开放式绕组永磁同步电机在纯电动轿车上的应用研究
发布时间：2019-05-30 08:57
【摘要】：当前由于世界的石油资源枯竭、汽车尾气导致的空气污染以及日益严重的全球变暖等问题，无疑会使得汽车工业的发展方向定格为低碳、节能和环保。对世界各国来说，广泛的发展新能源汽车是非常有必要的。由于世界的石油资源是有限的，新能源汽车的兴起有利于节省石油资源，减少CO2排放，对保护人类社会的发展环境有着重大意义。其中，纯电动汽车是由电机驱动取代发动机驱动，因此具有了零排放有害物质的优点。 作为纯电动轿车的仅有的驱动源—电机系统，是科研人员研发的重中之重，所以电机的效率直接影响到整车的能量消耗。在电机全部类型之中，永磁同步电机因在功率因数和高效率方面的优势，日益得到广泛的关注。 开放式绕组永磁同步电机即将传统永磁同步电机Y型绕组连接的中性点打开，将中性点两端的六根引线引出电机，每三根引线连接一个逆变器，这样就相当于在电机两侧各连接一个逆变器，组成了双逆变器结构系统。相比传统单逆变器结构系统，该结构系统有效的减少了功率开关数量规模。但是研究人员主要研究将其应用到交流感应电机上，，研究将其应用到永磁同步电机上的相关资料非常少，因此该系统结构在永磁同步电机上的应用存在着广阔的空间。 以课题组独立研究的课题“电动车双逆变器开放式绕组永磁同步电机切换过程控制研究”为依托，通过项目研究，掌握开放式绕组永磁同步电机切换过程的关键技术，搭建基于开放式绕组永磁同步电机的整车控制策略模型，完成应用开放式绕组永磁同步电机的整车经济性分析。主要研究内容如下： 从应用开放式绕组永磁同步电机应用于整车的目的出发，首先对开放式绕组永磁同步电机工作特性进行分析，进行台架试验验证开放式绕组永磁同步电机的工作特性，用OPPeD软件得出基于整车需求的电机效率图，以保证基于开放式绕组永磁同步电机的整车模型仿真分析的准确。同时结合纯电动轿车的循环行驶工况分析，将两种典型工况下的能量消耗率作为衡量指标，在完成开放式绕组永磁同步电机参数匹配的基础上建立整车模型进行经济性仿真分析，验证开放式绕组永磁同步电机应用于整车的经济性优势。 主要研究为： 一、研究开放式绕组永磁同步电机的工作特性，并完成参数匹配。针对纯电动轿车整车对驱动电机的要求，分析开放式绕组电机的外特性和效率特性。根据目标车型的动力性要求以及运行工况分析确定开放式绕组电机Y/△绕组的峰值与额定参数的范围。在此基础上运用遗传算法确定完成开放式绕组电机的各参数具体取值。 二、完成开放式绕组永磁同步电机台架试验。获得开放式绕组永磁同步电机的外特性和效率特性曲线。 三、制定开放式绕组永磁同步电机的绕组选择控制策略。根据开放式绕组永磁同步电机的外特性，划分电机工作区间，制定绕组选择控制策略。 四、完成基于开放式绕组永磁同步电机的整车模型性能仿真分析。首先根据OPPeD电机软件获取开放式绕组试验电机的效率map，根据仿真结果验证开放式绕组试验电机的外特性和效率特性与理论分析的结果是一致的。继而在OPPeD电机仿真软件中获取开放式绕组车用电机效率map。最后建立开放式绕组永磁同步电机模型及绕组选择控制策略，仿真分析纯电动轿车的动力性与经济性。最后根据两种典型工况下的整车经济性仿真分析可以得出结论：开放式绕组电机比传统电机更能提高电机系统的效率和整车的经济性。
[Abstract]:At present, because of the depletion of the world's petroleum resources, the air pollution caused by automobile exhaust and the increasing global warming, it is no doubt that the development direction of the automobile industry is the low-carbon, energy-saving and environment-friendly. It is very necessary for the countries of the world to develop new and new energy vehicles. As the world's petroleum resources are limited, the rise of new energy vehicles is beneficial to saving oil resources and reducing the emission of CO2, which is of great significance for protecting the development environment of human society. In which the pure electric automobile is driven by a motor to replace an engine, so that the pure electric automobile has the advantages of zero emission of harmful substances. As the only driving source and motor system of the pure electric car, it is the most important research and development of the research personnel, so the efficiency of the motor directly affects the energy of the whole vehicle. With the advantages of power factor and high efficiency, the permanent magnet synchronous motor is widely used in all types of the motor Note: The open-winding permanent-magnet synchronous motor is about to open the neutral point of the traditional permanent-magnet synchronous motor Y-type winding, and the six lead-out motors at the two ends of the neutral point are led out, and each three leads are connected with an inverter, which corresponds to connecting one of the two sides of the motor The inverter forms a double-inverter junction and compared with the conventional single-inverter structure system, the structure system effectively reduces the number of power switches, However, the application of the system to the permanent magnet synchronous motor is very small, so the system has a wide application in the permanent magnet synchronous motor Based on the project "Study on the control of the switching process of the open-winding permanent-magnet synchronous motor of the double-inverter of" of the independent research of the research group, the key technology of the switching process of the open-type permanent-magnet synchronous motor is grasped through the project research, and the whole-vehicle control based on the open-type permanent-magnet synchronous motor is set up. Complete the whole vehicle with open-winding permanent-magnet synchronous motor by making the strategy model economic analysis The contents of the study are as follows: from the application of the open-winding permanent-magnet synchronous motor to the purpose of the whole vehicle, the working characteristics of the open-winding permanent-magnet synchronous motor are analyzed, and the bench test is carried out to verify the permanent-magnet synchronization of the open-type