面向V2G应用的双向充放电路及其控制策略的研究
发布时间：2019-02-17 10:34
【摘要】：随着电动汽车(Electric Vehicles, EVs)和智能电网(Smart Grid)应用的不断发展,一方面电动汽车通过充电机从电网吸收有功为储能电池充电(Grid to Vehicle, G2V),另一方面通过充电机将电池储能送往电网(Vehicle to Grid, V2G),这种车-网互动技术越来越受到广泛重视。V2G技术将是未来智能电网建设与应用的重要方向之一,而双向充电机在实现电动汽车与电网能量双向传输的过程中扮演着重要的角色。本文主要研究适用于V2G应用的双向充电机主电路及其控制的关键技术。 本文选择两级式双向电路拓扑—前级采用单相双向全桥变换器,后级采用双有源桥变换器(Dual Active Bridge, DAB)—作为单相双向充电机的主电路。针对后级DC/DC电路在高电压变比应用场合,提出一种并-串型双有源桥的电路拓扑(Parallel-Serial Dual Active Bridge, PSDAB),具体实现方法是将两路传统DAB电路的低压端并联,高压端串联,并让两路DAB电路中对应位置的开关管同时开通和关断。因此文中提出的PSDAB电路可以采取和传统DAB电路一样的移相控制方法以实现软开关。文中还对PSDAB电路进行了损耗分析,并与传统DAB电路的损耗作了比较,指出了本文所研究的PSDAB电路在高电压变比的充电机中应用时具有高效率。 针对充电机的V2G应用,研究了双向充电机充放电模式的控制策略,给出了双闭环控制策略和控制参数的设计方法。并针对电池放电模式下的DAB启动过程,提出一种基于体二极管整流的直流母线建压方法,这种启动方法可以避免直流母线建压过程中出现的电感饱和现象,和因此带来的电流冲击。且本文研究的启动方法无需硬件开销,只需通过数字控制即可实现。为了实现双向充电机的应急供电功能,论文还研究了并网和离网这两种工作模式的切换控制,同时给出了一种数字锁相环(Phase Lock Loop, PLL)的实现方法。 论文为所研究的双向充电机设计了主电路参数和控制系统。给出了双有源桥电路中谐振电感的详细设计过程和变压器的设计方法,并选择了开关器件；采用TI公司的数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Processor, DSP) TMS320F28035作为控制核心,实现了双向充电机的全数字控制。 本文采用PSIM软件对主电路及其控制策略进行了仿真和分析,并在4.6KW的实验样机上实验,仿真和实验结果验证了主电路参数设计的合理性和控制策略的可行性。验证了本文所提出的PSDAB适合用作高电压变比的双向充电机主电路,并获得了高效率。这种电路能实现能量的双向流动,并实现了双向充电机并网和离网运行模式的平滑切换,可作为应急电源使用。可见论文的研究成果可促进电动汽车的V2G应用。
[Abstract]:With the development of electric vehicle (Electric Vehicles, EVs) and smart grid (Smart Grid) application, on the one hand, electric vehicle absorbs active power from power grid to charge energy storage battery (Grid to Vehicle, G2V. On the other hand, the battery energy storage is sent to (Vehicle to Grid, V2G (power grid). This kind of vehicle-network interaction technology has been paid more and more attention. V2G technology will be one of the important directions of smart grid construction and application in the future. The bidirectional charger plays an important role in the process of energy bidirectional transmission between electric vehicle and power grid. In this paper, the main circuit and control technology of bidirectional charging machine suitable for V2G application are studied. In this paper, the two-stage bi-directional circuit topology-front stage adopts single-phase bi-directional full-bridge converter, and the rear stage adopts dual-active bridge converter (Dual Active Bridge, DAB)-as the main circuit of single-phase bidirectional charger. In view of the application of DC/DC circuit in the application of high voltage ratio, a circuit topology of parallel-series-type dual active bridge is proposed. The realization method of Parallel-Serial Dual Active Bridge, PSDAB), is to connect the low-voltage end of two traditional DAB circuits in series, and the high-voltage end is connected in series. And let two DAB circuit corresponding position switch on and off at the same time. Therefore, the proposed PSDAB circuit can adopt the same phase shift control method as the traditional DAB circuit to realize soft switching. The loss of PSDAB circuit is also analyzed and compared with that of traditional DAB circuit. It is pointed out that the PSDAB circuit studied in this paper has high efficiency in the application of high voltage variable ratio charger. Aiming at the application of V2G, the control strategy of charging and discharging mode of bidirectional charger is studied, and the control strategy and the design method of control parameters are given. Aiming at the DAB start-up process in the battery discharge mode, a DC bus voltage building method based on the body diode rectifier is proposed, which can avoid the inductance saturation phenomenon in the DC bus voltage construction process. And the resulting current shock. The startup method studied in this paper does not require hardware overhead, but can be realized by digital control. In order to realize the emergency power supply function of bidirectional charger, the switching control of grid-connected and off-grid operation modes is also studied, and a digital phase-locked loop (Phase Lock Loop, PLL) implementation method is presented. The main circuit parameters and control system are designed for the studied bidirectional charger. The detailed design process of resonant inductance and the design method of transformer in dual active bridge circuit are given, and the switch device is selected. The digital signal processor (Digital Signal Processor, DSP) TMS320F28035) of TI Company is used as the control core to realize the full digital control of the bidirectional charger. In this paper, the main circuit and its control strategy are simulated and analyzed by using PSIM software. The simulation and experimental results on the experimental prototype of 4.6KW verify the rationality of the design of the main circuit parameters and the feasibility of the control strategy. It is verified that the proposed PSDAB is suitable for the bidirectional charging main circuit with high voltage variation ratio and high efficiency. This circuit can realize bidirectional energy flow and smooth switching between grid-connected and off-grid operation mode of bidirectional charger. It can be used as emergency power supply. It can be seen that the research results of this paper can promote the V 2 G application of electric vehicles.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM910.6;U469.72
