配电变压器经济运行及自动投切装置研究
发布时间：2019-05-24 00:57
【摘要】：在电力系统中,变压器是必不可少的电气设备之一,其总容量远远超过发电机总容量,电能损耗占电力系统网损的很大一部分,因此变压器的利用方式经济与否直接影响着电能损耗的大小。配电变压器为电网最末端变压器,数量大、自动化程度较低、处于不经济运行状态损耗大,其实施经济运行具有较大的经济应用价值,实现配电变压器的经济运行能够降低供电部门的维护成本,降低工厂的生产成本,达到节能减排目的。基于配电变压器节能空间较大及自动化程度低的原因,本文把配电网末端的双绕组变压器作为主要研究对象,对如何降低配电变压器运行中的损耗实现经济运行以及如何确定经济运行的投切时机做出了分析,通过实例计算说明配电网变压器实行经济运行的节能效果。因配电网端变压器数量大、分布广,如果用人工手动进行变压器经济运行方式的切换,将耗费巨大的人力和时间,因此本文开发了变压器经济运行自动投切装置,进行变压器的自动投切,对提高配电变压器自动化程度、推进配电变压器实行经济运行有重要意义。本文的具体研究内容是：1.结合负荷曲线,由不同运行方式的变压器损耗曲线交点划分出变压器初始运行区段。运用模糊决策法,综合考虑各初始运行区间时间长度以及节电量因素的影响,计算出各个运行区段的优度值,并进行排序。不断去除优度值小的运行区段,直到达到变压器投切次数要求,得出变压器最优的经济运行方式及投切点。2.根据负荷曲线,按照一定的规则,划分出负荷的变化趋势区间。利用时段控制法将模糊决策法得出的经济运行投切点进行改进,将原经济运行投切固定点转换成投切时间段,降低投切时刻对负荷曲线的依赖度,使其更适应实际负荷曲线,更具灵活性。3.以某小区和工厂实际负荷情况做算例,用上述决策方法对并列运行和分列运行的变压器进行经济运行分析,得出其最优经济运行方式。算例分析结果表明,上述经济运行投切决策方法,能够有据降低变压器的投切次数,追求较大节电效益。变压器实行经济运行能有效减小变压器损耗,降低企业的用电生产成本。4.开发了以DSP2812为核心控制的自动投切装置,装置对于分列和并列运行变压器经济运行均适用,能够自动控制变压器的投切,使变压器处于经济运行状态。装置中加入了涌流抑制功能,抑制空投变压器的励磁涌流,使变压器经济运行更加可行。论文给出了装置的硬件结构及自动投切运行算法。用样机进行试验,试验结果表明装置实现了预期功能。
[Abstract]:In the power system, transformer is one of the indispensable electrical equipment, its total capacity far exceeds the total capacity of the generator, and the power loss accounts for a large part of the network loss of the power system. Therefore, whether the utilization mode of transformer is economical or not directly affects the size of power loss. Distribution transformer is the terminal transformer of power grid, which has the advantages of large number, low degree of automation, large loss in uneconomical operation, and its economic operation has great economic application value. The economic operation of distribution transformer can reduce the maintenance cost of power supply department, reduce the production cost of factory, and achieve the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction. Based on the reason of large energy saving space and low automation degree of distribution transformer, this paper takes the double winding transformer at the end of distribution network as the main research object. This paper analyzes how to reduce the loss in the operation of distribution transformer to realize the economic operation and how to determine the switching time of the economic operation, and illustrates the energy saving effect of the economic operation of the distribution network transformer through an example calculation. Because of the large number and wide distribution of transformers at the end of the distribution network, it will take a lot of manpower and time to switch the economical operation mode of the transformer manually, so this paper develops an automatic switching device for the economic operation of the transformer. Automatic switching and switching of transformers is of great significance to improve the degree of automation of distribution transformers and promote the economic operation of distribution transformers. The specific research contents of this paper are as follows: 1. Combined with the load curve, the initial operation section of the transformer is divided by the intersection point of the transformer loss curve of different operation modes. By using the fuzzy decision method, considering the influence of the time length of each initial operation interval and the power saving factor, the optimal values of each operation section are calculated and sorted. The operation section with small excellent value is constantly removed until the requirements of transformer switching times are met, and the optimal economic operation mode and switching point of transformer are obtained. 2. According to the load curve and certain rules, the changing trend interval of load is divided. The period control method is used to improve the investment point of economic operation obtained by fuzzy decision method, and the fixed point of the original economic operation is converted into the switching time period, so as to reduce the dependence of the switching time on the load curve and make it more suitable for the actual load curve. More flexible. 3. Taking the actual load of a district and factory as an example, the economic operation of transformers running side by side and running separately is analyzed by using the above decision method, and the optimal economic operation mode is obtained. The results of example analysis show that the above economic operation switching decision method can reduce the switching times of transformers and pursue greater power saving benefits. The economical operation of transformer can effectively reduce the loss of transformer and reduce the cost of power consumption in enterprises. 4. An automatic switching device with DSP2812 as the core control is developed. the device is suitable for the economic operation of the transformer in separate and parallel operation, and can automatically control the switching of the transformer and make the transformer in an economical operation state. The inrush current suppression function is added to the device to restrain the inrush current of the air drop transformer, which makes the economical operation of the transformer more feasible. In this paper, the hardware structure and automatic switching algorithm of the device are given. The prototype is used to carry out the test, and the test results show that the device realizes the expected function.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TM421
