基于Ansoft的电励磁爪极发电机磁场分析与径向电磁力计算

发布时间：2019-04-01 07:47

【摘要】：现代社会随着汽车上各种电力负载的不断增长以及人们对汽车智能化、舒适性所提出来的越来越高要求,汽车的综合性能就显得至关重要。由于爪极式发电机具有重量轻、体积小等特点,因此通过其与蓄电池并联而被广泛应用于汽车电源供电系统,但是也正是由于此电机转子采用爪极这种特殊结构,同时伴随着电机材料、结构、生产工艺等方面存在的诸多问题,目前限制爪极发电机发展的地方主要有：漏磁大,输出效率较低、中低转速下电磁噪声较大。因此对爪极发电机内部电磁场进行合理分析,同时采用理论计算与有限元相结合的方法求解电机气隙中径向电磁力,并对造成本课题中电机电磁噪声的36阶次径向电磁力进行了具体计算,本课题研究对提高爪极发电机综合性能提供一定的理论参考。本文采用三维有限元分析软件Ansoft通过前处理、模型仿真、后处理等操作,对某型号爪极发电机三维静态场和瞬态场进行电磁建模,通过有限元计算方法对电机内部磁场进行了细致的研究与分析,并重点分析了该电机额定转速下空载与负载情况下的内部磁场,考虑电枢反应对电机磁场作用,同时研究了定子高度,气隙长度,爪极尖部厚度与宽度和爪极根部厚度和宽度等结构参数对爪极式发电机输出性能的影响规律,为爪极电机性能提高提供理论参考。最后,通过磁势乘磁导法计算了公司某型号爪极式发电机3000rpm下气隙中径向电磁力波幅值,重点求解了36阶力波,此阶力波是爪极产生同步电机电磁噪声的主要因素；并采用时步有限元法对该径向电磁力波进行了求解,理论计算的准确性得到验证,噪声实验结果也证明了此计算方法的可靠性。
[Abstract]:In modern society, with the increasing of all kinds of electric loads and the higher and higher requirements for intelligent and comfortable automobile, the comprehensive performance of automobile becomes more and more important. Because the claw pole generator has the characteristics of light weight and small volume, it is widely used in the automobile power supply system through its parallel connection with the battery, but it is precisely because the rotor of the motor adopts this special structure of claw pole. At the same time, with the problems of motor material, structure, production technology and so on, the development of claw-pole generator is restricted mainly by magnetic flux leakage, low output efficiency and high electromagnetic noise at low-and medium-speed. Therefore, the internal electromagnetic field of the claw-pole generator is analyzed reasonably, and the radial electromagnetic force in the air gap of the motor is solved by the combination of theoretical calculation and finite element method. The 36-order radial electromagnetic force which causes the electromagnetic noise of the motor in this subject is calculated in detail, which provides a theoretical reference for improving the comprehensive performance of the claw-pole generator. In this paper, three-dimensional finite element analysis software Ansoft is used to model three-dimensional static and transient fields of a claw-pole generator through pre-processing, model simulation, post-processing and so on. The internal magnetic field of the motor is studied and analyzed in detail by the finite element method, and the internal magnetic field under the rated speed of the motor and under the condition of the load is emphatically analyzed, and the effect of armature reaction on the magnetic field of the motor is considered. At the same time, the influence of stator height, air gap length, the thickness and width of claw pole tip and the thickness and width of claw pole root on the output performance of claw pole generator is studied, which provides a theoretical reference for improving the performance of claw pole generator. Finally, the amplitude of radial electromagnetic force wave in air gap under 3000rpm of a claw pole generator is calculated by using magnetic potential multiplying magnetic conductivity method, and 36 order force wave is solved emphatically. This order force wave is the main factor of generating electromagnetic noise of synchronous motor in claw pole. The time-stepping finite element method is used to solve the radial electromagnetic force wave. The accuracy of the theoretical calculation is verified. The noise experimental results also prove the reliability of the calculation method.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM31

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