电网谐波与无功综合动态补偿研究

发布时间：2019-01-15 22:23

【摘要】：随着电力电子等非线性变流装置的大量使用,给电力系统带来了严重的谐波污染,同时这些非线性装置的功率因数普遍较低,造成了很大的电能损耗,威胁着电力系统的稳定运行。现在普遍采用的谐波抑制和无功补偿措施大都只对谐波和无功问题中的一种具有较好的效果,还有的受器件的限制,补偿容量有限。本文研究了一种谐波与无功综合补偿方法,该系统同时具有HAPF和SVC的优点,二者取长补短,可以对谐波和无功进行实时动态补偿。论文首先给出了综合补偿系统的结构,确定了混合有源滤波器和静止无功补偿器的接入位置；分析了系统的工作原理；分别建立了系统的基波域等效模型和谐波域等效模型,通过对模型的分析,确定系统实现谐波与无功动态补偿的可行性。其次针对综合补偿系统将谐波和无功分开补偿的实际情况,在基于瞬时无功功率理论的ip-iq检测方法的基础上,将谐波和无功分开检测,使其适用于综合补偿系统；针对电源电压畸变时不能准确检测谐波的问题,对三相电压预处理后,再输入到锁相环中,有效克服了电源电压畸变的影响；针对TCR投切过程中会产生谐波的问题,提出了一种TCR谐波预测方法,该方法可以实时的预测出TCR投切过程中所产生的谐波,然后通过混合有源滤波器将其滤除。接下来针对综合补偿系统结构特点,分析了混合有源滤波器采用分频控制方法的必要性；针对传统广义积分控制器的不足,提出一种改进的广义积分控制器,该控制器可以根据误差和误差变化率,实时调整广义积分控制器的参数,使其能够更好的跟踪谐波电流；结合瞬时无功功率检测方法,推导了基于瞬时无功功率的三相补偿导纳计算公式。最后在Matlab/Simulink中搭建了仿真平台,对系统各环节进行了建模仿真。仿真结果验证了上述方法的有效性和可行性。
[Abstract]:With the extensive use of nonlinear converter devices such as power electronics, it brings serious harmonic pollution to power system. At the same time, the power factor of these nonlinear devices is generally lower, resulting in a great loss of electric energy. It threatens the stable operation of power system. Most of the commonly used harmonic suppression and reactive power compensation measures have a good effect on one of the harmonic and reactive power problems, and the compensation capacity is limited by the limitation of the device. In this paper, a method of harmonic and reactive power compensation is studied. The system has the advantages of both HAPF and SVC, which can compensate harmonics and reactive power dynamically. Firstly, the structure of the integrated compensation system is given, the access position of the hybrid active power filter and the static var compensator is determined, and the working principle of the system is analyzed. The fundamental domain equivalent model and harmonic domain equivalent model of the system are established respectively. Through the analysis of the model, the feasibility of realizing harmonic and reactive power dynamic compensation of the system is determined. Secondly, aiming at the actual situation that harmonic and reactive power are compensated separately in the comprehensive compensation system, the harmonic and reactive power are detected separately on the basis of ip-iq detection method based on instantaneous reactive power theory, so that it can be applied to the comprehensive compensation system. Aiming at the problem that harmonics can not be detected accurately when the power supply voltage is distorted, the three-phase voltage is pretreated and then input into the phase-locked loop, which effectively overcomes the influence of the voltage distortion of the power supply. In order to solve the problem of harmonic generation in TCR switching process, a TCR harmonic prediction method is proposed. This method can predict the harmonics generated in TCR switching process in real time, and then filter it out by hybrid active power filter (APF). Secondly, according to the structural characteristics of the integrated compensation system, the necessity of adopting the frequency division control method for the hybrid active power filter is analyzed. In view of the shortcomings of the traditional generalized integral controller, an improved generalized integral controller is proposed. The controller can adjust the parameters of the generalized integral controller in real time according to the error and error rate, so that it can track the harmonic current better. Combined with the instantaneous reactive power detection method, a three-phase compensation admittance calculation formula based on instantaneous reactive power is derived. Finally, the simulation platform is built in Matlab/Simulink, and the system is modeled and simulated. Simulation results verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the above method.
【学位授予单位】：兰州理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM761.12

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