临朐县生活垃圾焚烧发电项目技术研究与效益测算

发布时间：2019-02-15 12:02

【摘要】：在我国城市化进程中,生活垃圾问题日渐凸显。目前,生活垃圾处理的三种主要方法均有各自优缺点。在实际中,应因地制宜,科学地选择合适的方法处理和处置垃圾。垃圾经过焚烧法处理后,需填埋的垃圾体积和重量大大减少,资源化的技术,在我国逐步得到推广。本文针对垃圾资源化利用技术和临朐县生活垃圾焚烧发电项目进行研究,着重于技术研究与效益测算,在此基础上进一步论证,本项目的实施对当地带来怎样的好处,本项目采用的技术方案是否合理可行,是否有更好的选择,投资收益的影响因素有哪些,对其他同类型的项目是否有借鉴意义,技术推广应用的适用条件应注意什么,以此作为本项目及其他类似项目的投资决策依据。主要是在落实垃圾资源化利用现状、垃圾处理技术特点、垃圾成分特性、垃圾产量等外部条件的前提下,对本项目炉型、焚烧线、余热锅炉及蒸汽参数、汽轮发电机组等技术参数进行研究,提出烟气净化、灰渣处理、渗滤液处理等污染物控制方案,然后对本项目进行技术经济性评价。根据目前临朐县的垃圾产生量和成分性质研究,临朐县项目设计规模为600 t/d,适合以焚烧方式进行垃圾处理,余热利用于发电。推荐炉型为机械往复炉排焚烧炉,余热锅炉蒸汽参数为中温中压,汽轮发电机组装机容量为12MW,采用“两炉一机”配置,即2×300 t/d焚烧炉+1×12 MW凝汽式汽轮发电机组。在半干法烟气净化处理工艺的基础上配置了脱硝装置。利用附近已建成的填埋场和渗滤液处理站,对炉渣、飞灰和渗滤液进行处理。技术经济性评价结果较好,本项目可行。本文仅预测了临朐县未来十几年内的垃圾总量,需要进一步扩大调研的时间范围,保证项目30年不落后。在项目建设时,需要通过优化设计和改进技术,进一步降低风险,增加项目的可行性。在运行过程中,应结合实际数据调整有关参数,加强管理和技术改造,不断提高生产效率和能源利用率。
[Abstract]:In the process of urbanization in China, the problem of domestic garbage is becoming more and more prominent. At present, the three main methods of MSW disposal have their own advantages and disadvantages. In practice, appropriate methods should be selected to deal with and dispose of garbage according to local conditions. After incineration, the volume and weight of landfills are greatly reduced, and the technology of recycling is popularized in China. In this paper, the technology of garbage utilization and the power generation project of domestic refuse incineration in Linqu County are studied, with emphasis on technical research and benefit calculation. On the basis of this, it is further demonstrated how the implementation of this project will bring benefits to the local areas. Whether the technical scheme adopted in this project is reasonable and feasible, whether there is a better choice, what are the influencing factors of investment income, whether it has reference significance to other projects of the same type, and what should be paid attention to in the applicable conditions of technology popularization and application, Take this as the investment decision basis of this project and other similar projects. On the premise of carrying out the external conditions, such as the present situation of garbage utilization, the technical characteristics of garbage treatment, the characteristics of waste composition, the output of garbage, etc., the furnace type, incineration line, waste heat boiler and steam parameters of the project are studied. The technical parameters of turbine-generator set are studied, and the control schemes of pollutants such as flue gas purification, ash and slag treatment and leachate treatment are put forward, and then the technical and economic evaluation of the project is carried out. According to the research on the quantity and composition of waste production in Linqu county at present, the design scale of Linqu county is 600 t / d, which is suitable for waste disposal by incineration and utilization of waste heat for power generation. The recommended furnace type is mechanical reciprocating grate incinerator, the steam parameter of waste heat boiler is medium temperature medium pressure, the installed capacity of turbogenerator is 12MW, and the configuration of 2 脳 300t / d incinerator 1 脳 12 MW condensed steam turbine generator is adopted. A denitrification unit was installed on the basis of the semi-dry flue gas purification process. The slag, fly ash and leachate were treated by using the nearby landfill and leachate treatment station. The result of technical economy evaluation is good and the project is feasible. This paper only predicts the total amount of garbage in Linqu County in the next ten years, and needs to further expand the time range of investigation to ensure that the project will not lag behind for 30 years. In the construction of the project, it is necessary to further reduce the risk and increase the feasibility of the project by optimizing the design and improving the technology. In the course of operation, the relevant parameters should be adjusted according to the actual data, the management and technical transformation should be strengthened, and the production efficiency and energy utilization ratio should be improved continuously.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：X799.3;TM619

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