winding The operation characteristics of the motor and the OPPeD software are used to obtain the motor efficiency diagram based on the requirement of the whole vehicle, so as to ensure the complete vehicle model based on the open-type winding permanent-magnet synchronous motor Based on the analysis of the cycle running condition of the pure electric car, the energy consumption rate of the two typical working conditions is used as the measurement index, and the whole vehicle model is built on the basis of completing the parameter matching of the open-type permanent magnet synchronous motor. Economic simulation and analysis to verify the application of open-winding permanent-magnet synchronous motor the economy of the car is excellent The main research is as follows:1. To study the work of open-winding permanent-magnet synchronous motor The characteristics and the matching of the parameters are completed. The open-ended winding is analyzed for the requirements of the pure electric car on the drive motor The external characteristics and efficiency characteristics of the motor are determined according to the power performance requirements of the target vehicle type and the operation condition analysis The range of the peak value and the rated parameter is determined by using the genetic algorithm. The specific value of each parameter of the group motor is as follows:2. Complete the opening The bench test of the permanent magnet synchronous motor of the winding-type winding is to obtain the open-winding permanent-magnet synchronous The external characteristic and the efficiency characteristic curve of the motor. the invention relates to a winding selection control strategy of a permanent-magnet synchronous motor, in that work interval, the control strategy of the win selection is set up, and four, the open type winding is finished, The performance simulation of the whole vehicle model of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is analyzed. First, the efficiency map of the open-type winding test motor is obtained according to the OPPeD motor software, and the external characteristic of the open-type winding test motor is verified according to the simulation results. and the simulation software of the OPPeD motor in that method, an open-type winding permanent-magnet synchronous motor model and a winding selection control strategy are finally established, The dynamic and economical performance of the pure electric car is simulated and analyzed. Finally, according to the simulation analysis of the whole vehicle economy under two typical working conditions, it can be concluded that the open-type winding motor is more than that of the conventional electric machine.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U469.72;TM341
[Abstract]:At present, because of the depletion of the world's petroleum resources, the air pollution caused by automobile exhaust and the increasing global warming, it is no doubt that the development direction of the automobile industry is the low-carbon, energy-saving and environment-friendly. It is very necessary for the countries of the world to develop new and new energy vehicles. As the world's petroleum resources are limited, the rise of new energy vehicles is beneficial to saving oil resources and reducing the emission of CO2, which is of great significance for protecting the development environment of human society. In which the pure electric automobile is driven by a motor to replace an engine, so that the pure electric automobile has the advantages of zero emission of harmful substances. As the only driving source and motor system of the pure electric car, it is the most important research and development of the research personnel, so the efficiency of the motor directly affects the energy of the whole vehicle. With the advantages of power factor and high efficiency, the permanent magnet synchronous motor is widely used in all types of the motor Note: The open-winding permanent-magnet synchronous motor is about to open the neutral point of the traditional permanent-magnet synchronous motor Y-type winding, and the six lead-out motors at the two ends of the neutral point are led out, and each three