的资源量占全国总量的92.5％，理论发电功率为0.861011kW。 目前，常用的盐差能发电技术有三种：渗透压法、蒸汽压法和反电渗析法。渗透压能法利用淡水与盐水之间存在的渗透压力推动水轮机旋转进行发电；反电渗析法使用离子交换膜将浓、淡盐水隔开，利用阴阳离子的定向流动产生电流；蒸汽压能法利用淡水与盐水之间存在的蒸汽压差，推动风扇旋转进行发电。 本文利用淡水和浓盐水作为盐差能发电原材料，从节约淡水资源和环境保护等角度综合考虑，采用渗透压法进行了盐差能发电技术研究。具体研究内容如下： 第一，盐差能发电技术介绍，包括目前所采用的盐差能发电技术、我国盐差能资源的储备、分布情况和国内外盐差能发电技术研究的历史与现状。 第二，介绍实验室前期进行的盐差能发电原理模型实验研究，验证了渗透压法盐差能发电技术的可行性。通过分析实验结果，探究了实验中淡水渗入理论值与实验值存在误差的原因。 第三，进行了盐差能发电技术中正渗透膜组件的研究，包括正渗透膜材料的选取和膜组件形式的设计。 第四，结合实验室承担的项目要求，进行渗透压法盐差能发电技术研究。在确定盐差能实验样机设计的思路的基础上，进行了盐差能发电样机实验样机的整体设计、零部件的选用和进出水管路的设计和管路压力损失的计算。 最后，在三维软件中进行了实验室盐差能发电样机的建模和组装，为后续盐差能发电实验样机的制作奠定了基础。
[Abstract]:Salt difference energy refers to the chemical potential difference energy between seawater and fresh water or between two kinds of seawater with different salinity. Salt energy mainly exists at the junction of rivers and seas, salt lakes and underground salt mines in freshwater rich areas. According to statistics, the theoretical power of salt difference energy can reach 2.6 TW in the world, and 0.1 TW is available in China. Among them, the reserves of salt difference energy resources in the coastal areas of China are about 3.91015kJ, the resources in the Yangtze Estuary and the south of the Dajiang Estuary account for 92.5% of the total national total, and the theoretical power of generating electricity is 0.861011kW. At present, there are three common technologies of salt differential energy generation: osmotic pressure method, steam pressure method and reverse electrodialysis method. The osmotic pressure energy method uses the osmotic pressure between fresh water and brine to promote the turbine rotation to generate electricity, the reverse electrodialysis method uses ion exchange membrane to separate concentrated and light brine, and the directional flow of anion and anion produces current. Steam pressure energy method uses steam pressure difference between fresh water and brine to drive fan rotation to generate electricity. In this paper, fresh water and concentrated brine are used as raw materials for salt differential energy generation. Considering the conservation of fresh water resources and environmental protection, the technology of salt differential energy generation is studied by osmotic pressure method. The specific research contents are as follows: first, the introduction of salt differential energy generation technology, including the salt differential energy generation technology, the storage and distribution of salt differential energy resources in China and the history and present situation of salt differential energy generation technology at home and abroad. Secondly, this paper introduces the experimental research on the principle of salt differential energy generation in the early stage of laboratory, and verifies the feasibility of osmotic pressure salt differential energy generation technology. By analyzing the experimental results, the reasons for the errors between the theoretical values of fresh water infiltration and the experimental values are explored. Thirdly, the research of normal osmotic membrane module in salt differential energy generation technology is carried out, including the selection of membrane material and the design of membrane module form. Fourth, combined with the laboratory project requirements, the osmotic salt differential energy generation technology research. On the basis of determining the design idea of the experimental prototype of salt difference energy, the whole design of the prototype, the selection of components, the design of the inlet and outlet pipes and the calculation of the pressure loss of the pipeline are carried out. Finally, the modeling and assembly of the prototype of salt-differential power generation in laboratory is carried out in the three-dimensional software, which lays a foundation for the manufacture of the experimental prototype of salt-differential power generation.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM61
本文编号：2395697
[Abstract]:Salt difference energy refers to the chemical potential difference energy between seawater and fresh water or between two kinds of seawater with different salinity. Salt energy mainly exists at the junction of rivers and seas, salt lakes and underground salt mines in freshwater rich areas. According to statistics, the theoretical power of salt difference energy can reach 2.6 TW in the world, and 0.1 TW is available in China. Among them, the reserves of salt difference energy resources in the coastal areas of China are about 3.91015kJ, the resources in the Yangtze Estuary and the south of the Dajiang Estuary account for 92.5% of the total national total, and the theoretical power of generating electricity is 0.861011kW. At present, there are three common technologies of salt differential energy generation: osmotic pressure method, steam pressure method and reverse electrodialysis method. The osmotic pressure energy method uses the osmotic pressure between fresh water and brine to promote the turbine rotation to generate electricity, the reverse electrodialysis method uses ion exchange membrane to separate concentrated and light brine, and the directional flow of anion and anion produces current. Steam pressure energy method uses steam pressure difference between fresh water and brine to drive fan rotation to generate electricity. In this paper, fresh water and concentrated brine are used as raw materials for salt differential energy generation. Considering the conservation of fresh water resources and environmental protection, the technology of salt differential energy generation is studied by osmotic pressure method. The specific research contents are as follows: first, the introduction of salt differential energy generation technology, including the salt differential energy generation technology, the storage and distribution of salt differential energy resources in China and the history and present situation of salt differential energy generation technology at home and abroad. Secondly, this paper introduces the experimental research on the principle of salt differential energy generation in the early stage of laboratory, and verifies the feasibility of osmotic pressure salt differential energy generation technology. By analyzing the experimental results, the reasons for the errors between the theoretical values of fresh water infiltration and the experimental values are explored. Thirdly, the research of normal osmotic membrane module in salt differential energy generation technology is carried out, including the selection of membrane material and the design of membrane module form. Fourth, combined with the laboratory project requirements, the osmotic salt differential energy generation technology research. On the basis of determining the design idea of the experimental prototype of salt difference energy, the whole design of the prototype, the selection of components, the design of the inlet and outlet pipes and the calculation of the pressure loss of the pipeline are carried out. Finally, the modeling and assembly of the prototype of salt-differential power generation in laboratory is carried out in the three-dimensional software, which lays a foundation for the manufacture of the experimental prototype of salt-differential power generation.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM61
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 彭佑多;液压流量测试仪表及其合理选用[J];液压与气动;1997年04期
本文编号：2395697
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