微小型压电式风能收集器的设计与研究

发布时间：2019-04-19 08:52

【摘要】：微小型压电式风能收集技术是微能源领域中新的研究方向,为微小型低功耗器件的供电提供了一种新的思路和方法,具有巨大的应用潜力和研究价值。但是现有的微小型压电式风能收集器结构复杂、输出电压低、功率密度小、能量收集效率低。为了克服现有的压电式风能收集器存在的问题,基于压电原理和风致振动机理,在尾迹振动、涡激振动、驰振三种单自由度风能收集器结构的基础上,本文提出了两种新型的两自由度微小型压电式风能收集器,即驰振-尾迹风能收集器和驰振-涡激结构耦合风能收集器,它们均可应用于低风速环境中,能够充分利用尾流中的卡门涡街,具有结构简单、紧凑,易于实现等优点。并对两种新型的两自由度收集器建立了理论模型,进行了模拟仿真和理论分析。搭建了实验平台,加工制作了尾迹振动、涡激振动、驰振、驰振-尾迹、驰振-涡激结构耦合这五种结构的收集器样机,并对样机进行了实验测试。最后主要从风速、质量块面积、内梁长度三个方面对这五种结构的风能收集器输出电压的影响进行了对比研究。系统的实验结果和综合分析表明:在单自由度风能收集器中,涡激振动风能收集器的输出电压高于尾迹振动风能收集器;新提出的两种两自由度风能收集器(驰振-尾迹收集器和驰振-涡激结构耦合收集器)与三种单自由度风能收集器(尾迹振动收集器、涡激振动收集器、驰振收集器)相比较,明显提高了输出电压;在两种新型的两自由度收集器中,驰振-涡激结构耦合收集器的输出电压又高于驰振-尾迹收集器,因而是这五种风能收集器中性能最好的。此外,研究结果也表明当外梁长度一定时,通过调节内梁长度及其末端质量块的面积可以更进一步提高两种两自由度收集器结构整体的输出电压。
[Abstract]:Micro-piezoelectric wind energy collection technology is a new research direction in the field of micro-energy, which provides a new idea and method for the power supply of micro-and low-power devices, and has great application potential and research value. However, the existing micro-piezoelectric wind energy collector has complex structure, low output voltage, low power density and low energy collection efficiency. In order to overcome the problems existing in the existing piezoelectric wind energy collector, based on the piezoelectric principle and wind-induced vibration mechanism, based on the wake vibration, vortex-induced vibration and galloping vibration, the structure of three single-degree-of-freedom wind energy collectors is presented. In this paper, two new types of two-degree-of-freedom micro-piezoelectric wind energy collectors, namely galloping-wake wind energy collector and galloping-vortex coupled wind energy collector, are proposed. They can be used in low wind speed environment. It can make full use of the Karman vortex street in the wake, and has the advantages of simple structure, compact structure and easy realization. The theoretical models of two new two-degree-of-freedom collectors are established, and the simulation and theoretical analysis are carried out. The experimental platform is set up and the collector prototype of five kinds of structures, including wake vibration, vortex-induced vibration, flutter-wake, galloping-vortex-excited structure coupling, is fabricated, and the prototype is tested experimentally. Finally, the effects of wind speed, mass block area and the length of inner beam on the output voltage of the wind energy collector with these five structures are compared. The experimental results and comprehensive analysis show that the output voltage of vortex-induced vibration wind energy collector is higher than that of wake vibration wind energy collector in single-degree-of-freedom wind energy collector. Two new two-degree-of-freedom wind energy collectors (galloping-wake collector and flashover-vortex coupled collector) are compared with three kinds of single-degree-of-freedom wind energy collectors (wake collector, vortex-induced vibration collector, galloping collector), and two new wind energy collectors with two degrees of freedom (galloping-wake collector and flashover-vortex-excited structure coupling collector) are proposed. The output voltage is obviously increased; In two new two-degree-of-freedom collectors, the output voltage of the coupled flashover-vortex-excited collector is higher than that of the flashover-wake collector, so the performance of the five wind energy collectors is the best. In addition, the results show that when the length of the external beam is fixed, the output voltage of the two-degree-of-freedom collector structures can be further improved by adjusting the length of the inner beam and the area of the end mass block.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM614

【相似文献】