基于DSP的永磁同步电动机矢量控制及弱磁调速的研究

发布时间：2019-01-14 15:56

【摘要】：永磁同步电动机用永磁体取代电励磁同步电动机转子中的励磁绕组,具有很多优点：体积小、质量轻；功率因数高、效率高；磁通密度高、动态响应快；可靠性高；具有严格的转速同步性和宽调速范围。因此,永磁同步电动机得到了十分广泛的应用,并在电力传动领域发挥着越来越重要的作用。本论文以山西省自然科学基金项目“变频器供电时永磁同步电动机转矩脉动的减小及优化设计”为背景,从控制理论方面对永磁同步电动机进行了研究。本文选用内埋式永磁同步电机进行控制研究,在分析了永磁同步电机数学模型和矢量控制原理基础上,采用id=0的控制方式和空间矢量脉宽调制技术,在MATLAB/SIMULINK上建立了永磁同步电动机电流、转速双闭环矢量控制系统仿真模型,对矢量控制系统的性能进行了仿真研究,仿真结果表明该系统具有良好的静动态性能,与理论分析一致。研究了永磁同步电动机的弱磁控制原理,对不同的弱磁区域进行了分析研究,选用梯度下降法作为弱磁控制的方法,在矢量控制系统仿真模型的基础上,加入了最大转矩电流比(MTPA)模块和电流参考值修正模块,搭建永磁同步电动机的弱磁调速系统仿真模型,并对仿真实验结果进行了分析,证明了该方法的可行性。对永磁同步电动机初始定位原理进行了介绍,并在实验平台上验证该方法的正确性,选用增量式光电码盘对转速进行检测,并采用M法进行转速的计算,实验结果与理论分析一致。本文介绍了永磁同步电动机矢量控制系统的硬、软件实现,和矢量控制系统软件总体设计、结构,利用TI公司生产的TMS320LF2812型DSP芯片,进行永磁同步电动机矢量控制系统的软件设计,按照模块化编程思想,编写了永磁同步电动机矢量控制系统的应用程序。对本实验系统的硬件总体结构和采样电路进行了介绍,最后在实验台上对系统性能进行了实验验证,实现了永磁同步电动机的矢量控制,为以后弱磁调速实验研究奠定了基础。
[Abstract]:Permanent magnet is used to replace the excitation winding in the rotor of electrically excited synchronous motor, which has many advantages: small volume, light mass, high power factor, high efficiency, high flux density, fast dynamic response, high reliability, high flux density, high dynamic response and high reliability. With strict speed synchronization and wide speed range. Therefore, permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) has been widely used and plays a more and more important role in the field of electric power transmission. Based on the project of Shanxi Natural Science Foundation, "torque ripple reduction and optimal Design of permanent Magnet synchronous Motor (PMSM) supplied by Frequency Converter", the control theory of PMSM is studied in this paper. In this paper, the embedded permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is selected for control research. On the basis of analyzing the mathematical model and vector control principle of PMSM, the control mode of id=0 and the space vector pulse width modulation technology are adopted. The simulation model of double closed loop vector control system of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is established on MATLAB/SIMULINK. The performance of the vector control system is simulated. The simulation results show that the system has good static and dynamic performance. It is consistent with the theoretical analysis. In this paper, the principle of magnetic weakening control of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is studied, and the different weak magnetic regions are analyzed. The gradient descent method is chosen as the weak magnetic control method. Based on the simulation model of vector control system, The maximum torque / current ratio (MTPA) module and the current reference correction module are added to build the simulation model of the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). The simulation results are analyzed and the feasibility of the method is proved. The principle of initial positioning of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is introduced, and the correctness of the method is verified on the experimental platform. The rotational speed is detected by incremental photoelectric code plate, and the rotational speed is calculated by M method. The experimental results are consistent with the theoretical analysis. This paper introduces the hardware and software realization of the vector control system of permanent magnet synchronous motor, and the overall design and structure of the vector control system software. It uses the TMS320LF2812 DSP chip produced by TI Company. The software design of vector control system for permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is carried out, and the application program of PMSM vector control system is compiled according to the idea of modular programming. The hardware structure and sampling circuit of the experiment system are introduced. Finally, the performance of the system is verified on the test bench, and the vector control of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is realized, which lays a foundation for the later research on the weak magnetic field speed regulation experiment.
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM341

【参考文献】