光谱可调的自由曲面LED无影灯及其视觉感知的研究
发布时间：2019-03-18 18:22
【摘要】：随着LED技术的成熟和医疗照明需求的日益复杂化,有关LED在手术无影灯中应用的研究越来越多,并开始出现商业化的LED无影灯产品。跟传统的卤素无影灯系统相比较,虽然LED手术无影灯具有明显的优势,但是其设计理论还没有形成成熟的体系。 本文从无影灯的发展历程出发,对比了目前LED无影灯产品的技术参数,提出了LED无影灯设计的两个关键问题,LED光谱的视觉感知和光学设计。结合LED在医疗中的应用,本文提出了采用光谱可调的LED无影灯增强医生视觉感知的可能；针对无影灯日益复杂的照明要求,提出了用多个自由曲面去解决LED手术无影灯在实际应用中所遇到的光学难题。 在光学设计方面,本文分析了现有光学多自由曲面理论的原理和局限性,提出了序列多自由曲面设计方法。该方法可以将较为复杂的照明需求子目标化,根据子目标化之后的照明要求和前置曲面的光学特性,选取合理的映射关系,分步去实现最终的照明要求,降低了自由曲面的设计难度。针对扩展光源的引入,本文还提出了序列自由曲面的优化方法,并针对扩展光源实现了一款用于圆形均匀照明的全内反射透镜,验证了该优化理论的实用性。 在视觉感知方面,本文着重研究了LED照明光谱与生物样品组织对比度之间的关系。为此,我们建立了一套大型LED测试平台,该平台可以为颜色生理、颜色心理相关实验提供光谱多样的照明支持。为了提高LED测试平台输出光斑的颜色均匀性,本文通过光斑拼接和对自由曲面透镜的优化实现了针对阵列LED光源的大面积混色。为了量化生物样品的组织对比度,本文提出了一种对比度评价模型,该模型不仅可以衡量整个组织样品的对比度信息,同时也可以反映特定区域的细节信息。基于LED测试平台和组织对比度评价模型,通过一系列的实验,得到了用于组织对比度增强的局部最优LED光谱,为光谱可调的LED无影灯在光源选择、光谱优化方面提供了有力的数据支持。 基于序列光学多自由曲面设计方法以及对LED照明视觉效应的进一步认识,本文提出了两套自由曲面LED无影灯。为了解决手术室中普遍存在的气流扰动问题,本文提出了天吊式LED手术无影灯,并采用基于序列多自由曲面设计方法的光学系统,实现了其苛刻的照明设计要求。为了改进吊塔式无影灯的光学性能,本文提出了卫星式LED多光谱无影灯的概念,结合LED的排布和自由曲面准直透镜的设计,保证了该无影灯系统良好的照明输出,并通过模拟和实验研究了该系统的性能。 最后,本文对光谱可调LED自由曲面无影灯的研究进行了总结,并提出在今后研究中应该注意的问题。
[Abstract]:With the maturity of LED technology and the increasing complexity of medical lighting demand, more and more research has been done on the application of LED in surgical shadowless lamps, and commercial LED shadowless lamp products have begun to appear. Compared with the traditional halogen shadow-free lamp system, although the LED operation shadow-free lamp has obvious advantages, its design theory has not yet formed a mature system. Starting from the development of shadowless lamps, this paper compares the technical parameters of LED shadowless lamps at present, and puts forward two key problems in the design of LED shadowless lamps, the visual perception and optical design of LED spectra. Combined with the application of LED in medical treatment, this paper puts forward the possibility of using spectral adjustable LED shadow-free lamp to enhance the doctor's visual perception. In view of the increasingly complex lighting requirements of shadowless lamps, several free-form surfaces are proposed to solve the optical problems encountered in the practical application of shadowless lamps in LED operation. In the aspect of optical design, this paper analyzes the principle and limitation of the existing theory of optical multi-free surface, and puts forward the design method of sequential multi-free surface. This method can make the complicated lighting demand sub-target. According to the lighting requirement after sub-standardization and the optical characteristics of the front surface, the reasonable mapping relationship can be selected to realize the final lighting requirement step by step. The design difficulty of freeform surface is reduced. In view of the introduction of extended light source, the optimization method of sequential free-form surface is also proposed in this paper, and a total internal reflection lens for circular uniform illumination is implemented for the extended light source, which verifies the practicability of the optimization theory. In the aspect of visual perception, this paper focuses on the relationship between LED illumination spectrum and tissue contrast of biological samples. Therefore, we set up a large-scale LED test platform, which can provide spectral lighting support for color physiology and color psychology related experiments. In order to improve the color uniformity of the output light spot of the LED test platform, a large area color mixing for the array LED light source is realized through spot splicing and optimization of the free-form surface lens. In order to quantify the tissue contrast of biological samples, this paper presents a contrast evaluation model, which can not only measure the contrast information of the whole tissue sample, but also reflect the detail information of the specific area. Based on LED test platform and tissue contrast evaluation model, a series of experiments have been carried out to obtain the local optimal LED spectrum for tissue contrast enhancement, which is selected as a spectral adjustable LED shadow-free lamp in the light source. Spectral optimization provides strong data support. Based on the design method of sequential optical multi-free surface and the further understanding of the visual effect of LED lighting, two sets of free-form surface LED shadowless lamps are proposed in this paper. In order to solve the problem of airflow disturbance in operating room, this paper presents a skysuspended LED operation shadow-free lamp, and an optical system based on sequential multi-free surface design method is adopted to realize its demanding lighting design requirements. In order to improve the optical performance of tower-type shadow-free lamp, the concept of satellite-type LED multi-spectral shadow-free lamp is proposed in this paper. Combining with the arrangement of LED and the design of free-form surface collimation lens, the good lighting output of the shadowless lamp system is guaranteed. The performance of the system is studied by simulation and experiment. Finally, this paper summarizes the research of spectral adjustable LED free-form surface shadowless lamp, and puts forward some problems that should be paid attention to in the future research.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM923.34
