500kV输电线路故障定位与故障综合分析
发布时间：2019-03-04 19:14
【摘要】：500kV电网构成电力系统的基本骨架,故障发生后保护正确的动作及快速准确的故障定位,有着重要的经济意义及社会价值。本文基于现场故障录波数据,对输电线路的实用故障定位方法及其故障分析进行深入研究,主要工作如下：针对输电线路故障定位故障录波器传统的故障起始点检测算法因采样频率限制带来的精度不足问题,提出改进的相电流突变量检测算法,弥补传统故障起始点检测算法的不足。考虑实际采样存在不恰好采到恰为故障起始时刻点,单侧检测结果最大误差为一个采样点。算法通过现场故障线路数据的检测结果与传统检测算法的对比,效果良好,检测准确,为后续进行双端故障定位所需两端同步电气量奠定基础。基于录波联网的非同步数据,提出具有自适应功能的双端非同步故障测距算法。因输电线路较长,其线路参数受到地理环境、天气及老化等影响,实用化测距时对其线路参数进行在线修正,降低测距误差；因硬件装置导致的双端数据不同步问题,进行不同步角度的修正,减少测距误差；对输电线路两端PT、CT数据进行在线极性检测调整,防止因极性不一致问题导致测距失败；测距原理结合序分量法,不受线路故障类型的影响,提高其自适应能力。以录波联网非同步数据为基础对输电线路进行故障综合分析,包括故障选相、系统等值阻抗、过渡阻抗计算等原理及应用分析；同时,对故障线路进行保护动作行为分析,包括距离保护、纵联电流差动保护及方向纵联保护,并与故障录波器所记录的保护分析结果进行对比分析。故障综合分析从理论到实践,又通过实践检验原理的正确性。基于MATLAB中GUIDE模块开发500kV输电线路故障分析与定位系统平台,整个软件平台系统模块化、界面化。软件平台由菜单栏与七个功能模块组成。菜单栏主要实现输电线路参数及故障线路数据的导入、原理的简介及其它说明,其存储均采用数据库式存储方式。七个功能模块分别为电气量模块、波形模块、故障选相模块、故障测距模块、过渡阻抗模块、保护分析模块以及系统阻抗模块。电气量模块用以显示故障线路两端的相量以及序分量；波形模块用以显示故障线路两端故障录波器所记录电气量波形,并实现对波形的放缩以及选择性显示功能；故障选相模块用以对故障线路进行故障选相；故障测距模块用以实现对故障线路不同原理的故障定位功能；过渡阻抗模块用以实现输电线路故障时对过渡阻抗的计算功能；保护分析模块实现对故障线路的距离保护、纵联电流差动保护以及方向纵联保护的分析；系统阻抗模块用以计算输电线路两端的系统等值阻抗。
[Abstract]:500kV power grid constitutes the basic skeleton of power system. It is of great economic significance and social value to protect the correct action and fast and accurate fault location after the fault occurs. Based on-the-spot fault recording data, the practical fault location method and fault analysis of transmission lines are studied in this paper. The main work is as follows: an improved phase current burst detection algorithm for transmission line fault location fault recorder is proposed to solve the problem of insufficient precision caused by the limitation of sampling frequency in the traditional fault starting point detection algorithm for transmission line fault location. It makes up for the deficiency of the traditional fault starting point detection algorithm. The maximum error of one-side detection result is one sampling point, considering that the actual sampling is not exactly the fault start point. By comparing the detection results of field fault line data with the traditional detection algorithm, the algorithm has a good effect and accurate detection, which lays a foundation for the two-terminal fault location to be based on the synchronous electric quantity between the two ends of the two ends. Based on the asynchronous data of recording network, a two-terminal asynchronous fault location algorithm with adaptive function is proposed. Because of the long transmission line, the parameters of transmission line are affected by geographical environment, weather and aging, so the parameters of transmission line are corrected on-line when practical ranging is used to reduce the error of distance measurement. Due to the problem of two-terminal data unsynchronization caused by hardware devices, the error of distance measurement is reduced by correcting the angle of unsynchronization, and the on-line polarity detection and adjustment of PT,CT data at both ends of transmission line is carried out to prevent the failure of ranging due to the problem of inconsistent polarity. The ranging principle combined with the sequential component method is not affected by the fault type of the line and improves its adaptive ability. The fault comprehensive analysis of transmission line is carried out on the basis of non-synchronous data of recording network, including fault phase selection, system equivalent impedance, transition impedance calculation and other principles and application analysis. At the same time, the action behavior of fault line protection is analyzed, including distance protection, longitudinal current differential protection and directional longitudinal protection, and the results are compared with those recorded by fault recorder. Comprehensive fault analysis from theory to practice, but also through practice to verify the correctness of the principle. 500kV transmission line fault analysis and location system platform is developed based on GUIDE module in MATLAB. The whole software platform system is modular and interface. The software platform consists of menu bar and seven functional modules. The menu bar mainly realizes the transmission line parameter and the fault line data import, the principle brief introduction and other explanation, its storage all adopts the database type storage mode. The seven functional modules are electric volume module, waveform module, fault phase selection module, fault distance measurement module, transition impedance module, protection analysis module and system impedance module. The electric volume module is used to display the phasor and sequence component at both ends of the fault line, and the waveform module is used to display the electric volume waveform recorded by the fault recorder at both ends of the fault line, and to realize the scaling and selective display function of the waveform. The fault phase selection module is used to select the fault phase of the fault line, the fault distance module is used to realize the fault location function of different principles of the fault line, the transition impedance module is used to realize the calculation function of the transition impedance when the transmission line fails, and the fault location module is used to realize the fault location function. The protection analysis module realizes the distance protection of the fault line, the analysis of the longitudinal current differential protection and the directional longitudinal protection, and the system impedance module is used to calculate the system equivalent impedance at both ends of the transmission line.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TM75
