基于变步长增量电导法的光伏发电系统MPPT控制
发布时间：2019-03-05 18:09
【摘要】：太阳能光伏发电是新能源应用的重要组成部分，具有良好发展前景，得到广泛关注。对光伏发电系统施以最大功率点跟踪控制，可以使系统的输出功率始终保持最大功率输出，是提高系统整体效率的主要手段。最大功率点跟踪控制通常利用阻抗匹配原理，采用DC/DC电路连接光伏组件和负载，通过调节DC/DC电路中开关器件的开关频率，实现阻抗匹配，，达到最大功率传输的目的。国内外学者对光伏发电最大功率点控制技术作了大量的研究，先后设计出多种控制方法，取得了丰富成果。 通过分析光伏电池的输出特性，以及常用最大功率点跟踪控制算法的工作原理及特点。针对传统变步长增量电导法在光照强度发生剧烈变化时，因变步长跟踪模式切换条件固定，变步长跟踪模式的工作范围发生改变，不能维持良好的跟踪性能这一问题，提出了改进策略。根据光伏阵列的输出功率特性，将输出功率作为动态矫正量引入定步长、变步长跟踪模式切换条件中，使得变步长跟踪模式的工作范围能够很好的保持。同时优化了变步长模式下步长变化规则，让变步长跟踪过程更加平稳。 利用光伏阵列工程模型，在MATLAB/simulink仿真平台下建立了光伏电池的仿真模型。根据独立光伏发电系统结构，以Boost电路作为DC/DC变换电路，进一步建立了光伏最大功率点跟踪控制系统仿真模型。仿真模拟光照强度发生剧烈变化情形，对传统变步长增量电导法和改进算法的跟踪性能进行了仿真测试。 最后，以Microchip公司生产的dsPIC33FJ64GS606数字信号控制器作为系统核心控制芯片，根据控制系统电路结构，完成了系统硬件电路设计。利用控制算法的工作原理，使用MPLAB IDE软件完成了系统软件设计。搭建了光照强度控制电路，在室内人为制造光照强度变化环境，分别对传统变步长增量电导法和改进算法的跟踪性能进行了实验测试。 通过仿真和实验验证改进变步长增量电导法的有效性，仿真和实验结果均表明，改进的控制算法比传统变步长算法跟踪鲁棒性更好、适应性更强。尤其在光照强度剧烈的情况下，能够同时保持良好的动态性能和稳态精度。
[Abstract]:Solar photovoltaic power generation is an important part of new energy applications, has a good development prospects, and has been widely concerned. The maximum power point tracking control of photovoltaic power generation system can keep the maximum power output all the time, which is the main means to improve the overall efficiency of the system. The maximum power point tracking control usually uses the impedance matching principle, uses the DC/DC circuit to connect the photovoltaic module and the load. By adjusting the switching frequency of the switch device in the DC/DC circuit, the impedance matching is realized and the maximum power transmission is achieved. Scholars at home and abroad have done a lot of research on the maximum power point control technology of photovoltaic power generation, and have designed a variety of control methods successively, and obtained rich results. The output characteristics of photovoltaic cells and the principle and characteristics of common maximum power point tracking control algorithms are analyzed. Because the switching condition of variable step tracking mode is fixed and the working range of variable step tracking mode is changed, the traditional variable step incremental conductivity method can not maintain good tracking performance when the illumination intensity changes dramatically. The improved strategy is put forward. According to the output power characteristics of photovoltaic array, the output power is introduced into the constant step length as a dynamic correction, and the variable step size tracking mode switching condition makes the working range of variable step tracking mode well maintained. At the same time, the changing rule of step size in variable step mode is optimized to make the tracking process of variable step size more stable. Based on the engineering model of photovoltaic array, the simulation model of photovoltaic cell is established on the MATLAB/simulink simulation platform. According to the structure of stand-alone photovoltaic power generation system, the simulation model of photovoltaic maximum power point tracking control system is established by using Boost circuit as DC/DC converter circuit. The tracking performance of the traditional variable step-length incremental conductivity method and the improved algorithm is simulated and tested by simulating the dramatic change of illumination intensity. Finally, the dsPIC33FJ64GS606 digital signal controller produced by Microchip Company is used as the core control chip of the system. According to the circuit structure of the control system, the hardware circuit design of the system is completed. Based on the working principle of the control algorithm, the system software is designed by using MPLAB IDE software. The light intensity control circuit is built and the tracking performance of the traditional variable step increment conductivity method and the improved algorithm are tested in the indoor artificial environment of light intensity change. The simulation and experiment results show that the improved control algorithm is more robust and adaptive than the traditional variable step algorithm. Especially in the case of intense light intensity, it can maintain good dynamic performance and steady-state precision at the same time.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM615
本文编号：2435159
[Abstract]:Solar photovoltaic power generation is an important part of new energy applications, has a good development prospects, and has been widely concerned. The maximum power point tracking control of photovoltaic power generation system can keep the maximum power output all the time, which is the main means to improve the overall efficiency of the system. The maximum power point tracking control usually uses the impedance matching principle, uses the DC/DC circuit to connect the photovoltaic module and the load. By adjusting the switching frequency of the switch device in the DC/DC circuit, the impedance matching is realized and the maximum power transmission is achieved. Scholars at home and abroad have done a lot of research on the maximum power point control technology of photovoltaic power generation, and have designed a variety of control methods successively, and obtained rich results. The output characteristics of photovoltaic cells and the principle and characteristics of common maximum power point tracking control algorithms are analyzed. Because the switching condition of variable step tracking mode is fixed and the working range of variable step tracking mode is changed, the traditional variable step incremental conductivity method can not maintain good tracking performance when the illumination intensity changes dramatically. The improved strategy is put forward. According to the output power characteristics of photovoltaic array, the output power is introduced into the constant step length as a dynamic correction, and the variable step size tracking mode switching condition makes the working range of variable step tracking mode well maintained. At the same time, the changing rule of step size in variable step mode is optimized to make the tracking process of variable step size more stable. Based on the engineering model of photovoltaic array, the simulation model of photovoltaic cell is established on the MATLAB/simulink simulation platform. According to the structure of stand-alone photovoltaic power generation system, the simulation model of photovoltaic maximum power point tracking control system is established by using Boost circuit as DC/DC converter circuit. The tracking performance of the traditional variable step-length incremental conductivity method and the improved algorithm is simulated and tested by simulating the dramatic change of illumination intensity. Finally, the dsPIC33FJ64GS606 digital signal controller produced by Microchip Company is used as the core control chip of the system. According to the circuit structure of the control system, the hardware circuit design of the system is completed. Based on the working principle of the control algorithm, the system software is designed by using MPLAB IDE software. The light intensity control circuit is built and the tracking performance of the traditional variable step increment conductivity method and the improved algorithm are tested in the indoor artificial environment of light intensity change. The simulation and experiment results show that the improved control algorithm is more robust and adaptive than the traditional variable step algorithm. Especially in the case of intense light intensity, it can maintain good dynamic performance and steady-state precision at the same time.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM615
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