刚柔耦合风电机组齿轮箱受迫振动分析及疲劳寿命估算
发布时间：2019-02-18 13:19
【摘要】：目前大型风电装机容量稳定增长,机组国产化程度不断提高,而其齿轮箱故障率高,使用寿命短,运行稳定性差。振动和齿轮疲劳是引起以上问题的重要影响因素,因此本文分别从振动和疲劳两方面对风电齿轮箱进行深入的分析和研究,主要工作体现在一下几个方面： (1)本文以某兆瓦级风电齿轮箱的设计图纸为依据,使用三维实体建模软件PRO/E,采用参数化建模方法建立风电齿轮箱传动链各部件的三维实体模型,并根据图纸所示传动链中各部件的相对位置,将各部件合理准确装配,建立风电齿轮箱传动系统的三维实体模型,导入ADAMS生成刚体模型；然后通过ANSYS有限元软件将内齿圈、行星架、行星轮和高速轴柔性化,生成模态中性文件,再导入ADAMS中替换相应的刚体部件,从而建立齿轮箱传动链的刚柔耦合多体动力学模型。 (2)在ADAMS/Vibration平台对风电机组齿轮箱刚柔耦合模型施加合理的约束,以功率谱密度方式(PSD)分别在行星架外连点(interface node)施加波动输入转速激励和在高速轴的外连点添加波动负载转矩激励,然后设置好装配状态点获取方式、仿真步数和频率范围进行受迫振动计算。分别从系统模态、模态参与因子、频率响应曲线等分析了系统的振动特性和设计可行性。 (3)在ADAMS/View平台,对模型施加合理的约束和力,分别在恒定载荷和波动载荷下进行动力学仿真。传动比、啮合力、齿轮接触应力和弯曲应力的仿真结果与理论计算结果对比基本一致,验证了模型、约束和力的合理性。提取出两种工况下应力应变前十个热点和应力应变最大点的随时间变化曲线,总结了其变化规律,指出转速和负载的突变会给结构带来巨大的强度失效破坏。 (4)取两种工况下关键部件的应力仿真结果,利用雨流计数法、材料的P-S-N曲线和Miner疲劳累积损伤理论通过MATLAB编程计算两种工况各部件的疲劳寿命,并对结果进行分析,验证了该设计满足疲劳寿命要求,但除了行星架外其它部件疲劳寿命远大于设计寿命20年,可以适当优化设计,降低成本。
[Abstract]:At present, the installed capacity of large scale wind power is increasing steadily, and the degree of domestication of the unit is increasing continuously. However, its gearbox has high failure rate, short service life and poor operation stability. Vibration and gear fatigue are the important factors that cause the above problems. Therefore, this paper makes a deep analysis and research on the wind power gearbox from the aspects of vibration and fatigue. The main work is as follows: (1) based on the design drawings of a megawatt wind power gearbox, the 3D solid modeling software PRO/E, is used in this paper. The three-dimensional solid model of the components of the transmission chain of the wind power gearbox is established by using the parameterized modeling method. According to the relative position of the components in the transmission chain shown in the drawings, the components are assembled reasonably and accurately. The three-dimensional solid model of wind power gearbox transmission system is established, and the rigid body model is generated by ADAMS. Then, the inner gear ring, planetary frame, planetary gear and high-speed axis are flexible by ANSYS finite element software, and the modal neutral files are generated, and then imported into ADAMS to replace the corresponding rigid body parts, thus the rigid-flexible coupling multi-body dynamic model of the gearbox transmission chain is established. (2) the rigid-flexible coupling model of wind turbine gearbox is constrained reasonably on ADAMS/Vibration platform. The power spectral density (PSD) method is applied to the planetary frame external connection point (interface node) respectively to exert the fluctuation input speed excitation and to add the ripple load torque excitation at the external connection point of the high speed shaft, and then set up the assembly state point acquisition method. The forced vibration is calculated in the range of simulation steps and frequency. The vibration characteristics and design feasibility of the system are analyzed from the system modes, modal participation factors and frequency response curves. (3) on the ADAMS/View platform, the model is subjected to reasonable constraints and forces, and the dynamic simulation is carried out under constant load and fluctuating load, respectively. The simulation results of transmission ratio, meshing force, contact stress and bending stress are in good agreement with the theoretical results, and the rationality of the model, constraint and force is verified. The time-dependent curves of the first ten hot spots of stress and strain and the maximum point of stress and strain under two working conditions were extracted, and the variation rules were summarized. It was pointed out that the sudden change of rotational speed and load would bring great failure to the strength of the structure. (4) taking the stress simulation results of the key components under two working conditions, using the rain flow counting method, the P-S-N curve of the material and the Miner fatigue cumulative damage theory, the fatigue life of the components under two working conditions is calculated by MATLAB programming. The results show that the design meets the requirement of fatigue life, but the fatigue life of other components except the planetary frame is much longer than the design life of 20 years, so the design can be optimized properly and the cost can be reduced.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM315
本文编号：2425877
[Abstract]:At present, the installed capacity of large scale wind power is increasing steadily, and the degree of domestication of the unit is increasing continuously. However, its gearbox has high failure rate, short service life and poor operation stability. Vibration and gear fatigue are the important factors that cause the above problems. Therefore, this paper makes a deep analysis and research on the wind power gearbox from the aspects of vibration and fatigue. The main work is as follows: (1) based on the design drawings of a megawatt wind power gearbox, the 3D solid modeling software PRO/E, is used in this paper. The three-dimensional solid model of the components of the transmission chain of the wind power gearbox is established by using the parameterized modeling method. According to the relative position of the components in the transmission chain shown in the drawings, the components are assembled reasonably and accurately. The three-dimensional solid model of wind power gearbox transmission system is established, and the rigid body model is generated by ADAMS. Then, the inner gear ring, planetary frame, planetary gear and high-speed axis are flexible by ANSYS finite element software, and the modal neutral files are generated, and then imported into ADAMS to replace the corresponding rigid body parts, thus the rigid-flexible coupling multi-body dynamic model of the gearbox transmission chain is established. (2) the rigid-flexible coupling model of wind turbine gearbox is constrained reasonably on ADAMS/Vibration platform. The power spectral density (PSD) method is applied to the planetary frame external connection point (interface node) respectively to exert the fluctuation input speed excitation and to add the ripple load torque excitation at the external connection point of the high speed shaft, and then set up the assembly state point acquisition method. The forced vibration is calculated in the range of simulation steps and frequency. The vibration characteristics and design feasibility of the system are analyzed from the system modes, modal participation factors and frequency response curves. (3) on the ADAMS/View platform, the model is subjected to reasonable constraints and forces, and the dynamic simulation is carried out under constant load and fluctuating load, respectively. The simulation results of transmission ratio, meshing force, contact stress and bending stress are in good agreement with the theoretical results, and the rationality of the model, constraint and force is verified. The time-dependent curves of the first ten hot spots of stress and strain and the maximum point of stress and strain under two working conditions were extracted, and the variation rules were summarized. It was pointed out that the sudden change of rotational speed and load would bring great failure to the strength of the structure. (4) taking the stress simulation results of the key components under two working conditions, using the rain flow counting method, the P-S-N curve of the material and the Miner fatigue cumulative damage theory, the fatigue life of the components under two working conditions is calculated by MATLAB programming. The results show that the design meets the requirement of fatigue life, but the fatigue life of other components except the planetary frame is much longer than the design life of 20 years, so the design can be optimized properly and the cost can be reduced.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM315
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