本文编号：2434551
[Abstract]:500kV power grid constitutes the basic skeleton of power system. It is of great economic significance and social value to protect the correct action and fast and accurate fault location after the fault occurs. Based on-the-spot fault recording data, the practical fault location method and fault analysis of transmission lines are studied in this paper. The main work is as follows: an improved phase current burst detection algorithm for transmission line fault location fault recorder is proposed to solve the problem of insufficient precision caused by the limitation of sampling frequency in the traditional fault starting point detection algorithm for transmission line fault location. It makes up for the deficiency of the traditional fault starting point detection algorithm. The maximum error of one-side detection result is one sampling point, considering that the actual sampling is not exactly the fault start point. By comparing the detection results of field fault line data with the traditional detection algorithm, the algorithm has a good effect and accurate detection, which lays a foundation for the two-terminal fault location to be based on the synchronous electric quantity between the two ends of the two ends. Based on the asynchronous data of recording network, a two-terminal asynchronous fault location algorithm with adaptive function is proposed. Because of the long transmission line, the parameters of transmission line are affected by geographical environment, weather and aging, so the parameters of transmission line are corrected on-line when practical ranging is used to reduce the error of distance measurement. Due to the problem of two-terminal data unsynchronization caused by hardware devices, the error of distance measurement is reduced by correcting the angle of unsynchronization, and the on-line polarity detection and adjustment of PT,CT data at both ends of transmission line is carried out to prevent the failure of ranging due to the problem of inconsistent polarity. The ranging principle combined with the sequential component method is not affected by the fault type of the line and improves its adaptive ability. The fault comprehensive analysis of transmission line is carried out on the basis of non-synchronous data of recording network, including fault phase selection, system equivalent impedance, transition impedance calculation and other principles and application analysis. At the same time, the action behavior of fault line protection is analyzed, including distance protection, longitudinal current differential protection and directional longitudinal protection, and the results are compared with those recorded by fault recorder. Comprehensive fault analysis from theory to practice, but also through practice to verify the correctness of the principle. 500kV transmission line fault analysis and location system platform is developed based on GUIDE module in MATLAB. The whole software platform system is modular and interface. The software platform consists of menu bar and seven functional modules. The menu bar mainly realizes the transmission line parameter and the fault line data import, the principle brief introduction and other explanation, its storage all adopts the database type storage mode. The seven functional modules are electric volume module, waveform module, fault phase selection module, fault distance measurement module, transition impedance module, protection analysis module and system impedance module. The electric volume module is used to display the phasor and sequence component at both ends of the fault line, and the waveform module is used to display the electric volume waveform recorded by the fault recorder at both ends of the fault line, and to realize the scaling and selective display function of the waveform. The fault phase selection module is used to select the fault phase of the fault line, the fault distance module is used to realize the fault location function of different principles of the fault line, the transition impedance module is used to realize the calculation function of the transition impedance when the transmission line fails, and the fault location module is used to realize the fault location function. The protection analysis module realizes the distance protection of the fault line, the analysis of the longitudinal current differential protection and the directional longitudinal protection, and the system impedance module is used to calculate the system equivalent impedance at both ends of the transmission line.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TM75
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前2条
1 蒋春芳;王克英;;基于参数估计的双端不同步故障测距算法[J];继电器;2008年01期
2 王波;周昱勇;;基于PMU的多端传输线路故障定位新方法[J];电力系统保护与控制;2009年12期
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