超声电机驱动控制技术的研究

发布时间：2019-05-07 17:26

【摘要】：作为一种新型原理的电机,超声电机以其独有的结构紧凑、低速大转矩、断电自锁、无电磁干扰及响应速度快等优点得到了越来越广泛的关注与应用。近些年来,科技界对超声电机驱动控制技术的研究倍加重视,它也是当前机电一体化领域的一个新的研究热点。首先,本文介绍了超声电机的工作特点、发展历史及其应用的场合,概述了超声电机驱动控制技术的研究现状,并对超声电机的基本结构以及运行机理和调速原理做了阐述。其次,研制了基于DSP的超声电机驱动控制系统,该系统可对超声电机分别进行调压、调频、调相控制,并且采用了多个反馈模块,可以对超声电机的转速、电压以及电流的信息进行反馈采集,从而形成了一个闭环的控制系统。最后,采用了经遗传算法优化的BP神经网络的超声电机转速控制方法。在设计的通用驱动控制系统基础上,对超声电机的转速输出误差进行控制,并且进行了电机的启动测试和长时间稳定运行实验。实验结果表明,优化后的BP神经网络算法显著减小了超声电机的转速输出误差,改善了电机的性能。
[Abstract]:As a new type of motor, ultrasonic motor has been paid more and more attention and applied because of its unique advantages, such as compact structure, low speed and large torque, power-off self-locking, no electromagnetic interference and fast response speed. In recent years, the research of ultrasonic motor drive control technology has been paid more and more attention in the field of science and technology, and it is also a new research hotspot in the field of mechatronics. Firstly, this paper introduces the working characteristics, development history and application of ultrasonic motor, summarizes the research status of driving control technology of ultrasonic motor, and expounds the basic structure, operation mechanism and speed regulation principle of ultrasonic motor. Secondly, the drive control system of ultrasonic motor based on DSP is developed. The system can adjust voltage, frequency modulation and phase modulation of ultrasonic motor respectively, and adopt several feedback modules, which can control the speed of ultrasonic motor. A closed-loop control system is formed by feedback acquisition of voltage and current information. Finally, the speed control method of ultrasonic motor based on BP neural network optimized by genetic algorithm is proposed. Based on the design of the universal drive control system, the output error of ultrasonic motor is controlled, and the start-up test and long-time stable operation experiment of the motor are carried out. The experimental results show that the optimized BP neural network algorithm can significantly reduce the output error of ultrasonic motor speed and improve the performance of the motor.
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TM359.9

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