永磁同步电动机驱动系统容错控制策略研究

发布时间：2019-01-12 15:59

【摘要】：永磁同步电动机驱动系统中功率开关器件最容易发生开关器件开路、短路故障，这些故障会使电机在逆变器不平衡供电下运行，长期这样会导致整个驱动系统崩溃。对于高要求的场合，逆变器这些故障更会导致灾难性事故发生。因此，为提高系统可靠性，采用容错逆变器拓扑实现故障后系统重构及容错控制就显得十分必要。本论文针对逆变器开路、短路故障，选择成本低性能好的三相四开关逆变器容错拓扑，，并研究了基于空间矢量脉宽调制(SVPWM)技术的直接转矩控制策略。最终通过仿真分析实现永磁同步电机容错三相四开关系统的SVPWM直接转矩控制。主要工作有以下几方面如下：首先，本文介绍了几种永磁同步电动机系统高性能控制方式，讨论了永磁同步电机驱动系统常见故障，并提出了有效的容错策略，最后考虑经济性和高效性，本文选取永磁同步电动机驱动系统三相四开关容错拓扑直接转矩控制展开研究。其次，建立永磁同步电动机的数学模型，提出新的磁链观测方法并对容错控制策略的实现进行理论分析，包括电压空间矢量的定义、磁链和转矩的滞环控制和开关表的定义。在分析三相六开关逆变器驱动系统直接转矩控制方法基础上，重新定义电压空间矢量和开关表，实现三相四开关逆变器驱动系统的直接转矩控制。再者，引入SVPWM技术到传统直接转矩控制。在分析三相六开关系统SVPWM技术的控制算法的基础上，重新设计参考空间电压矢量的合成方法、扇区判断以及开关作用时间和导通时刻，得到三相四开关系统SVPWM技术的控制算法。最后，将容错控制理论进行仿真验证，将永磁同步电动机三相六开关系统的SVPWM直接转矩控制和三相四开关系统的SVPWM直接转矩控制搭建在一个模型中，这样可以更直观的分析容错前后运行性能，仿真结果表明，三相四开关容错拓扑结构在永磁同步电动机上具有良好的可行性和运行性能。
[Abstract]:In the drive system of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), power switch devices are most prone to open circuit and short circuit faults, which will cause the motor to run under the unbalanced power supply of the inverter, which will lead to the collapse of the whole drive system for a long time. For high requirements, inverter failures will lead to catastrophic accidents. Therefore, in order to improve the system reliability, it is necessary to use fault-tolerant inverter topology to realize system reconfiguration and fault-tolerant control. In this paper, the fault tolerant topology of three-phase four-switch inverter with low cost and good performance is selected for the open circuit and short-circuit fault of the inverter, and the direct torque control strategy based on space-vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) technology is studied. Finally, SVPWM direct torque control of fault tolerant three-phase four-switch system of PMSM is realized by simulation analysis. The main work is as follows: firstly, this paper introduces several high performance control methods of PMSM system, discusses the common faults of PMSM drive system, and puts forward effective fault-tolerant strategies. Finally, considering the economy and high efficiency, this paper studies the three-phase four-switch fault-tolerant direct torque control (DTC) for the PMSM drive system. Secondly, the mathematical model of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is established, and a new flux observation method is proposed, and the realization of fault-tolerant control strategy is analyzed theoretically, including the definition of voltage space vector, hysteresis control of flux chain and torque and the definition of switch table. On the basis of analyzing the direct torque control method of three-phase six-switch inverter drive system, the voltage space vector and switching table are redefined to realize the direct torque control of three-phase four-switch inverter drive system. Furthermore, SVPWM technology is introduced into the traditional direct torque control. On the basis of analyzing the control algorithm of SVPWM technology in three-phase six-switch system, this paper redesigns the synthesis method of reference space voltage vector, sector judgment, switching time and on-on time, and obtains the control algorithm of three-phase four-switch system SVPWM technology. Finally, the fault-tolerant control theory is simulated, and the SVPWM direct torque control of the three-phase six-switch system of permanent magnet synchronous motor and the SVPWM direct torque control of the three-phase four-switch system are built in a model. The simulation results show that the three-phase four-switch fault-tolerant topology has good feasibility and performance in PMSM.
【学位授予单位】：集美大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM341

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