防御大停电的暂态稳定实时紧急控制研究

发布时间：2019-02-19 08:33

【摘要】：随着电网规模越来越大,节点越来越多,电力系统的安全性和稳定性越来越受到人们的关注。在电力系统发生故障导致暂态失稳以后,如果未能及时采取相应的控制措施可能发展为连锁性故障,最终导致大停电。目前的暂态稳定性分析方法主要包括数值积分法、直接法以及人工智能法等。这些方法在快速性和准确性方面都存在着一定的不足。防御大停电的控制措施主要包括预防控制、紧急控制和恢复控制。紧急控制是指电力系统发生故障后,为防止电力系统失稳或者大停电而采取的控制措施。目前的暂态稳定分析方法和紧急控制切机算法在快速性和准确性方面都存在着一定的不足,亟需提出一种能够克服暂态稳定分析工作量大、紧急控制切机量计算繁琐的新方法。因此,研究电力系统暂态稳定实时紧急控制具有重要的理论意义和广泛的实际价值。首先,针对传统的临界机群筛选方法在准确性方面存在的不足,本文提出了一种新的临界机群筛选方法。该方法结合PMU的实时测量技术,利用发电机的转子角速度、发电机的不平衡功率等构成的复合功角变化量判据进行临界机群的筛选。通过仿真验证了本文筛选方法相比于传统筛选方法的优势。其次,针对暂态稳定分析时机群等值方面效率低的不足,本文提出了一种基于单一发电机组转子角度的暂态稳定分析方法。通过分析比较基于SGEAC的临界机群等值机和基于EEAC的单一等值机的稳定裕度,本文提出了一种新的的暂态稳定分析方法,该方法不必进行机群等值。通过仿真验证了该方法的正确性。再次,针对单机等面积法在切机量方面计算繁琐的弊端,本文提出了一种新的切机量算法。通过对基于SGEAC的临界机群等值机和基于EEAC的单一等值机进行能量比较分析,本文对能量平衡关系中的动能进行了改进。基于故障发生到切除时刻临界机群等值机的加速面积,本文提出了一种新的切机量计算方法。最后,针对目前切机组合方案混乱的局面,本文提出了一种实用的切机组合方案。基于临界机群的筛选、暂态稳定性分析以及紧急控制切机,本文在新英格兰10机39节点系统中完成了基于PSASP的暂态稳定实时紧急控制仿真,验证了本文方案的正确性。
[Abstract]:With the increasing scale of power grid and more nodes, people pay more and more attention to the security and stability of power system. After transient instability is caused by power system fault, if the corresponding control measures are not taken in time, they may develop into cascading faults and eventually lead to blackout. The current transient stability analysis methods include numerical integration method, direct method and artificial intelligence method. These methods have some shortcomings in speed and accuracy. The control measures against blackouts include preventive control, emergency control and recovery control. Emergency control refers to the control measures taken to prevent power system instability or power outage after power system failure. The current transient stability analysis method and the emergency control machine cutting algorithm have some shortcomings in terms of speed and accuracy. It is urgent to put forward a new method which can overcome the heavy workload of transient stability analysis and the tedious calculation of the emergency control cutting machine. Therefore, the study of power system transient stability real-time emergency control has important theoretical significance and extensive practical value. Firstly, a new critical cluster selection method is proposed to overcome the shortcomings of the traditional critical cluster selection methods in terms of accuracy. Combined with the real-time measurement technology of PMU, the complex power angle variation criterion composed of the rotor angular velocity of generator and the unbalanced power of generator is used to screen the critical cluster. The advantages of this method compared with the traditional screening method are verified by simulation. Secondly, a novel transient stability analysis method based on the rotor angle of a single generator set is proposed to overcome the inefficiency of the time group equivalent in transient stability analysis. By analyzing and comparing the stability margin of critical cluster equivalent machines based on SGEAC and single equivalent machines based on EEAC, a new method of transient stability analysis is proposed in this paper. The correctness of the method is verified by simulation. Thirdly, in view of the disadvantages of single machine equal area method in the calculation of cutting machine quantity, a new algorithm of cutting machine quantity is proposed in this paper. By comparing and analyzing the energy of the critical cluster equivalent machine based on SGEAC and the single equivalent machine based on EEAC, the kinetic energy in the energy balance relationship is improved in this paper. Based on the acceleration area of the critical cluster of machines from the fault to the cutting time, a new method for calculating the cutting capacity is presented in this paper. Finally, in view of the chaotic situation of cutting machine combination scheme, a practical cutting machine combination scheme is proposed in this paper. Based on the selection of critical cluster, transient stability analysis and emergency control cutting machine, the transient stability real-time emergency control simulation based on PSASP is completed in New England 10-machine 39-bus system, which verifies the correctness of the proposed scheme.
【学位授予单位】：东北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM712

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