本文编号：2484409
[Abstract]:In the power system, transformer is one of the indispensable electrical equipment, its total capacity far exceeds the total capacity of the generator, and the power loss accounts for a large part of the network loss of the power system. Therefore, whether the utilization mode of transformer is economical or not directly affects the size of power loss. Distribution transformer is the terminal transformer of power grid, which has the advantages of large number, low degree of automation, large loss in uneconomical operation, and its economic operation has great economic application value. The economic operation of distribution transformer can reduce the maintenance cost of power supply department, reduce the production cost of factory, and achieve the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction. Based on the reason of large energy saving space and low automation degree of distribution transformer, this paper takes the double winding transformer at the end of distribution network as the main research object. This paper analyzes how to reduce the loss in the operation of distribution transformer to realize the economic operation and how to determine the switching time of the economic operation, and illustrates the energy saving effect of the economic operation of the distribution network transformer through an example calculation. Because of the large number and wide distribution of transformers at the end of the distribution network, it will take a lot of manpower and time to switch the economical operation mode of the transformer manually, so this paper develops an automatic switching device for the economic operation of the transformer. Automatic switching and switching of transformers is of great significance to improve the degree of automation of distribution transformers and promote the economic operation of distribution transformers. The specific research contents of this paper are as follows: 1. Combined with the load curve, the initial operation section of the transformer is divided by the intersection point of the transformer loss curve of different operation modes. By using the fuzzy decision method, considering the influence of the time length of each initial operation interval and the power saving factor, the optimal values of each operation section are calculated and sorted. The operation section with small excellent value is constantly removed until the requirements of transformer switching times are met, and the optimal economic operation mode and switching point of transformer are obtained. 2. According to the load curve and certain rules, the changing trend interval of load is divided. The period control method is used to improve the investment point of economic operation obtained by fuzzy decision method, and the fixed point of the original economic operation is converted into the switching time period, so as to reduce the dependence of the switching time on the load curve and make it more suitable for the actual load curve. More flexible. 3. Taking the actual load of a district and factory as an example, the economic operation of transformers running side by side and running separately is analyzed by using the above decision method, and the optimal economic operation mode is obtained. The results of example analysis show that the above economic operation switching decision method can reduce the switching times of transformers and pursue greater power saving benefits. The economical operation of transformer can effectively reduce the loss of transformer and reduce the cost of power consumption in enterprises. 4. An automatic switching device with DSP2812 as the core control is developed. the device is suitable for the economic operation of the transformer in separate and parallel operation, and can automatically control the switching of the transformer and make the transformer in an economical operation state. The inrush current suppression function is added to the device to restrain the inrush current of the air drop transformer, which makes the economical operation of the transformer more feasible. In this paper, the hardware structure and automatic switching algorithm of the device are given. The prototype is used to carry out the test, and the test results show that the device realizes the expected function.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TM421
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前2条
1 侯元文;张青峰;;变压器经济运行在变电站的实践[J];电力系统保护与控制;2010年10期
2 陈举忠,蒋和中;两回专用供电线路的经济运行[J];节能;2000年06期
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