金属导电油墨（铜、银及铜银核壳颗粒）的制备及其导电性能研究
发布时间：2019-02-16 12:22
【摘要】：金属导电油墨是用导电材料制成的油墨，具有一定程度导电性质，可作为印刷导电点或导电线路之用。其中常用的金属导电油墨有金墨和银墨，其导电性好、抗氧化能力强，性能很好，但缺点是其价格昂贵,不利于工业生产。铜粉虽然成本较低，导电性好，但它的抗氧化性差，在空气中暴露容易氧化，使导电油墨的使用寿命大大缩短。为了充分发挥银的高导电性和耐氧化性，以及铜粉成本低、导电性良好等优势，在铜粉表面包覆一层银，制成铜-银核壳纳米颗粒，这样可以克服单一使用这两种金属的缺点。这种粉末材料可以广泛应用于许多领域，如导电材料等，它对新材料的开发应用具有非常重要的意义。本论文以化学还原法为基础，利用简单反应物可控合成出纳米Ag颗粒，纳米Cu颗粒，并对产物进行各种表征，探索其合成的最佳条件。用Cu颗粒表面的Cu原子直接置换Ag+得到Ag颗粒使之沉积在铜颗粒表面合成Cu-Ag核壳结构并且用其做填料制成具有良好稳定性和导电性的金属油墨。主要内容如下： 第一、以化学还原法为基础，使用葡萄糖、水合肼、次磷酸氢钠几种不同的化学药品作为还原剂，以PVP（聚乙烯吡咯烷酮）为保护剂，通过改变化学药品的添加量、温度等反应条件制备了纳米铜颗粒，纳米银颗粒以及铜-银核壳颗粒。实验结果表明，，还原剂的添加量和反应温度对产物的纯度有很大影响，而保护剂的添加量则大大影响产物的粒径大小及其分散性。 第二、对所得产物进行TEM、SEM、XRD、UV-via、热重等表征，我们可以看到在通过化学还原法可控反应制备的纯银颗粒和纯铜颗粒都具有很高的纯度，且颗粒粒径分布均匀，分散性良好，将所得产物分散在乙醇和丙三醇的混合溶液中制备成银导电油墨和铜导电油墨，制备的金属油墨的书写图案在氩气氛围中经160oC的高温烧结后均具有良好的导电性，可以使连结电压的小灯泡发出亮光，经四探针测试可得银导电油墨的电阻率可低至8.1μ·cm，铜导电油墨的电阻率可低至20.5μ·cm。 第三、采用置换法，将银离子加入到合成的铜纳米颗粒中，银离子通过表面的铜原子还原为银原子附着在铜颗粒表面形成一层保护壳，实验结果表明通过这种简单的置换法可以合成包覆效果良好的铜银核壳颗粒，它在制备过程中不需要其它惰性气体的保护，制备工艺简单，且合成的产物相对于铜颗粒具有更强的抗氧化性和更高的导电性，其含量为40%的油墨电阻率为17.97μ·cm，实现了导电性好，成本低的目标，是金属油墨的最佳选择。
[Abstract]:Metal conductive ink is an ink made of conductive material. It can be used for printing conductive point or electric circuit. The commonly used metal conductive inks are gold ink and silver ink, which have good conductivity, strong oxidation resistance and good performance, but their disadvantages are that their price is expensive, which is not conducive to industrial production. Although copper powder has low cost and good electrical conductivity, its oxidation resistance is poor, and it is easy to be oxidized in air, which shortens the service life of conductive ink. In order to give full play to the high conductivity and oxidation resistance of silver, and the advantages of low cost and good conductivity of copper powder, a layer of silver is coated on the surface of copper powder to make copper-silver core-shell nanoparticles, which can overcome the shortcomings of single use of these two kinds of metals. This kind of powder material can be widely used in many fields, such as conductive materials, etc. It is of great significance to the development and application of new materials. Based on the chemical reduction method, nanometer Ag particles and nano Cu particles were synthesized by using simple reactants in this paper. The products were characterized and the optimum conditions for their synthesis were explored. The Ag particles were deposited on the surface of copper particles to synthesize the core-shell structure of Cu-Ag by replacing the Cu atoms on the surface of Cu particles directly with the Ag atoms and used as fillers to make metal inks with good stability and conductivity. The main contents are as follows: first, on the basis of chemical reduction, several different chemicals such as glucose, hydrazine hydrate and sodium hydrogen hypophosphate were used as reducing agents and PVP (polyvinylpyrrolidone) as protective agent. Nanocrystalline copper nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles and copper-silver core-shell particles were prepared by changing the amount of chemicals and reaction conditions such as temperature. The experimental results showed that the addition of reductant and reaction temperature had great influence on the purity of the product, while the addition of protective agent greatly affected the particle size and dispersity of the product. Secondly, the TEM,SEM,XRD,UV-via, thermogravimetric analysis shows that the pure silver and pure copper particles prepared by the controlled chemical reduction reaction have high purity and uniform particle size distribution. The products were dispersed in the mixed solution of ethanol and glycerol to produce silver conductive ink and copper conductive ink. The writing pattern of the prepared metal ink had good conductivity after high temperature sintering of 160oC in argon atmosphere. The light bulb with connecting voltage can emit bright light, and the resistivity of silver conductive ink can be as low as 8.1 渭 cm, copper conductive ink as low as 20.5 渭 cm. by four-probe test. Thirdly, silver ions are added to the synthesized copper nanoparticles by substitution method. Silver ions are reduced to silver atoms through the surface of copper particles to form a protective shell on the surface of copper particles. The experimental results show that the copper-silver core-shell particles with good coating effect can be synthesized by this simple displacement method, which does not need the protection of other inert gases in the preparation process, and the preparation process is simple. The synthesized product has stronger oxidation resistance and higher electrical conductivity than copper particle. The resistivity of 40% ink is 17.97 渭 cm, which achieves the goal of good conductivity and low cost. It is the best choice for metal ink.