本文编号：2425078
[Abstract]:With the development of electric vehicle (Electric Vehicles, EVs) and smart grid (Smart Grid) application, on the one hand, electric vehicle absorbs active power from power grid to charge energy storage battery (Grid to Vehicle, G2V. On the other hand, the battery energy storage is sent to (Vehicle to Grid, V2G (power grid). This kind of vehicle-network interaction technology has been paid more and more attention. V2G technology will be one of the important directions of smart grid construction and application in the future. The bidirectional charger plays an important role in the process of energy bidirectional transmission between electric vehicle and power grid. In this paper, the main circuit and control technology of bidirectional charging machine suitable for V2G application are studied. In this paper, the two-stage bi-directional circuit topology-front stage adopts single-phase bi-directional full-bridge converter, and the rear stage adopts dual-active bridge converter (Dual Active Bridge, DAB)-as the main circuit of single-phase bidirectional charger. In view of the application of DC/DC circuit in the application of high voltage ratio, a circuit topology of parallel-series-type dual active bridge is proposed. The realization method of Parallel-Serial Dual Active Bridge, PSDAB), is to connect the low-voltage end of two traditional DAB circuits in series, and the high-voltage end is connected in series. And let two DAB circuit corresponding position switch on and off at the same time. Therefore, the proposed PSDAB circuit can adopt the same phase shift control method as the traditional DAB circuit to realize soft switching. The loss of PSDAB circuit is also analyzed and compared with that of traditional DAB circuit. It is pointed out that the PSDAB circuit studied in this paper has high efficiency in the application of high voltage variable ratio charger. Aiming at the application of V2G, the control strategy of charging and discharging mode of bidirectional charger is studied, and the control strategy and the design method of control parameters are given. Aiming at the DAB start-up process in the battery discharge mode, a DC bus voltage building method based on the body diode rectifier is proposed, which can avoid the inductance saturation phenomenon in the DC bus voltage construction process. And the resulting current shock. The startup method studied in this paper does not require hardware overhead, but can be realized by digital control. In order to realize the emergency power supply function of bidirectional charger, the switching control of grid-connected and off-grid operation modes is also studied, and a digital phase-locked loop (Phase Lock Loop, PLL) implementation method is presented. The main circuit parameters and control system are designed for the studied bidirectional charger. The detailed design process of resonant inductance and the design method of transformer in dual active bridge circuit are given, and the switch device is selected. The digital signal processor (Digital Signal Processor, DSP) TMS320F28035) of TI Company is used as the control core to realize the full digital control of the bidirectional charger. In this paper, the main circuit and its control strategy are simulated and analyzed by using PSIM software. The simulation and experimental results on the experimental prototype of 4.6KW verify the rationality of the design of the main circuit parameters and the feasibility of the control strategy. It is verified that the proposed PSDAB is suitable for the bidirectional charging main circuit with high voltage variation ratio and high efficiency. This circuit can realize bidirectional energy flow and smooth switching between grid-connected and off-grid operation mode of bidirectional charger. It can be used as emergency power supply. It can be seen that the research results of this paper can promote the V 2 G application of electric vehicles.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM910.6;U469.72
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