本文编号：2443112
[Abstract]:With the maturity of LED technology and the increasing complexity of medical lighting demand, more and more research has been done on the application of LED in surgical shadowless lamps, and commercial LED shadowless lamp products have begun to appear. Compared with the traditional halogen shadow-free lamp system, although the LED operation shadow-free lamp has obvious advantages, its design theory has not yet formed a mature system. Starting from the development of shadowless lamps, this paper compares the technical parameters of LED shadowless lamps at present, and puts forward two key problems in the design of LED shadowless lamps, the visual perception and optical design of LED spectra. Combined with the application of LED in medical treatment, this paper puts forward the possibility of using spectral adjustable LED shadow-free lamp to enhance the doctor's visual perception. In view of the increasingly complex lighting requirements of shadowless lamps, several free-form surfaces are proposed to solve the optical problems encountered in the practical application of shadowless lamps in LED operation. In the aspect of optical design, this paper analyzes the principle and limitation of the existing theory of optical multi-free surface, and puts forward the design method of sequential multi-free surface. This method can make the complicated lighting demand sub-target. According to the lighting requirement after sub-standardization and the optical characteristics of the front surface, the reasonable mapping relationship can be selected to realize the final lighting requirement step by step. The design difficulty of freeform surface is reduced. In view of the introduction of extended light source, the optimization method of sequential free-form surface is also proposed in this paper, and a total internal reflection lens for circular uniform illumination is implemented for the extended light source, which verifies the practicability of the optimization theory. In the aspect of visual perception, this paper focuses on the relationship between LED illumination spectrum and tissue contrast of biological samples. Therefore, we set up a large-scale LED test platform, which can provide spectral lighting support for color physiology and color psychology related experiments. In order to improve the color uniformity of the output light spot of the LED test platform, a large area color mixing for the array LED light source is realized through spot splicing and optimization of the free-form surface lens. In order to quantify the tissue contrast of biological samples, this paper presents a contrast evaluation model, which can not only measure the contrast information of the whole tissue sample, but also reflect the detail information of the specific area. Based on LED test platform and tissue contrast evaluation model, a series of experiments have been carried out to obtain the local optimal LED spectrum for tissue contrast enhancement, which is selected as a spectral adjustable LED shadow-free lamp in the light source. Spectral optimization provides strong data support. Based on the design method of sequential optical multi-free surface and the further understanding of the visual effect of LED lighting, two sets of free-form surface LED shadowless lamps are proposed in this paper. In order to solve the problem of airflow disturbance in operating room, this paper presents a skysuspended LED operation shadow-free lamp, and an optical system based on sequential multi-free surface design method is adopted to realize its demanding lighting design requirements. In order to improve the optical performance of tower-type shadow-free lamp, the concept of satellite-type LED multi-spectral shadow-free lamp is proposed in this paper. Combining with the arrangement of LED and the design of free-form surface collimation lens, the good lighting output of the shadowless lamp system is guaranteed. The performance of the system is studied by simulation and experiment. Finally, this paper summarizes the research of spectral adjustable LED free-form surface shadowless lamp, and puts forward some problems that should be paid attention to in the future research.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM923.34
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前2条
1 吴仍茂;屠大维;黄志华;;一种实现大功率LED均匀照明的投射器设计[J];应用光学;2009年03期
2 张新;许英朝;;光学自由曲面的检测方法[J];中国光学与应用光学;2008年Z1期
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