【学位授予单位】：天津理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM241
本文编号：2424448
[Abstract]:Metal conductive ink is an ink made of conductive material. It can be used for printing conductive point or electric circuit. The commonly used metal conductive inks are gold ink and silver ink, which have good conductivity, strong oxidation resistance and good performance, but their disadvantages are that their price is expensive, which is not conducive to industrial production. Although copper powder has low cost and good electrical conductivity, its oxidation resistance is poor, and it is easy to be oxidized in air, which shortens the service life of conductive ink. In order to give full play to the high conductivity and oxidation resistance of silver, and the advantages of low cost and good conductivity of copper powder, a layer of silver is coated on the surface of copper powder to make copper-silver core-shell nanoparticles, which can overcome the shortcomings of single use of these two kinds of metals. This kind of powder material can be widely used in many fields, such as conductive materials, etc. It is of great significance to the development and application of new materials. Based on the chemical reduction method, nanometer Ag particles and nano Cu particles were synthesized by using simple reactants in this paper. The products were characterized and the optimum conditions for their synthesis were explored. The Ag particles were deposited on the surface of copper particles to synthesize the core-shell structure of Cu-Ag by replacing the Cu atoms on the surface of Cu particles directly with the Ag atoms and used as fillers to make metal inks with good stability and conductivity. The main contents are as follows: first, on the basis of chemical reduction, several different chemicals such as glucose, hydrazine hydrate and sodium hydrogen hypophosphate were used as reducing agents and PVP (polyvinylpyrrolidone) as protective agent. Nanocrystalline copper nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles and copper-silver core-shell particles were prepared by changing the amount of chemicals and reaction conditions such as temperature. The experimental results showed that the addition of reductant and reaction temperature had great influence on the purity of the product, while the addition of protective agent greatly affected the particle size and dispersity of the product. Secondly, the TEM,SEM,XRD,UV-via, thermogravimetric analysis shows that the pure silver and pure copper particles prepared by the controlled chemical reduction reaction have high purity and uniform particle size distribution. The products were dispersed in the mixed solution of ethanol and glycerol to produce silver conductive ink and copper conductive ink. The writing pattern of the prepared metal ink had good conductivity after high temperature sintering of 160oC in argon atmosphere. The light bulb with connecting voltage can emit bright light, and the resistivity of silver conductive ink can be as low as 8.1 渭 cm, copper conductive ink as low as 20.5 渭 cm. by four-probe test. Thirdly, silver ions are added to the synthesized copper nanoparticles by substitution method. Silver ions are reduced to silver atoms through the surface of copper particles to form a protective shell on the surface of copper particles. The experimental results show that the copper-silver core-shell particles with good coating effect can be synthesized by this simple displacement method, which does not need the protection of other inert gases in the preparation process, and the preparation process is simple. The synthesized product has stronger oxidation resistance and higher electrical conductivity than copper particle. The resistivity of 40% ink is 17.97 渭 cm, which achieves the goal of good conductivity and low cost. It is the best choice for metal ink.
【学位授予单位】：天津理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM241
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 何为;杨颖;王守绪;何波;胡可;;导电油墨制备技术及应用进展[J];材料导报;2009年21期
本文编号：2424448
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