leads are connected with an inverter, which corresponds to connecting one of the two sides of the motor The inverter forms a double-inverter junction and compared with the conventional single-inverter structure system, the structure system effectively reduces the number of power switches, However, the application of the system to the permanent magnet synchronous motor is very small, so the system has a wide application in the permanent magnet synchronous motor Based on the project "Study on the control of the switching process of the open-winding permanent-magnet synchronous motor of the double-inverter of" of the independent research of the research group, the key technology of the switching process of the open-type permanent-magnet synchronous motor is grasped through the project research, and the whole-vehicle control based on the open-type permanent-magnet synchronous motor is set up. Complete the whole vehicle with open-winding permanent-magnet synchronous motor by making the strategy model economic analysis The contents of the study are as follows: from the application of the open-winding permanent-magnet synchronous motor to the purpose of the whole vehicle, the working characteristics of the open-winding permanent-magnet synchronous motor are analyzed, and the bench test is carried out to verify the permanent-magnet synchronization of the open-type winding The operation characteristics of the motor and the OPPeD software are used to obtain the motor efficiency diagram based on the requirement of the whole vehicle, so as to ensure the complete vehicle model based on the open-type winding permanent-magnet synchronous motor Based on the analysis of the cycle running condition of the pure electric car, the energy consumption rate of the two typical working conditions is used as the measurement index, and the whole vehicle model is built on the basis of completing the parameter matching of the open-type permanent magnet synchronous motor. Economic simulation and analysis to verify the application of open-winding permanent-magnet synchronous motor the economy of the car is excellent The main research is as follows:1. To study the work of open-winding permanent-magnet synchronous motor The characteristics and the matching of the parameters are completed. The open-ended winding is analyzed for the requirements of the pure electric car on the drive motor The external characteristics and efficiency characteristics of the motor are determined according to the power performance requirements of the target vehicle type and the operation condition analysis The range of the peak value and the rated parameter is determined by using the genetic algorithm. The specific value of each parameter of the group motor is as follows:2. Complete the opening The bench test of the permanent magnet synchronous motor of the winding-type winding is to obtain the open-winding permanent-magnet synchronous The external characteristic and the efficiency characteristic curve of the motor. the invention relates to a winding selection control strategy of a permanent-magnet synchronous motor, in that work interval, the control strategy of the win selection is set up, and four, the open type winding is finished, The performance simulation of the whole vehicle model of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is analyzed. First, the efficiency map of the open-type winding test motor is obtained according to the OPPeD motor software, and the external characteristic of the open-type winding test motor is verified according to the simulation results. and the simulation software of the OPPeD motor in that method, an open-type winding permanent-magnet synchronous motor model and a winding selection control strategy are finally established, The dynamic and economical performance of the pure electric car is simulated and analyzed. Finally, according to the simulation analysis of the whole vehicle economy under two typical working conditions, it can be concluded that the open-type winding motor is more than that of the conventional electric machine.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U469.72;TM341
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