基于储能单元的微网稳定控制器研究与开发

发布时间：2019-01-27 18:59

【摘要】：近年来,随着能源和环境问题的日益严峻,以风力发电和光伏发电为代表的可再生能源发电技术得到了国家政策的大力支持。作为可再生能源利用的重要形式,微网技术受到广泛关注。微网能抑制可再生能源大规模并网发电对主网造成的不利影响,提高供电可靠性及改善电能质量等等,其运行方式灵活,对外特性可控,能高效利用可再生能源,微网的研究与推广应用具有重要的实际意义。微网的运行模式有并网运行和孤网运行两种,其可靠,稳定运行及运行模式的切换需要储能装置的支持。在微网并网运行时,储能装置可补偿可再生能源的功率波动从而使微网与主网的功率交换可控；在微网孤网运行时,储能装置用于支撑整个电网的电压,保证微网的电压和频率在合理范围。可见,储能装置是微网的核心部件,其研究与开发是构建微网的基础性工作。鉴于其在微网稳定运行中发挥的重要作用,本文称之为微网稳定控制器。本文首先分析比较了微网稳定控制器可能的拓扑结构,根据其实际运行工况,最终确定了合理的微网稳定控制器的主电路结构。基于该电路结构,设计了其主要元件的参数,包括变压器、LCL滤波器、开关器件、直流母排电容及锂电池储能系统的关键参数的选择。然后根据实际中微网稳定控制器要实现的功能,基于DSP设计了其控制系统,包括DSP板、互感器板、信号调理板、驱动板、继电板、触摸屏及后台监控系统。将主电路,控制系统及驱动电路等相连接构成微网稳定控制器原理样机,并在此基础上研究了其并网锁相技术,对其进行了功能测试。最后研究分析了异步风机接入微网时,线路阻抗、微网稳定控制器容量及控制策略等因素对微网电压稳定的影响,并对其进行了仿真和实验验证。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the increasingly serious energy and environmental problems, renewable energy generation technologies, such as wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation, have been strongly supported by national policies. As an important form of renewable energy utilization, microgrid technology has received extensive attention. The microgrid can restrain the adverse effect of large-scale grid connection of renewable energy on the main network, improve the reliability of power supply and improve the power quality, etc., its operation mode is flexible, the external characteristics are controllable, and the renewable energy can be used efficiently. The research and application of microgrid have important practical significance. There are two operation modes of microgrid, grid-connected operation and sole-net operation, which are reliable. The stable operation and switching of operation mode need the support of energy storage device. When the microgrid is connected to the grid, the energy storage device can compensate the power fluctuation of the renewable energy so that the power exchange between the microgrid and the main network can be controlled. During the operation of the microgrid, the energy storage device is used to support the voltage of the whole grid and to ensure that the voltage and frequency of the microgrid are in a reasonable range. Therefore, energy storage device is the core component of microgrid, and its research and development is the basic work of building microgrid. In view of its important role in the stable operation of microgrid, this paper called microgrid stability controller. In this paper, the possible topology of the microgrid stability controller is analyzed and compared, and the main circuit structure of the microgrid stability controller is finally determined according to its actual operating conditions. Based on the circuit structure, the parameters of the main components are designed, including transformer, LCL filter, switch device, DC bus capacitor and the selection of key parameters of lithium battery energy storage system. Then according to the function of microgrid stabilization controller in practice, the control system is designed based on DSP, including DSP board, transformer board, signal conditioning board, drive board, relay board, touch screen and background monitoring system. The principle prototype of the microgrid stability controller is constructed by connecting the main circuit, the control system and the driving circuit. Based on this, the grid-connected phase-locking technology is studied and its function is tested. Finally, the effects of line impedance, capacity of microgrid stabilization controller and control strategy on voltage stability of microgrid are studied and verified by simulation and experiment.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM571

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